Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Oct. 18, 2024

As the physical, economic, and epistemic access to healthy, nutritious, safe food becomes increasingly unreliable particularly among world's low-income groups, research on nutrition insecurity dissemination of results remains critically important both within local contexts global stage. governments worldwide become interested in developing implementing novel effective policy approaches address insecurity, it is key for researchers help improve stakeholders understanding root causes consequences including inequitable distribution triple burden malnutrition (Pérez-Escamilla, 2017). Among others, this can be done through collaborative multidisciplinary research, evaluation endeavors. Over past decades, relevant fields space have gained a better epidemiology across countries as well its consequences, although much less known about structural solutions 2017; Young et al. 2021; Laar, 2021). Where evidence knowledge exist, they tends stay siloed not been extensively shared regions. This gap has led calls establishment water security networks sharing platforms globe (Melgar-Quiñonez 2023). Despite awareness crucial importance human health 2017) civil society organizations, international agencies, scholars, there little successfully implemented evaluated evidence-based policies between with very few exceptions (Pérez-Escamilla al 2024; Pérez-Escamilla, 2012; Salles-Costa 2018). Sharing strategies proven methods researchers, policymakers, consumers other systems actors identify promising initiatives adaptation implementation. For instance, by experiences evidence-informed shown when properly adapted needs different contexts, world may reach turning point prevent mitigate acute chronic crises that spread all over globe. Such experts via scientific publications, expert-expert, or expert-lay people stakeholder engagements, government-to-people policies.In response need broader collaboration borders, Research Topic emphasizes opportunities mutual learning around research. It grounded Fogarty International Center's webinar series "Lessons Learned from Global Food Nutrition Insecurity" conducted Fall 2022.. The three-part highlighted robust conceptual frameworks, measurement, indicators; innovative policy-relevant examining intersections social determinants insecurity; how these relate poor physical mental outcomes worldwide. using household experience scales conducting program monitoring was strongly success story what happens share their each other. In an initiative started US rapidly disseminated globally support regions similar efforts Pérez-Escamilla 2020). Through Topic, we aimed (i) map out agreed upon definitions, measurement tools indicators, (ii) describe foodscapes landscapes (iii) implementation programs settings; (iv) spotlight pivotal gaps addressed researchers. needed if forms are sustainably 2030 outlined United Nations Sustainability Goals. sets stage elaborating constructs, measurements security, applications lessons learned at level. Developing frameworks given powerful determinant planetary article, he makes case benefit rich applying experience-based our more immediate evaluating impact interventions designed it. points out, traditionally framed four dimensions, which together ensure social, economic sufficient, safe, nutritious meets dietary preferences active healthy life – alternatively stated "availability; access; utilization; stability" Recently, discussions expanded include dimensions "agency", "sustainability", acknowledging critical role achieving (Meinzen-Dick al., 2014; High Level Panel Experts Security (HLPE), 2020; Clap 2022). Including agency dimension reflects holistic only meeting but also ensuring knowledge, capabilities, freedoms secure way sustainable equitable. Two studies focused breastfeeding, element 'first systems' during first 1000+ days They examined benefits breastfeeding (Smith al.), strengthening pillar (Tomori al). Mothers' Milk Tool developed increase visibility value women's unpaid care work infants young children contributes society. Smith development features tool, report selected (n=14) representing high-, middle- world. Globally, women produce 35.6 billion liters milk annually, 38.2% currently "lost". concept "breastmilk loss" refers quantity breastmilk utilized despite capacity potential availability do so. losses, note, usually due cultural barriers breastfeeding. Mother's tool valuable advocates, individual mothers attributing monetary production. shows risk economically nations protected, promoted, supported national policies, programs, investments. Tomori presents security. paper highlights central diverse settings three studies: Honduras, Pakistan, USA. Lessons drawn (including low prioritizing suboptimal incorporation infant child feeding protocols into disaster preparedness agenda, considered energy policy) reinforce multisectoral scale up investment creating equitable, enabling environments An integrated approach change necessary recognize strengthen part adolescents. Sridha responds many leave adolescent behind fight against malnutrition. Adolescents make roughly quarter population Zambia; however, most security-related programming targeted under five years old. Their prevalence adolescents older living Zambian district comparable those calling age groups. separate study, Osei-Bonsu used data in-school students survey examine relationship sleep disturbance almost 200,000 school going concluded reducing could strategy enhancing quality thus overall life. A youth-focused study Mokari-Yamchi National Health Examination Survey 2017–2018 connection specific sociodemographic factors association obesity. analysis revealed youth insecure households were likely obese (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19–2.13) abdominal obesity (aOR: 1.56, CI: 1.19–2.03). contrast, such having head college degree income exceeding 350% poverty line associated reduced experiencing insecurity.Focusing two sub-Saharan Africa - Ethiopia Tanzania (Wubetie rural (Madzorera al.) peri-urban Zambia above (Sridha al.). Wubetie levels considering geographic, environmental, socioeconomic variables compared World Program's Consumption Score. conclude -recommended cut off WFP consumption score underestimated programmatic implications. Madzorera associations participation decision-making agricultural activities diet quality. found input agriculture improved Tanzania.Martinez-Brockman Eastern Caribbean Outcomes Network Cohort (ECHORN). showed demographic, psychosocial, behavioral, environmental adults 40 ECHORN cohort. contrast previous studies, did find cohort had higher men, set affected men vulnerability insecurity. underscores complexity multidimensionality affect contexts. Gaitan-Rossi, persistence context COVID-19 pandemic Mexico machine predictors persistent moderate severe consistent influential beginning period, lower status, being able adopt financial coping strategies, receiving government support. authors suggest should consider identifying responsive support.Two papers looked implications external shocks Bangham effect adverse events job loss, changes family structure, health) hunger severity pantry clients Boston, show unexpected increased medical expenses, pay reduction, death member hunger. anticipating inform public additional resources, essential wellbeing times instability. Using approach, Detz Fanzo explored bidirectional U.S. agrifood sector climate change. cattle production beef generates methane nitrous oxide, potent greenhouse gases. These gases contribute warming turn increases frequency strength catastrophic events, compromise supply. Increased crop yields micronutrient content crops, adversely low- middle-income countries. complexities ability develop call meaningful sufficient engagements actors, emphasizing build political will Both articles clearly illustrate collectively existential problem engagement community action-oriented networks. Finally, "produce prescription" 'Food Medicine' initiative. Broadly, medicine patients same time deploy nutrition-based them targeting diseases (Cook Lynch, 2023; Mozaffarian 2024). increasing fresh fruit vegetable consumption, giving money earmarked purchasing supermarkets retailers. Owens hospital-based programming. delivered level 1 trauma system Atlanta, Georgia, USA partnership community-based organizations Medicine provides model building equity healthcare organizations. intervention feasible required further improvements successful transferability toward improving well-being nationwide. Clients' satisfaction California qualitative Rhodes While prescription fruit, ultimately outcomes, clients' critical. reported quite satisfied offered recommendations services dignity respect clients. findings person-centered respectful, demand, engagement, impact. conduct initiating provided here co-design approaches. represent some happening lifespan explores methodologies domestically abroad highlighting learning. example, recently cited Bulletin Organization article detailing why protection, promotion, officially incorporated carbon offset hope ways governance 2024), world, areas where disproportionately condition wide-ranging short- long-term consequences. To conclude, apropos note ongoing debates surrounding definitions often shaped perspectives North. reflect values resonate apply realities South. Additionally, dynamics trade play significant shaping Power relations inherent agreements exacerbate vulnerabilities South marginalized communities Moving forward therefore, fully incorporate viewpoints populations balanced enhance well-coordinated agricultural, sectors (Fisher, Bauer, De Schutter, Addressing power imbalances vital, significantly inequities, unhealthy unsustainable

Language: Английский