COVID‐19 in Latin America and the Caribbean: Two years of the pandemic

Journal of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 292(3), P. 409 - 427

Published: April 12, 2022

Abstract Worldwide, nations have struggled during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. However, Latin America and Caribbean faced an unmatched catastrophic toll. As of March 2022, region has reported approximately 15% cases 28% deaths worldwide. Considering relatively late arrival SARS‐CoV‐2, several factors in were determinants humanitarian crisis that ensued. Pandemic unpreparedness, fragile healthcare systems, forthright inequalities, poor governmental support facilitated spread virus throughout region. Moreover, reliance on repurposed ineffective drugs such as hydroxychloroquine ivermectin—to treat or prevent COVID‐19—was publicised through misinformation created a false sense security adherence to social distancing measures. While there hopes herd immunity could be achieved after region's disastrous first peak, emergence Gamma, Lambda, Mu variants made this unattainable. This review explores how fared 2 years pandemic, how, despite all challenges, became global leader COVID‐19 vaccination, with 63% its population fully vaccinated.

Language: Английский

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Association between trust in the incumbent president and COVID-19 preventive behaviors during the pandemic in four Latin American countries

Cadernos de Saúde Pública, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 41(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic revealed disparities in policy responses Latin America. We examined the association between trust president and preventive behaviors Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico. used data from Collaborative Response Survey by McDonnell Academy at Washington University St. Louis (United States), September 2020 to March 2021. Nonprobabilistic sampling included adult citizens four countries. Multivariate negative binomial regression models were applied. study 8,125 participants, with Brazil showing lowest adherence (65.5%). Increased adoption of was linked ages 18-26 (aIRR = 1.05; 95%CI: 1.01-1.09), 60 or more 1.10; 1.05-1.15), high socioeconomic status 1.09; 1.05-1.13). Decreased engagement participants 0.74; 0.71-0.78), Mexico 0.95; 0.92-0.99), basic education 0.75; 0.68-0.84), intermediate 0.88; 0.85-0.91), low 0.91; 0.87-0.94), lack concern about contracting 0.93; 0.88-0.98), poor knowledge 0.92; 0.88-0.96). No significant found behaviors. Targeted communication, public education, improved access reliable information are crucial for fostering Public health practitioners should not overly themselves political rhetoric, as our suggests that authorities may systematically affect compliance directives.

Language: Английский

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Thematic trends in fact-checking in Brazil’s COVID-19 infodemic: the first year in focus

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 97(2)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Fact-checking agencies were pivotal in countering misinformation during the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigated predominant thematic orientations within Brazilian fact-checking pandemic’s initial year. Brazil’s case is relevant because it has a high traffic of false information and was second country most affected by From Latam Chequea Coronavirus’s database, 838 assertions checked analysed automated content analysis, allowing identification incidence through descending hierarchical classification factorial correspondence analysis. The emerged themes encompassed vaccine, virus origin, social isolation, economic relief, disease mortality, treatment. assigned varying levels importance to specific themes, which may reinforce idea possible non-neutrality journalism. Most categories displayed an irregular publication pattern, indicating they not part continuous communicative processes. This research addresses methodological, temporal, sampling gaps employing covering year, utilising substantial dataset from global South. study contributes ongoing discourse on agencies’ roles limitations.

Language: Английский

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The migrant-native difference in the relationship between anxiety and depression among the elderly in China: a comparative network analysis

Psychology Health & Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 17

Published: April 11, 2025

In the context of ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, elderly individuals are confronted with an elevated vulnerability to psychological distress. However, disparities in manifestation anxiety and depression between migrant native populations have yet be thoroughly examined. The purpose this study was identify network characteristics among during pandemic. Employing a cross-sectional design, we surveyed total 710 participants, encompassing both elders. Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale-Anxiety subscale (HADS-A) Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were utilized assess symptoms, respectively. R packages used construct network. Expected influence bridge expected central symptoms. Network comparison tests applied examine differences networks. levels higher than those elderly. Migrant networks exhibited identical symptoms ('hypochondria', 'restless') ('worry', 'sad mood'). 'anhedonia' only more Global strength structure differed significantly, being tightly knit. There commonalities immigrant elders This finding guides healthcare mental health professionals adopt targeted strategies for different older adults.

Language: Английский

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La desinformación en las democracias de América Latina y de la península ibérica: De las redes sociales a la inteligencia artificial (2015-2022)

URU Revista de Comunicación y Cultura, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8, P. 69 - 89

Published: July 3, 2023

Desde el año 2016, las investigaciones sobre la desinformación y sus efectos han sido muy numerosas. Las temáticas son repetitivas, pero los estudios más relevantes que explican su patrón de propagación. El presente trabajo realiza una revisión sistematizada literatura en lengua española campañas electorales, desinformación, inteligencia artificial automatización Iberoamérica. objetivo es identificar tendencias investigación, así como oportunidades estudio. artículo tiene un carácter no experimental descriptivo, con enfoque crítica. preguntas investigación planteadas siguientes: ¿qué ejes temáticos orientan académica iberoamericana?, ¿son variables políticas ordenan dicha investigación?, ¿en qué medida se introduce transversalmente ejes? Como resultados, establecen cinco grandes marco iberoamericano española: primer lugar, sobreabundancia redes sociales noticias falsas; segundo gran respuesta a verificación hechos, sin refinamiento metodológico; luego están aquellos trabajos pretenden llenar hueco del conocimiento déficit teórico; cuarto centradas partidos políticos líderes extrema derecha; y, finalmente, analizan ligada o artificial.

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Asustar para desestabilizar: desinformación sobre la COVID-19 en Argentina y España

Cuadernos info, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 52, P. 47 - 68

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

La desinformación sobre la pandemia de COVID-19 ha alcanzado tal magnitud que sido descrita como infodemia. El objetivo esta investigación es estudiar las intenciones su propagación en redes sociales, relación con fuentes, los temas, protagonistas y apelaciones emocionales engaños. Para ello, se analizó el contenido 548 desmentidos publicados al respecto entre 1 enero 2020 30 junio 2021 por medios verificadores Chequeado, Argentina, Newtral, España. Los resultados muestran tiene características similares ambos países, salvo caso lo condice carácter transnacional engaños buscan, todo, desestabilizar; negacionismo tema más frecuente; usuales son instituciones profesionales salud, prevalecen negativas, todo ira, utilizada objetivos polarizantes, miedo, para desestabilizar alimentar caos. apelación a emociones positivas queda reservada materiales reputacional o informativo. Asimismo, observa una correlación intención inferida resto variables estudiadas. hallazgos permiten concluir infodemia tuvo mismo pandemia, cual insinuaría un agenda mundial utiliza parámetros compartidos propagarse distintos escenarios.

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Factors associated with knowledge, attitudes and preventive practices towards COVID-19 in health care professionals in Lima, Peru

F1000Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10, P. 582 - 582

Published: July 16, 2021

Background: Nowadays, we are facing a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, known globally as COVID-19, which is considered threat to global health due its high contagiousness and rapid spread. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study in 302 professionals. An online questionnaire consisting of questions about knowledge, attitudes practices (KAP) towards COVID-19 was applied. Socio-demographic, occupational comorbidities factors were explored. Simple multiple logistic regression models used identify associated with KAP. Results: Of the total, 25.2%, 31.5% 37.4% had levels preventive risk perception respectively. Being married (aOR=6.75), having master's degree (aOR= 0.41), working day less than ten hours (ORa=0.49) obesity (aOR=0.38) low level knowledge COVID-19. The variables being over age 50 (aOR=0.52), hospitalization area (aOR=1.86) such arterial hypertension (aOR=0.28) (aOR=0.35). In relation negative COVID 19, it found that physical contact patients confirmed diagnosis (aOR=1.84) asthma (aOR=2.13) these attitudes. Conclusion: married, degree, older 50, practices. Physical attitudes.

Language: Английский

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Digital Transformation for More Equitable and Sustainable Public Health in the Age of Digital Interdependence

American Journal of Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 112(S6), P. S621 - S624

Published: Aug. 1, 2022

This article describes 8 guiding principles for the digital transformation of health sector and identifies their relationship with COVID-19 pandemic, as well highlights importance to countries undergoing processes. In Region Americas, among other gaps, 30% people do not have access Internet, which is why it mandatory develop policies actions deliver public interventions equitably sustainably ensure that no one left behind. The focus on 4 areas a sustainable system-human, social, economic, environmental-and highlight broader possibilities using technology an impact sustainability systems. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(S6):S621-S624. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306749).

Language: Английский

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Tipología de los contenidos virales de desinformación durante los primeros meses de emergencia sanitaria por la COVID-19 en el Perú

Revista de Comunicación, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(2), P. 197 - 223

Published: Sept. 8, 2022

Se realiza un análisis de los contenidos desinformación (N=80) que alcanzaron viralidad tras el anuncio del primer caso COVID-19 y durante la cuarentena obligatoria por pandemia (6 marzo al 30 junio 2020), fueron identificados sitios fact-checking entidades públicas. El estudio adapta una tipología incluye cinco tipos desinformativos: exageración, descontextualización, engaño, alertas falsas estafas, destacando sus características principales. De esta manera, investigación revela WhatsApp fue medio digital más usado para difusión, así como uso múltiples redes sociales. Las fotos texto elementos usados estos contenidos, mientras las principales temáticas se centraron en crisis sanitaria, bono económico familias vulnerables, restricciones pandemia, mitos salud. Además, propone guía proceso verificación datos contexto emergencia sanitaria vigente.

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The Mental Health of the Peruvian Older Adult during the COVID-19 Pandemic

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(24), P. 16893 - 16893

Published: Dec. 15, 2022

During the pandemic, elderly population was most exposed to disease and changes in their daily lives. The objective determine association between demographic factors, access health services, sources of information, physical symptoms mental during COVID-19 pandemic—a study with 3828 older adults residing nine cities Peru. data collected using a web-based survey, instruments data; exposure information (radio, television, internet); presence symptoms, anxiety, perceived stress were used. Descriptive analytical analysis performed. Female sex, those aged 60 79 years old, secondary education, own home, an urban area, public services predominated this study. Likewise, 62.9% presented depressive symptoms; on scale, average 27.81 (SD = 8.71), anxiety 27.24 6.04). Moreover, 65.1% reported fatigue, 62.2% had headache, 61.2% lack energy. There is variables psychological stress, pandemic.

Language: Английский

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