EEG power spectral slope differs by ADHD status and stimulant medication exposure in early childhood

Journal of Neurophysiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 122(6), P. 2427 - 2437

Published: Oct. 17, 2019

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental characterized by hyperactivity/impulsivity and inattentiveness. Efforts toward the development of biologically based diagnostic test have identified differences in EEG power spectrum; most consistently reported an increased ratio theta to beta during resting state those with disorder, compared controls. Current approaches calculate theta/beta using fixed frequency bands, but observed may be confounded other relevant features spectrum, including shifts peak oscillation altered slope or offset aperiodic 1/

Language: Английский

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Management of alcohol use disorder in patients with cirrhosis in the setting of liver transplantation

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. 45 - 59

Published: Nov. 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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Alcohol-Associated Tissue Injury: Current Views on Pathophysiological Mechanisms

Annual Review of Physiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 84(1), P. 87 - 112

Published: Feb. 10, 2022

At-risk alcohol use is a major contributor to the global health care burden and leads preventable deaths diseases including addiction, alcoholic liver disease, cardiovascular diabetes, traumatic injuries, gastrointestinal diseases, cancers, fetal syndrome. Excessive frequent consumption has increasingly been linked alcohol-associated tissue injury pathophysiology, which have significant adverse effects on multiple organ systems. Extensive research in animal vitro models elucidated salient mechanisms involved alcohol-induced injury. In some cases, these pathophysiological are shared across The alcohol- metabolite–mediated include oxidative stress, inflammation immunometabolic dysregulation, gut leak dysbiosis, cell death, extracellular matrix remodeling, endoplasmic reticulum mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenomic modifications. These complex interrelated, determining interplay among them will make it possible identify how they synergistically or additively interact cause alcohol-mediated multiorgan this article, we review current understanding of

Language: Английский

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Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potential of TSPO Studies Regarding Neurodegenerative Diseases, Psychiatric Disorders, Alcohol Use Disorders, Traumatic Brain Injury, and Stroke: An Update

Cells, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. 870 - 870

Published: April 2, 2020

Neuroinflammation and cell death are among the common symptoms of many central nervous system diseases injuries. programmed various types in brain appear to be part these disorders, characteristic for each type, including neurons glia cells. Concerning effects 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) on glial activation, as well being associated with neuronal death, a response mechanism oxidative stress, changes its expression assayed aid TSPO-specific positron emission tomography (PET) tracers’ uptake could also offer evidence following pathogenesis disorders. This potentially increase number diagnostic tests accurately establish stadium development disease question. Nonetheless, differences results regarding TSPO PET signals first second generations tracers measured patients neurological disorders versus healthy controls indicate that we still have understand more characteristics. Expanding investigations neuroprotective healing ligands contribute better understanding therapeutic potential activity damage due injury disease. Studies so far directed attention glia, processes, such inflammation, regeneration. It is definitely worthwhile drive studies forward. From recent research it appears ligands, PK11195, Etifoxine, Emapunil, 2-Cl-MGV-1, demonstrate targeting treatments

Language: Английский

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Association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists use and change in alcohol consumption: a systematic review

EClinicalMedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102920 - 102920

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Molecular Mechanisms of Alcohol-Induced Colorectal Carcinogenesis

Cancers, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(17), P. 4404 - 4404

Published: Aug. 31, 2021

The etiology of colorectal cancer (CRC) is complex. Approximately, 10% individuals with CRC have predisposing germline mutations that lead to familial syndromes, whereas most patients sporadic resulting from a combination environmental and genetic risk factors. It has become increasingly clear chronic alcohol consumption associated the development CRC; however, exact mechanisms by which contributes carcinogenesis are largely unknown. Several proposed studies in models suggest metabolites and/or enzymes metabolism alter cellular redox balance, cause DNA damage, epigenetic dysregulation. In addition, can dysbiotic microbiome intestinal permeability, bacterial translocation, inflammation, immunosuppression. All these effects increase developing CRC. This review aims outline some significant recent findings on carcinogenesis. We examine effect generation reactive oxygen species, genotoxic stress, modulation one-carbon metabolism, disruption microbiome,

Language: Английский

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Role of the ghrelin system in alcohol use disorder and alcohol‐associated liver disease: A narrative review

Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 46(12), P. 2149 - 2159

Published: Nov. 1, 2022

Abstract Unhealthy alcohol consumption is a global health problem. Adverse individual, public health, and socioeconomic consequences are attributable to harmful use. Epidemiological studies have shown that use disorder (AUD) alcohol‐associated liver disease (ALD) the top two pathologies among alcohol‐related diseases. Consistent with major role plays in metabolism, uncontrolled drinking may cause significant damage liver. This initiated by excessive fat accumulation liver, which can further progress advanced disease. The only effective therapeutic strategies currently available for ALD abstinence or transplantation. Any molecule dual‐pronged effects at central peripheral organs controlling addictive behaviors associated metabolic pathways potentially important target treating AUD ALD. Ghrelin, hormone primarily derived from stomach, has such properties, regulates both behavioral functions. In this review, we highlight recent advances understanding functions of ghrelin system its pathogenesis. We first discuss correlation between blood concentrations abstinence. Next, alcohol‐seeking finally development fatty regulations organ crosstalk. propose better could open an innovative avenue improved treatments medical consequences, including

Language: Английский

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Alcohol Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review of Evolving Perspectives and Long-Term Implications

Life, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 1134 - 1134

Published: Sept. 9, 2024

Cardiovascular illnesses remain the primary cause of death, accounting for at least 17.9 million fatalities per year and posing a significant public health problem because its extensive predominance effect on healthcare systems. The etiology cardiovascular disease is complex involves several environmental lifestyle factors. Alcohol use highly important determinant dual-edged health. Multiple studies indicate that moderate alcohol consumption may have certain advantages, such as slight enhancements in lipid profiles. Conversely, excessive intake associated with serious negative consequences, including cardiomyopathy, hypertension, arrhythmias, even mortality. aim this study to provide comprehensive analysis effects their understanding within medical field over time. It uses an interpretative narrative review methodology analyzes focus genetic risk factors, gender differences, shifts paradigms recent years. This article highlights need obtaining thorough support guidelines clinical practice, it underscores significance into broader context management identifies subjects further study.

Language: Английский

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Alcohol Use Disorder Pharmacotherapy in Patients With Alcohol‐Related Liver Disease: A Scoping Review

Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Introduction: Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is one of the most common causes cirrhosis. Pharmacotherapy for alcohol use disorder (AUD) can improve abstinence rates in patients with cirrhosis, however, there limited data on how these therapies affect liver-related outcomes. Methods: A scoping review was completed using multiple electronic search databases. Articles exploring pharmacotherapy AUD and outcomes ALD were included. The primary outcome this study after receiving AUD, including decompensated mortality, progression ALD, need transplantation. Results: total 2521 studies screened 3 selected. 45,948 included, 43,863 (98%) male, mean age 58.7. Only 2299 (5%) received pharmacotherapy. Receipt found to be associated decreased hepatic decompensation mortality 2 out studies. Conclusion: There are that explore Medications may outcomes; further prospective association.

Language: Английский

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Alcohol consumption during adolescence: A link between mitochondrial damage and ethanol brain intoxication

Birth Defects Research, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 109(20), P. 1623 - 1639

Published: Dec. 1, 2017

Abstract Adolescence is a period of multiple changes where social behaviors influence interpersonal‐relations. Adolescents live new experiences, including alcohol consumption which has become an increasing health problem. The age onset for declined in the last decades, and additionally, adolescents now uptake greater amounts per occasion. Alcohol risk factor accidents, mental illnesses or other pathologies, as well appearance addictions, alcoholism. An interesting topic to study damage that induces on central nervous system (CNS) young population. brain undergoes substantial modifications during adolescence, making cells more vulnerable ethanol toxicity. Over years, mitochondria have emerged cell organelle particularly susceptible alcohol. Mitochondria suffer severe alterations can be exacerbated if amount exposure time increased. In this review, we focus adolescent after drinking, placing particular emphasis mitochondrial their consequences against function. Finally, propose important mediator toxicity potential therapeutic target reduce treat conditions associated with excessive consumption.

Language: Английский

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