A comprehensive review on tyrosinase inhibitors

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 34(1), P. 279 - 309

Published: Jan. 1, 2019

Tyrosinase is a multi-copper enzyme which widely distributed in different organisms and plays an important role the melanogenesis enzymatic browning. Therefore, its inhibitors can be attractive cosmetics medicinal industries as depigmentation agents also food agriculture antibrowning compounds. For this purpose, many natural, semi-synthetic synthetic have been developed by screening methods to date. This review has focused on tyrosinase discovered from all sources biochemically characterised last four decades.

Language: Английский

---

Role of Phenolic Compounds in Human Disease: Current Knowledge and Future Prospects

Molecules, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(1), P. 233 - 233

Published: Dec. 30, 2021

Inflammation is a natural protective mechanism that occurs when the body’s tissue homeostatic mechanisms are disrupted by biotic, physical, or chemical agents. The immune response generates pro-inflammatory mediators, but excessive output, such as chronic inflammation, contributes to many persistent diseases. Some phenolic compounds work in tandem with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit mediators’ activity gene expression, including cyclooxygenase (COX). Various can also act on transcription factors, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) factor-erythroid factor 2-related 2 (Nrf-2), up-or downregulate elements within antioxidant pathways. Phenolic enzymes associated development of human diseases and have been used treat various common ailments, hypertension, metabolic problems, incendiary infections, neurodegenerative inhibition angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) has hypertension. carbohydrate hydrolyzing represents type diabetes mellitus therapy, cholinesterase applied Alzheimer’s disease (AD). demonstrated properties skin diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease. Plant extracts exert effects against oxidative stress inflammation caused airborne particulate matter, addition range anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-aging, antibacterial, antiviral activities. Dietary polyphenols prevent allergy-related biological contributions cardiovascular described. This review summarizes recent progress delineating multifunctional roles compounds, their molecular pathways through which they disorders. study discusses current issues potential prospects for therapeutic application

Language: Английский

---

Targeting Metalloenzymes for Therapeutic Intervention

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 119(2), P. 1323 - 1455

Published: Sept. 7, 2018

Metalloenzymes are central to a wide range of essential biological activities, including nucleic acid modification, protein degradation, and many others. The role metalloenzymes in these processes also makes them for the progression diseases and, as such, attractive targets therapeutic intervention. Increasing awareness play disease their importance class has amplified interest development new strategies develop inhibitors ultimately useful drugs. In this Review, we provide broad overview several drug discovery efforts focused on attempt map out current landscape high-value metalloenzyme targets.

Language: Английский

---

p-Coumaric Acid as An Active Ingredient in Cosmetics: A Review Focusing on its Antimelanogenic Effects

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 8(8), P. 275 - 275

Published: Aug. 4, 2019

Controlling unwanted hyperpigmentation is a major challenge in dermatology and cosmetology, safe efficacious antimelanogenic agents are deemed useful for this purpose. p-Coumaric acid natural metabolite contained many edible plants, its antioxidant activities reducing oxidative stress inflammatory reactions have been demonstrated various experimental models. has the optimal structure to be competitive inhibitor of tyrosinase that catalyzes key melanin biosynthetic pathway. Experimental evidence supports notion as it was found more potent tyrosinase, especially toward human enzymes, than other well-known inhibitors such arbutin kojic acid. inhibited synthesis murine melanoma cells, epidermal melanocytes, reconstituted three-dimensional skin Ex-vivo permeation experiments in-vivo efficacy tests p-coumaric confirmed efficient transdermal delivery functional erythema development pigmentation due ultraviolet radiation exposure. Human studies further supported effectiveness hypopigmentation depigmentation. These findings suggest good potential used skin-lightening active ingredient cosmetics. Future needed extensively examine safety develop an optimized cosmetic formulation best performance lightening.

Language: Английский

---

Inhibition of Human Tyrosinase Requires Molecular Motifs Distinctively Different from Mushroom Tyrosinase

Journal of Investigative Dermatology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 138(7), P. 1601 - 1608

Published: Feb. 7, 2018

Tyrosinase is the rate-limiting enzyme of melanin production and, accordingly, most prominent target for inhibiting hyperpigmentation. Numerous tyrosinase inhibitors have been identified, but those lack clinical efficacy because they were identified using mushroom as target. Therefore, we used recombinant human to screen a library 50,000 compounds and compared active screening hits with well-known whitening ingredients. Hydroquinone its derivative arbutin only weakly inhibited half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) in millimolar range, kojic acid showed weak (IC50 > 500 μmol/L). The potent this resorcinyl-thiazole derivatives, especially newly Thiamidol (Beiersdorf AG, Hamburg, Germany) (isobutylamido thiazolyl resorcinol), which had an IC50 1.1 μmol/L. In contrast, = 108 melanocyte cultures, strongly reversibly 0.9 μmol/L), whereas hydroquinone irreversibly melanogenesis 16.3 Clinically, visibly reduced appearance age spots within 4 weeks, after 12 weeks some indistinguishable from normal adjacent skin. full potential reduce hyperpigmentation skin needs be explored future studies.

Language: Английский

---

Natural and Bioinspired Phenolic Compounds as Tyrosinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Skin Hyperpigmentation: Recent Advances

Cosmetics, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 6(4), P. 57 - 57

Published: Oct. 1, 2019

One of the most common approaches for control skin pigmentation involves inhibition tyrosinase, a copper-containing enzyme which catalyzes key steps melanogenesis. This review focuses on tyrosinase properties series natural and synthetic, bioinspired phenolic compounds that have appeared in literature last five years. Both mushroom human inhibitors been considered. Among first class, flavonoids, particular chalcones, occupy prominent role as inhibitors, followed by hydroxystilbenes (mainly resveratrol derivatives). A more complex from variety sources, all belonging to Moraceae family, also described potent inhibitors. As synthetic compounds, hydroxycinnamic acids chalcones again appear exploited scaffolds. Several mechanisms reported pointing copper chelating and/or hydrophobic moieties structural requirements achieve good properties. Emerging trends search novel depigmenting agents, including development assays could distinguish between potentially toxic substrates well formulations aimed at improving bioavailability hence effectiveness well-known addressed.

Language: Английский

---

Natural and synthetic flavonoid derivatives as new potential tyrosinase inhibitors: a systematic review

RSC Advances, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(36), P. 22159 - 22198

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

This review revealed that among all the natural and synthetic flavonoids, inhibitory findings suggest flavonol moiety can serve as an effective a lead structural scaffold for further development of novel TIs.

Language: Английский

---

Natural products in cosmetics

Natural Products and Bioprospecting, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Nov. 28, 2022

The global cosmetics market reached US$500 billion in 2017 and is expected to exceed US$800 by 2023, at around a 7% annual growth rate. industry emerging as one of the fastest-growing industries past decade. Data shows that Chinese was US$60 2021. It be world's number consumer 2050, with size approximately US$450 billion. influence social media internet has raised awareness risks associated usage many chemicals health benefits natural products derived from plants other resources. As result, cosmetic now paying more attention products. present review focus on possible applications various biological sources skin care cosmetics, including topical products, fragrances, moisturizers, UV protective, anti-wrinkle In addition, mechanisms targets for evaluation active ingredients these bioactive compounds rejuvenation health, their potential role are also discussed.

Language: Английский

---

Marine-Derived Compounds with Potential Use as Cosmeceuticals and Nutricosmetics

Molecules, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 25(11), P. 2536 - 2536

Published: May 29, 2020

The cosmetic industry is among the fastest growing industries in last decade. As beauty concepts have been revolutionized, many terms coined to accompany innovation of this industry, since products are not just confined those that applied protect and enhance appearance human body. Consequently, such as cosmeceuticals nutricosmetics emerged give a notion health benefits create from inside outside. In past years, natural products-based gained huge amount attention only researchers but also public due general belief they harmless. Notably, recent demand for marine resources has exponentially on rise their unique chemical biological properties found terrestrial resources. Therefore, present review addresses importance marine-derived compounds, stressing new entities with cosmeceutical potential mechanisms action by which these compounds exert body functions well related benefits. Marine environments most important reservoir biodiversity provide biologically active substances whose still be discovered application pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cosmeceuticals. organisms an renewable source valuable bulk used agar carrageenan, gelling thickening agents increase viscosity formulations, small molecules ectoine (to promote skin hydration), trichodin A prevent product alteration caused microbial contamination), mytiloxanthin (as coloring agent). Marine-derived can function ingredients, being main determine anti-tyrosinase (kojic acid), antiacne (sargafuran), whitening (chrysophanol), UV protection (scytonemin, mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs)), antioxidants, anti-wrinkle (astaxanthin PUFAs).

Language: Английский

---

Condensed Tannins from Longan Bark as Inhibitor of Tyrosinase: Structure, Activity, and Mechanism

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 66(4), P. 908 - 917

Published: Jan. 9, 2018

In this study, the content, structure, antityrosinase activity, and mechanism of longan bark condensed tannins were evaluated. The findings obtained from mass spectrometry demonstrated that mixtures procyanidins, propelargonidins, prodelphinidins, their acyl derivatives (galloyl p-hydroxybenzoate). enzyme analysis indicated these efficient, reversible, mixed (competitive is dominant) inhibitor tyrosinase. What's more, showed good inhibitions on proliferation, intracellular activity melanogenesis mouse melanoma cells (B16). From molecular docking, results interactions between inhibitors tyrosinase driven by hydrogen bond, electrostatic, hydrophobic interactions. addition, high levels total phenolic extractable suggested might be a source inhibitor. This study would offer theoretical basis for development as novel food preservatives medicines skin diseases.

Language: Английский

---