Soil organic matter formation, persistence, and functioning: A synthesis of current understanding to inform its conservation and regeneration

Advances in agronomy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 66

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Climate change: Strategies for mitigation and adaptation

The Innovation Geoscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1(1), P. 100015 - 100015

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

<p>The sustainability of life on Earth is under increasing threat due to human-induced climate change. This perilous change in the Earth's caused by increases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases atmosphere, primarily emissions associated with burning fossil fuels. Over next two three decades, effects change, such as heatwaves, wildfires, droughts, storms, floods, are expected worsen, posing greater risks human health global stability. These trends call for implementation mitigation adaptation strategies. Pollution environmental degradation exacerbate existing problems make people nature more susceptible In this review, we examine current state from different perspectives. We summarize evidence Earth’s spheres, discuss emission pathways drivers analyze impact health. also explore strategies highlight key challenges reversing adapting change.</p>

Language: Английский

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Adaptation of Agriculture to Climate Change: A Scoping Review

Climate, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 202 - 202

Published: Oct. 6, 2023

Since agricultural productivity is weather and climate-related fundamentally depends on climate stability, change poses many diverse challenges to activities. The objective of this study review adaptation strategies interventions in countries around the world proposed for implementation reduce impact development production at various spatial scales. A literature search was conducted June–August 2023 using electronic databases Google Scholar Scientific Electronic Library eLibrary.RU, seeking key words “climate”, “climate change”, “agriculture adaptation”. Sixty-five studies were identified selected review. negative impacts are expressed terms reduced crop yields area, biotic abiotic factors, economic losses, increased labor, equipment costs. Strategies actions that can be emphasized local regional levels are: varieties management, including land use innovative breeding techniques; water soil agronomic practices; farmer training knowledge transfer; national levels: financial schemes, insurance, migration, culture; meteorological services; R&D, early warning systems. Adaptation depend context, region, or country; limiting discussion options measures only one type approach—"top-down” “bottom-up”—may lead unsatisfactory solutions those areas most affected by but with few resources adapt it. Biodiversity-based, “ecologically intensive” agriculture, climate-smart agriculture low-impact strong ecological modernization aiming sustainably increase incomes while addressing interrelated food security. Some taken response may not sufficient even vulnerability change. Future research should focus explore readiness farmers society adopt new constraints they face, as well main factors affecting them, order detect maladaptation before it occurs.

Language: Английский

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Global crop production increase by soil organic carbon

Nature Geoscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(12), P. 1159 - 1165

Published: Oct. 30, 2023

Language: Английский

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Productivity, soil health, and carbon management index of soybean-wheat cropping system under double zero-tillage and natural-farming based organic nutrient management in north-Indian plains

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 917, P. 170418 - 170418

Published: Jan. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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Integrating Remote Sensing and Soil Features for Enhanced Machine Learning-Based Corn Yield Prediction in the Southern US

Sensors, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(2), P. 543 - 543

Published: Jan. 18, 2025

Efficient and reliable corn (Zea mays L.) yield prediction is important for varietal selection by plant breeders management decision-making growers. Unlike prior studies that focus mainly on county-level or controlled laboratory-scale areas, this study targets a production-scale area, better representing real-world agricultural conditions offering more practical relevance farmers. Therefore, the objective of our was to determine best combination vegetation indices abiotic factors predicting in rain-fed, identify most suitable growth stage estimation using machine learning, effective learning model estimation. Our used high-resolution (6 cm) aerial multispectral imagery. Sixty-two different predictors, including soil properties (sand, silt, clay percentages), slope, spectral bands (red, green, blue, red-edge, NIR), (GNDRE, NDRE, TGI), color-space indices, wavelengths were derived from data collected at seven (V4, V5, V6, V7, V9, V12, V14/VT) stages corn. Four regression algorithms evaluated prediction: linear regression, random forest, extreme gradient boosting, boosting regressor. A total 6865 values training 1716 validation. Results show that, forest method, V14/VT had predictions (RMSE 0.52 Mg/ha mean 10.19 Mg/ha), V6 still feasible. We concluded integrating factors, such as slope properties, significantly improved accuracy. Among TGI, HUE, GNDRE performed better. can help farmers crop consultants plan ahead future logistics through enhanced early-season support farm profitability sustainability.

Language: Английский

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Crop rotation increases Tibetan barley yield and soil quality on the Tibetan Plateau

Nature Food, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Abstract Tibetan barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) accounts for over 70% of the total food production in Plateau. However, continuous cropping causes soil degradation, reduces quality and yield decline. Here we explore benefits crop rotation with wheat rape to improve quality. We conducted 39 field experiments on Plateau, comparing short-term (≤5 years), 5–10 years long-term (≥10 years) or rape. Results showed that barley–wheat barley–rape rotations increased yields by 17% 12%, respectively, while improving index 11% 21%, compared cropping. Both improved consequently yield, mainly increasing microbial biomass nitrogen carbon decreasing pH. By contrast, led decreased organic matter, lower pH, contributing The time. Implementing thus offers a sustainable agricultural strategy security

Language: Английский

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The Soil Organic Matter in Connection with Soil Properties and Soil Inputs

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 779 - 779

Published: April 15, 2021

The content of organic matter in the soil, its labile (hot water extractable carbon–HWEC) and stable (soil carbon–SOC) form is a fundamental factor affecting soil productivity health. current research (SOM) focused on individual fragmented approaches comprehensive evaluation HWEC SOC changes. present state together with soil’s management practices are usually monitoring today but there has not been any common model for both that published. Our approach should help to assess changes depending physico-chemical properties soil´s (e.g., digestate application, livestock mineral fertilisers, post-harvest residues, etc.). one- multidimensional linear regressions were used. Data obtained from various climatic conditions (68 localities) Czech Republic. farms operating observed during period 2008–2018. results ll monitored experimental sites showed increasing content, while decreased. Furthermore, decline pH saturation was documented by regression modelling. Mainly application responsible this negative consequence across all soils studied regions. multivariate models (MLR) also significantly affected natural fertility type), phosphorus (−30%), (+29%), sorption complex (SEBCT, 21%) dose total nitrogen (N) applied into (−20%). Here we report forms (HWEC) (15%), (37%), potassium (−7%), (−14%) overall condition (−27%). components (17%), texture 0.01–0.001mm (10%), input nutrients animal production (10%). Results fertilization effect (−14%), depth (−11%), 0.25–2 mm (−21%) SOM. Using modern statistical procedures (MRLs) it confirmed SOM plays an important role maintaining resp. improving physical, biochemical biological properties, which particularly ensure agroecosystems quality health) future food security.

Language: Английский

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Soil Organic Matter as Catalyst of Crop Resource Capture

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: May 8, 2020

The positive effect of soil organic matter (SOM) on crop yield has historically been attributed to the ability SOM supply crops with nitrogen and water. Whether management-induced increases in meaningfully supplement water received recent scrutiny, introducing uncertainty mechanisms by which benefits crops. Here, we posit that does not need increase a growth-limiting resource benefit crops; it only needs facilitate root access extant stocks. We highlight evidence for alleviate negative impacts waterlogging compaction development. Waterlogging restricts aeration and, even if transient, can cause permanent downregulation biosynthesis. Management practices promote reduce risk or duration accelerating infiltration, forestalling ponding, promoting drainage. Compaction as restriction development manifests drying soils, where mechanical impedance inflates photosynthate required extend tip into soil, leading short, thick, shallow roots. Soil reduces dry soils is associated channels subsoil, granting deep In this framework, response depends interaction a) susceptibility compaction, b) moisture during maturation, c) 'baseline' drainage status soil. By exploring proposed mechanisms, future research may better constrain context magnitude improvements be expected from management.

Language: Английский

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Perenniality and diversity drive output stability and resilience in a 26-year cropping systems experiment

Field Crops Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 263, P. 108071 - 108071

Published: Jan. 20, 2021

Sustainable cropping systems should be both stable and resilient to erratic extreme climate, while remaining profitable providing critical ecosystem services. Stable exhibit minimal interannual variability remain productive under disturbances. It is unclear however which system charataristics (e.g., perenniality, diversity, management) contribute the most stability or resilience. Using a 26-year experiment we calculated food-energy output from five typical of North Central U.S.: continuous maize, maize-soybean minimum tillage, organic maize-soybean-wheat system, two forage rotations including maize alfalfa. We found that was greatest for non-organic rotations, followed by grain system. Output improved in all over time more with greater degree perenniality. Soil health indicators were positively associated More diverse exhibited resilience face drought, due part having less rotation. Perennial are sustainable food production, especially increasingly climate patterns, actively promoted policy.

Language: Английский

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