Cognitive effort investment: Does disposition become action?

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(8), P. e0289428 - e0289428

Published: Aug. 22, 2023

Contrary to the law of less work, individuals with high levels need for cognition and self-control tend choose harder tasks more often. While both traits can be integrated into a core construct dispositional cognitive effort investment, its relation actual investment remains unclear. As are characterized by intrinsic motivation towards effortful cognition, they would likely increase their based on expected payoff, but rather increasing demand. In present study, we measured multiple dimensions, i.e., subjective load, reaction time, accuracy, early late frontal midline theta power, N2 P3 amplitude, pupil dilation. sample N = 148 participants, examined relationship indices during flanker an n-back task varying demand payoff. Exploratorily, this two subdimensions effortful-self-control as well. tasks, were sensitive partly The analyses revealed main effect accuracy (n-back task), interaction effects payoff time task) amplitude power (flanker task). Taken together, our results support notion that exert efficiently. Moreover, these regardless is supported, too. This may further understanding conditions under which person-situation interactions occur, i.e. situations determine in goal-directed behavior than personality, vice versa.

Language: Английский

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Robust single‐trial event‐related potentials differentiate between distress and fear disorders

Psychophysiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 61(5)

Published: Dec. 10, 2023

Abstract Recent evidence indicates that measures of brain functioning as indexed by event‐related potentials (ERPs) on the electroencephalogram align more closely to transdiagnostic psychopathology than categorical taxonomies. The Hierarchical Taxonomy Psychopathology (HiTOP) is a transdiagnostic, dimensional framework aiming solve issues comorbidity, symptom heterogeneity, and arbitrary diagnostic boundaries. Based shared features, emotional disorders are allocated into subfactors Distress Fear. Evidence close in HiTOP hierarchy share etiology, profiles, treatment outcomes. However, further studies testing biological underpinnings called for. In this study, we assessed differences between Fear range well‐studied ERP components. total, 50 patients with were divided two groups (Distress, N = 25; Fear, 25) according criteria compared against 37 healthy comparison (HC) subjects. Addressing traditional preprocessing analysis methods, applied robust single‐trial implemented EEGLAB toolbox LIMO EEG. Several components found differ groups. Surprisingly, no difference HC for any ERPs. This suggests some well‐established results from literature, e.g., increased error‐related negativity OCD, not neurobiological correlate subfactor. Conversely, Distress, reductions several across paradigms. Future could utilize HiTOP‐validated precisely define subfactor

Language: Английский

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How Robust is the Relationship between Neural Processing Speed and Cognitive Abilities?

Published: March 21, 2022

Individual differences in processing speed are consistently related to individual cognitive abilities, but the mechanisms through which a higher facilitates reasoning remain largely unknown. To identify these mechanisms, researchers have been using latencies of event-related potential (ERP) study how processes associated with specific ERP components is abilities. Although there some evidence that higher-order intelligence, results overall quite inconsistent. These inconsistencies likely result from variations analytic procedures and little consideration psychometric properties relatively small sample studies. Here we used multiverse approach evaluate different analytical choices regarding references, low-pass filter cutoffs, latency measures affect P2, N2, P3 their relations abilities 148 participants. Latent correlations between neural ranged -.49 -.79. contained about equal parts measurement error variance systematic variance, only half was whereas other reflected nuisance factors. We recommend addressing problematic by recording EEG data multiple tasks modeling covariates latent variable models. All all, our indicate substantial robust relationship when those issues addressed.

Language: Английский

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Tower of Babel or Lighthouse? The State of Research on Neuroelectric Correlates of Human Sexuality: A Response to the Commentaries

Archives of Sexual Behavior, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 52(2), P. 611 - 615

Published: Dec. 8, 2022

Language: Английский

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Cognitive effort investment: Does disposition become action?

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Contrary to the law of less work, individuals with high levels need for cognition and self-control tend choose harder tasks more often. While both traits can be integrated into a core construct cognitive effort investment, processes underlying this tendency remain unclear. A plausible explanation is that these intend avoid feeling boredom during easy tasks. If were case, they would likely increase their based on expected payoff, but rather increasing demand. In present study, we measured actual investment multiple dimensions, i.e., subjective load, reaction time, accuracy, early late frontal midline theta power, N2 P3 amplitude, pupil dilation. sample N = 148 participants, examined relationship dispositional indices flanker an n-back task varying demand payoff. tasks, sensitive partly The analyses revealed no main effect interaction effects payoff time (n-back task) amplitude power (flanker task). Taken together, our results do not support notion exert efficiently. However, regardless supported. This may further understanding conditions under which person-situation interactions occur, i.e. situations determine in goal-directed behavior than personality, vice versa.

Language: Английский

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