Plasma GFAP, NfL and pTau 181 detect preclinical stages of dementia

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 9, 2024

Background Plasma biomarkers are preferable to invasive and expensive diagnostic tools, such as neuroimaging lumbar puncture that gold standard in the clinical management of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Here, we investigated plasma Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) Phosphorylated-tau-181 (pTau 181) AD its early stages: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) Mild impairment (MCI). Material methods This study included 152 patients (42 SCD, 74 MCI 36 AD). All underwent comprehensive neurological assessment. Blood samples were collected for Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping biomarker (GFAP, NfL, pTau measurements. Forty-three (7 27 MCI, 9 AD) a follow-up (FU) visit after 2 years, second sample was collected. levels detected using Simoa SR-X technology (Quanterix Corp.). Statistical analysis performed SPSS software version 28 (IBM Statistics). significance set at p < 0.05. Results GFAP, NfL 181 lower SCD than patients. In particular, GFAP statistically significant different between ( =0.003), =0.032). vs =0.026), <0.001), FU p=0.033 ), p=0.011 =0.002), =0.003) =0.003). concentration significantly =0.001), =0.020). APOE ϵ4 carriers, increase p<0.001 ) found p=0.014). Moreover, an association emerged age disease onset (p = 0.021) pTau181 0.001) levels. Discussion conclusions promising diagnosis prodromic stages prognosis dementia.

Language: Английский

Multimer Detection System: A Universal Assay System for Differentiating Protein Oligomers from Monomers

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 1199 - 1199

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Depositions of protein aggregates are typical pathological hallmarks various neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). For example, amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau present in the brain plasma patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD); α-synuclein Parkinson’s (PD), dementia Lewy bodies (DLB), multiple system atrophy (MSA); mutant huntingtin (Htt) Huntington’s (HD); DNA-binding 43 kD (TDP-43) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal (FTD), limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE). The same misfolded proteins can be form mixed proteinopathies. Since there is no cure for all these diseases, understanding mechanisms aggregation becomes imperative modern medicine, especially developing diagnostics therapeutics. A Multimer Detection System (MDS) was designed to distinguish quantify multimeric/oligomeric forms from monomeric aggregated proteins. As unique epitope monomer already occupied by capturing or detecting antibodies, epitopes would accessible both antibodies simultaneously, signals will generated oligomers rather than monomers. Hence, MDS could a simple solution measuring conformations high sensitivity specificity, which may help explore diagnostic treatment strategies anti-aggregation

Language: Английский

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering for the detection of biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases: A review

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 185, P. 118173 - 118173

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Language: Английский