Genetic associations of colostrum yield with antibodies concentration and gross composition for selective breeding in Italian Holsteins

Journal of Dairy Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The quality of bovine colostrum, primarily determined by IgG concentration, is essential for the transfer passive immunity and development gastrointestinal tract in neonates. High concentration colostrum (BC) pivotal calf at first meal; however, while neonates often refuse to voluntarily drink recommended amount BC hours life, dam frequently fails produce a sufficient volume milking. This study seeks estimate h2 yield (CY) its genetic correlations with total Ig, IgG, protein, fat concentrations time Italian Holstein population. Colostral Ig gross composition were assessed on individual samples collected using ad hoc near-infrared prediction models. infrared-predicted traits along measured CY used as phenotypes (n = 2,938) estimation parameters through linear animal Parity, photoperiod calving, classes significantly impacted colostral composition, parity having most substantial influence. Colostrum older cows, fact, had greater protein than younger cows. higher when calvings occurred months decreasing photoperiod. Also, was maximum second-parity Heritability estimates 0.225 ± 0.05 0.211 0.05, approximately twice (0.101 0.03). correlation between positive (0.219 0.032) phenotypic level negative (−0.147 0.190). Spearman rank EBV official EBV/indexes which there selection ongoing breed generally weak or moderate, not always significant. Specifically, unfavorably associated PFT (production, functionality, type; −0.300) IES index (economic health; −0.335), favorably linked udder health/mastitis resistance (0.154) fertility (0.166), mirroring those calculated Ig. Selection toward an intermediate optimum calving can be potentially pursued balanced without incurring additional costs concentration.

Language: Английский

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Factors associated with an excellent transfer of passive immunity: multisite, cross-sectional study conducted in different European countries on dairy cattle

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Transfer of passive immunity (TPI) is key to achieving a good status in newborn calves. The traditional scientific approach examines risk factors for the failure TPI, but benefits an excellent transfer are well recognized, justifying closer examination specific influencing factors. However, there scarce information about conditions related which may differ from those avoiding failure. Therefore, objective this work was detect determining immunity. From April July 2022, 1,041 calves 108 European farms six countries were studied. Colostrum quality and level indirectly measured with refractometry. Data colostrum management, dam, calf farm recorded. A categorization poor, fair TPI established. Mixed-effects multinomial regression modeling implemented at animal-level, country herd as random Median values variables 3 l volume, 24.4% Brix time administration after birth 2 h. Only one achieved >40% category. Mean affecting volume administered. In conclusion, although most Europe manage administer adequately colostrum, aspects improve achieve more than 40% within These align preventing result should be taken into account prudence based on limitations study.

Language: Английский

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Effect of frozen storage of bovine colostrum for up to 1 year on concentrations of immunoglobulins and insulin as well as bacterial counts

JDS Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Impact of high-volume voluntary feed consumption on growth and health of Brown Swiss calves: Comparing continued dam's milk feeding with early switching to milk replacer during the first week of life

Journal of Dairy Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

Understanding nutritional needs and management during the neonatal period is crucial for reducing mortality rates improving overall health of calves, thereby impacting economic viability farming operations. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate performance differences between calves fed dam's milk or replacer (MR) at high allowances their first week life. Twenty Brown Swiss (both male female) were colostrum transition 6 feedings twice daily in unlimited amounts. They then randomly assigned 1 2 treatments: receiving either MR 8 consecutive feedings, The weighed 3 times experiment, growth visible end trial, with milk-fed exhibiting superior compared MR-fed calves. Differences also observed fecal consistency, showing higher occurrence loose feces. Calves exhibited greater weight gain a relative increase body weight, achieving 22% 15% both birth weight. explained by nutrient density life MR, which, upon feed transition, decreased consumed energy 30% without changing consumption. feces scores interpreted as multifactorial issue likely caused an abrupt change feedstuff, concentrations osmolality-influencing agents such lactose minerals, lack abomasal clotting high-volume Our findings demonstrate that initial performance, fewer impairments, improved consistency transitioned early abruptly MR. In order better imitate stage life, lower ash but fat inclusion should be considered manufacturers.

Language: Английский

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Effect of oxytocin use during colostrum harvest and the association of cow characteristics with colostrum yield and immunoglobulin G concentration in Holstein dairy cows

Journal of Dairy Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 107(9), P. 7469 - 7481

Published: May 31, 2024

Our objectives were to determine the effect of oxytocin use during colostrum harvest on yield (CY) and IgG concentration in Holstein dairy cows a commercial New York describe associations cow characteristics with these outcomes. Animals enrolled between July October 2023 using randomized block design, day enrollment as unit randomization. A median (range) 10 (3 19) enrolled/d. Treatments 1) 40 IU Oxytocin (OXY40), 2) 20 (OXY20), 3) an untreated control group (CNTR). was administered intramuscularly (IM) approximately 45 s before attachment rotary parlor. Colostrum weight measured bucket-embedded scale or platform when less than smallest bucket scale. The ([IgG]) determined radial immunodiffusion (RID) used calculate total IgG, dry matter (%) by oven drying. Individual such parity, calf sex, weight, dystocia score, stillbirth, milk production wk 4 lactation, for multiparous cows, period length, previous lactation off linear score (LS) collected. Data analyzed separately primiparous backward stepwise elimination produce final mixed effects ANOVA models Primiparous (n = 201) 35.8% 72) OXY40, 32.8% 66) OXY20, 31.3% 63) CNTR. Multiparous groups 435) 34.7% 151) 29.7% 129) 35.6% 155) CY 6.0 (0 20.6) kg [IgG] 98.5 (0.1 293.6) g/L study population. In OXY40 had higher (LSM [95% CI]) 5.4 (4.9 5.9) compared both OXY20 (4.1 [3.5 4.7] kg) CNTR (3.8 [3.3 4.3] (P < 0.001). CTNR did not differ (5.9 [5.3 6.5], 5.7 [6.3 5.1], [6.0 4.8] kg, respectively, P 0.43), but greater parity 2 all other parities, giving birth male calves, highest at >65 d. affect either > 0.56), ≥4 lowest summary, IM associated [IgG]. likely addressed disturbed ejection therefore increased heifers milked first time This confirms within single herd.

Language: Английский

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The Effect of the Season on the Time Dependent Changes in Colostrum Lactoferrin Level in Murciano–Granadina Goats in Intensive System Farming

Animals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(17), P. 2580 - 2580

Published: Sept. 5, 2024

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects postpartum day and parity season on lactoferrin (LF), immunoglobulin G (IgG), chemical composition Murciano-Granadina goat colostrum during first 96 h after kidding, use Brix refractometer estimate IgG content. A herd 3500 intensively managed dairy goats (45-50 kg body weight) used. Colostrum samples were collected from days 1 4 in winter, spring, summer, autumn. assessed using an automated infrared method; LF concentrations measured ELISA, for percentage, we used a digital refractometer. taken showed highest LF, IgG, proteins non-fat solids (NFSs). As progressed, rapid decrease protein, NFS contents value observed. In contrast, lactose content increased steadily until fourth (

Language: Английский

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Effect of close-up metabolizable protein supply on colostrum yield, composition, and immunoglobulin G concentration and associations with prepartum metabolic indicators of Holstein cows

Journal of Dairy Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 107(12), P. 10695 - 10707

Published: Aug. 16, 2024

ABSTRACT

The prepartum diet as well individual metabolic status of the cow influences colostrum parameters. objectives this study were to (1) investigate effect increasing dietary MP supply on yield, composition, and IgG concentration, (2) identify indicators associated with these outcomes. Multiparous Holstein cows (n = 96) blocked by expected calving date randomly assigned 1 2 diets formulated contain a control (85 g MP/kg DM; 1,175 MP/d) or high (HI; 113 1,603 level starting at 28 d before calving. Both Met Lys an equal amount 1.24 3.84 g/Mcal ME, respectively. Metabolic determined in serum (albumin, glutamate dehydrogenase, cholesterol, aspartate transaminase, total protein, bilirubin, IgG) plasma (Ca, glucose, fatty acids, BHB, urea nitrogen) twice weekly subset 60). Colostrum was harvested 3.6 ± 2.4 h from yield concentrations IgG, fat, Ca determined. Cows retrospectively grouped based typical volume needed for meals (<6 ≥6 kg), concentration (<100 ≥100 g/L), median fat (<4.4% ≥4.4%), protein (<16.5% ≥16.5%), (<0.21% ≥0.21%), ME (<8.65 ≥8.65 Mcal). Data analyzed using mixed effects ANOVA, repeated measures where applicable. Feeding HI tended increase entering parity (9.4 vs. 7.2 0.9 but treatment did not affect ≥3 (5.1 6.4 1.0 kg). Supply Ca. that produced kg versus those producing <6 had lower glucose. group. ≥4.4% having albumin, transaminase activity. ≥16.5% circulating elevated cholesterol. Elevated glucose cholesterol BHB ≥0.21%. Further, higher albumin acids greater energy output. In conclusion, 2, composition concentration. observed associations between parameters suggest slight adjustment metabolism during late gestation might be necessary support colostrogenesis, causality relationships should considered.

Language: Английский

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The skimmed milk proteome of dairy cows is affected by the stage of lactation and by supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Oct. 14, 2024

The impact of nutritional modification to increase functional polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), such as n-3 and n-6 (FA) or conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), on milk proteome profile during early lactation remains largely unknown. We used an untargeted proteomics approach investigate the day PUFA supplementation signature in skimmed over course lactation. Sixteen Holstein dairy cows received abomasal infusion saturated FA (CTRL) a mixture essential CLA (EFA + group) from - 63 days relative parturition. Using quantitative proteomics, 479 unique proteins were identified at 1, 28, postpartum. top discriminating between transition (day 1) mature (days 28 63), including members complements (i.e. C2 C5), growth factor (TGFB2), lipoproteins APOE APOD), chaperones ST13 CLU), are associated with calves' immune system gut development. EFA moderately affected few regulating mammary glands' lipogenesis through (re)assembly lipoprotein particles, possibly under PPAR signaling pathway. Collectively, is dynamically regulated initially by cow's metabolic physiological changes lesser extent modifications.

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of changes in calf management from 2012 to 2022 on Austrian dairy farms using an online questionnaire

Journal of Dairy Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 108(3), P. 2756 - 2766

Published: Dec. 18, 2024

Calf management is important for the development, health, and welfare of animals. In this follow-up study, we evaluated calf practices on dairy farms in Austria using an online questionnaire 2021 2022. We tested hypothesis that farmers changed their farm within these 10 years. The total number analyzable surveys 2022 was 2,314. All variables significantly between Therefore, were chosen randomly by controlling confounding changes herd size (number cows), type (conventional vs. organic), cows' barn (freestall tiestall). From 2012 to 2022, median cows per increased from 20 (interquartile range [IQR] 13 30) 22 (IQR 35), percentage organic-producing 23.9% (2012) 30.6% (2022). offering colostrum 4 h after birth 83.7% 87.2%. This change significant when subsampling performed. quantity first offered newborns mainly 2 L (69%), with less than (13.3% 18.3%). testing quality objective method (hydrometer, Brix refractometer, outflow funnel) 4.9-fold 9.4% On most (88.8% 86.6% respectively), calves housed individually birth. A higher reported grouping at earlier age 2012. both years, whole milk fed (85.1% 86.3%). where nonsalable or waste decreased 84.0% 74.1%. Milk allowance nonsignificantly. Subsampling revealed weaning health problem diarrhea (in 59.8% farms, >10% calves; 27.4%, >25%), followed respiratory tract disease 39.8% 16.4%, >25%). Compared 2012, a stated they had incidence (39.8% 59.8%). our weak points regarding not enough colostrum, missing quality, housing socially weeks postnatum, feeding restricted amounts milk. mortality rate 3% 1 5) increasing also show need improvement. Thus, how get motivated implement accordance science-based recommendations remains open question.

Language: Английский

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Influence of different processing methods on anti-trypsin activity in bovine colostrum

JDS Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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