Childhood BMI trajectories and sociodemographic factors in an Italian pediatric population

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Childhood obesity is a growing global concern due to its long-term health consequences. Yet, more research relying on multiple time-point BMI measurements warranted gain further insight into obesity's temporal trends. We aimed identify trajectories in children aged 2–10 years and evaluate their association with sociodemographic factors. This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the PEDIANET registry, containing sociodemographic, clinical, prescribing information patients assisted by Italian family pediatricians, linked corresponding area deprivation index. 29,576 at least 10 of follow-up, born term normal birthweight, three plausible were identified. z-score calculated using Group-Based Trajectory Modeling, mixed multinomial logistic regression was used assess A secondary analysis examined ages 2–7 (n = 58,509). Four z-scores trajectories, all quadratic shape, identified as optimal fit: "stable-low-weight" (27.5%), "normal-weight" (40.9%), "stable-moderate-increase" (24.2%), "overweight-to-obese" (7.5%). Females, residing Southern Island regions, those deprived socioeconomic areas had higher probability following group compared trajectory. Sex residence similar effects Conversely, females Central Italy less likely belong "stable-low-weight trajectory". highlighted considerable heterogeneity pediatric age, emphasizing effect inequalities growth patterns models capable capturing dynamic nature phenomenon.

Language: Английский

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Real-world effectiveness of influenza vaccination in preventing influenza and influenza-like illness in children

Vaccine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 53, P. 126946 - 126946

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Language: Английский

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Validation of Administrative Data and Timing of Point Prevalence Surveys for Antibiotic Monitoring

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(9), P. e2435127 - e2435127

Published: Sept. 24, 2024

Importance Point prevalence surveys (PPSs) are used globally to collect data on antibiotic prescriptions. However, the optimal frequency for collection ensure comprehensive understanding of use and target monitor stewardship interventions remains unknown. Objective To identify collecting among pediatric population through PPSs leveraging administrative data. Design, Setting, Participants This prognostic study a cross-sectional validation approach was conducted in outpatient inpatient settings Veneto region Italy. Antibiotics were classified according World Health Organization Access, Watch Reserve criteria. Prescribing rates access antibiotics analyzed inpatients with records dated between October 1, 2014, December 31, 2022, outpatients January 2010, 2022. The included children younger than 15 years an prescription who admitted acute care unit or evaluated by primary pediatrician. Data analysis performed from 2023 2024. Main Outcomes Measures An algorithm developed time frames conducting PPSs. sought minimize discrepancy quarterly yearly PPS results, aiming accurately estimate annual prescribing both (primary outcome). External validity derived when applied setting also investigated. Validation involved assessing effectiveness identifying strategic periods capturing patterns (secondary Results 106 309 children: 3124 (1773 males [56.8%]) 103 185 (53 651 [52.0%]). A total 5099 474 867 prescriptions analyzed, respectively. Outpatients tended be older inpatients, median age 3.2 (IQR, 1.3-6.3) vs 2.6 0.6-6.6) years, respectively, lower burden clinical comorbidities (≥1 comorbidity: 6618 [6.4%] 1141 [36.5%], respectively). successfully identified distinct within calendar year optimized collection. Rates obtained during these exhibited greater agreement (inpatient: r = 0.17, P < .001; outpatient: 0.42, .001) those 0.04, .58; 0.05, .34), Δ reduction up 89.8% (where represents percentage point change rates). Furthermore, gleaned demonstrated robust applicability setting, yielding comparable results scenarios. Conclusions Relevance potential determining timing implementation. balanced precision sustainability, especially implemented strategically selected across different seasons. Further studies needed validate this study, post–COVID-19 pandemic settings.

Language: Английский

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Coverage and determinants of COVID-19 child vaccination in Munich, Germany in October 2022–January 2023: Results of the COVIP-Virenwächter study

European Journal of Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 183(9), P. 3727 - 3738

Published: June 8, 2024

Language: Английский

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Comparative study showed that children faced a 78% higher risk of new‐onset conditions after they had COVID‐19

Acta Paediatrica, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 112(12), P. 2563 - 2571

Published: Sept. 9, 2023

Abstract Aim Children have largely been unaffected by severe COVID‐19 compared to adults, but data suggest that they may experienced new conditions after developing the disease. We outcomes in children who had and healthy controls. Methods A retrospective nested cohort study assessed incidence rate of new‐onset aged 0–14 years. Data were retrieved from an Italian paediatric primary care database linked Veneto Region registries. Exposed with a positive nasopharyngeal swab matched 1:1 unexposed tested negative. Conditional Cox regression was fitted estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) 95% confidence intervals (CI) for exposure outcome associations adjusting covariates. Results 1656 exposed 1 February 2020 30 November 2021. The overall excess risk 78% higher than children. found significantly risks some children, including mental health issues (aHR 1.8, CI 1.1–3.0) neurological problems 2.4, 1.4–4.1). Conclusion interest

Language: Английский

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Association Between Early-Life Exposure to Antibiotics and Development of Child Obesity: Population-Based Study in Italy

JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10, P. e51734 - e51734

Published: May 31, 2024

Background Childhood obesity is a significant public health problem representing the most severe challenge in world. Antibiotic exposure early life has been identified as potential factor that can disrupt development of gut microbiome, which may have implications for obesity. Objective This study aims to evaluate risk developing among children exposed antibiotics life. Methods An Italian retrospective pediatric population-based cohort born between 2004 and 2018 was adopted using Pedianet database. Children were required be at term, with normal weight, without genetic diseases or congenital anomalies. We assessed timing first antibiotic prescription from birth 6, 12, 24 months dose-response relationship via number prescriptions recorded year (none, 1, 2, ≥3 prescriptions). Obesity defined BMI z score >3 aged ≤5 years >2 >5 years, World Health Organization growth references. The obese incidence rate (IR) × 100 person-years relative 95% CI computed infant sex, area residence, preschool school age, deprivation index, are covariates interest. A mixed-effect Cox proportional hazards model used estimate hazard ratio association child 14 considering family pediatricians random factor. Several subgroup sensitivity analyses performed assess robustness our results. Results Among 121,540 identified, 54,698 prescribed least an within 26,990 classified during follow-up 4.05 cases (95% 4.01-4.10) person-year. remained consistent across different timings 6 months, 1 year, 2 (fully adjusted [aHR] 1.07, 1.04-1.10; aHR 1.06, 1.03-1.09; 1.04-1.10, respectively). Increasing exposures increases significantly (P trend<.001). individual-specific age analysis showed starting therapy very (between 0 5 months) had greatest impact (aHR 1.12, 1.08-1.17) on childhood respect what observed those who after fifth month These results analyses. Conclusions this large support increased becomes progressively stronger both increasing numbers younger time prescription.

Language: Английский

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A population database analysis to estimate the varicella vaccine effectiveness in children < 14 years in a high vaccination coverage area from 2004 to 2022

Vaccine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 42(26), P. 126387 - 126387

Published: Sept. 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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Socioeconomic inequalities in COVID-19 infection and vaccine uptake among children and adolescents in Catalonia, Spain: a population-based cohort study

Frontiers in Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Nov. 19, 2024

Introduction This study aims to investigate the relationship between deprivation, as measured by a socioeconomic deprivation index (SDI) score for census tract urban areas, and COVID-19 infections vaccine uptake among children adolescents before after vaccination rollout in Catalonia, Spain. Methods We conducted population-based cohort using primary care records. Individuals were followed 3 months start of campaign Spain after. Children (5–11 years) (12–15 with at least 1 year prior history observation available without missing data. For each outcome, we estimated cumulative incidence crude Cox proportional-hazard models SDI quintiles, hazard ratios (HRs) infection relative deprived quintile, Q1. Results Before rollout, 290,625 179,685 analyzed. Increased HR was associated higher risk both [Q5: 1.55 (95% CI, 1.47–1.63)] 1.36 1.29–1.43)]. After this pattern changed children, lower more areas 0.62 0.61–0.64)]. Vaccine than but age groups, non-vaccination common those living (39.3% 74.6% Q1 vs. 26.5% 66.9% Q5 adolescents, respectively). Conclusions non-vaccination. Socioeconomic disparities also evident across groups. Our findings suggest that changes association likely due testing disparities.

Language: Английский

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Association Between Early-Life Exposure to Antibiotics and Development of Child Obesity: Population-Based Study in Italy (Preprint)

Published: Aug. 10, 2023

Childhood obesity is a significant public health problem representing the most severe challenge in world. Antibiotic exposure early life has been identified as potential factor that can disrupt development of gut microbiome, which may have implications for obesity. This study aims to evaluate risk developing among children exposed antibiotics life. An Italian retrospective pediatric population-based cohort born between 2004 and 2018 was adopted using Pedianet database. Children were required be at term, with normal weight, without genetic diseases or congenital anomalies. We assessed timing first antibiotic prescription from birth 6, 12, 24 months dose-response relationship via number prescriptions recorded year (none, 1, 2, ≥3 prescriptions). Obesity defined BMI <i>z</i> score &gt;3 aged ≤5 years &gt;2 &gt;5 years, World Health Organization growth references. The obese incidence rate (IR) × 100 person-years relative 95% CI computed infant sex, area residence, preschool school age, deprivation index, are covariates interest. A mixed-effect Cox proportional hazards model used estimate hazard ratio association child 14 considering family pediatricians random factor. Several subgroup sensitivity analyses performed assess robustness our results. Among 121,540 identified, 54,698 prescribed least an within 26,990 classified during follow-up 4.05 cases (95% 4.01-4.10) person-year. remained consistent across different timings 6 months, 1 year, 2 (fully adjusted [aHR] 1.07, 1.04-1.10; aHR 1.06, 1.03-1.09; 1.04-1.10, respectively). Increasing exposures increases significantly (<i>P</i> trend&lt;.001). individual-specific age analysis showed starting therapy very (between 0 5 months) had greatest impact (aHR 1.12, 1.08-1.17) on childhood respect what observed those who after fifth month These results analyses. this large support increased becomes progressively stronger both increasing numbers younger time prescription.

Language: Английский

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