Behavioral risk assessment of exposure to wild and domestic animals in response to a Marburg virus disease outbreak, Ghana 2022

One Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20, P. 101010 - 101010

Published: March 15, 2025

In July 2022, Ghana reported its first outbreak of Marburg virus disease (MVD). The source the was unknown. August 2022 we conducted a behavioral risk assessment, surveying 715 participants in three rural communities associated with presumptive index case: Site 1 Ashanti Region and Sites 2 3 Western Ghana. Our primary aim to characterize exposure wild domestic animals, specifically Egyptian rousette bats (ERBs), natural reservoir for virus. We focused on two routes potential ERBs: 1) eating fruit bearing bite marks 2) entering caves or mines where were present. Eating common across all sites, but highest at Region. Higher levels education negatively correlated marks, while having trees present participant's home compound increased odds this exposure. Residents significantly more likely be exposed mines. Participants sites also high inside buildings; ERBs do not typically roost buildings, presents other bat-associated pathogens. One participant symptoms consistent MVD previous four months, suggesting possibility unrecognized cases that may have been outbreak. This study identified behaviors within regions could increase bat-borne Serological surveys these would provide important information about extent by identifying unreported cases, as well filoviruses.

Language: Английский

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Emerging and re-emerging pediatric viral diseases: a continuing global challenge

Pediatric Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 95(2), P. 480 - 487

Published: Nov. 8, 2023

Abstract The twenty-first century has been marked by a surge in viral epidemics and pandemics, highlighting the global health challenge posed emerging re-emerging pediatric diseases. This review article explores complex dynamics contributing to this challenge, including climate change, globalization, socio-economic interconnectedness, geopolitical tensions, vaccine hesitancy, misinformation, disparities access healthcare resources. Understanding interactions between environment, socioeconomics, is crucial for effectively addressing current future outbreaks. scoping focuses on infectious diseases, with an emphasis vulnerability. It highlights urgent need prevention, preparedness, response efforts, particularly resource-limited communities disproportionately affected change spillover events. Adopting One Health/Planetary Health approach, which integrates human, animal, ecosystem health, can enhance equity resilience communities. Impact We provide of threats populations provides update context COVID-19 pandemic aims sensitize clinicians, epidemiologists, public practitioners, policy stakeholders/decision-makers role these diseases have persistent morbidity mortality

Language: Английский

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Infectious Diseases Training in the 21st Century: A Glass Half Full or Half Empty?

The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 229(3), P. 621 - 624

Published: Feb. 3, 2024

Abstract The percentage of infectious diseases (ID) fellowship positions filled has declined in the last years despite a relatively stable number applicants. data are concerning since this could impact an already strained workforce. A recent survey ID program directors provides insight into perceptions about factors that might have affected match rate 2023 and also be applicable to 2024 match. Here, we discuss results complex influence choice as specialty. Although concerning, provide new opportunities reassess current models training design innovative strategies for education.

Language: Английский

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Influences of individual interaction validity on coupling propagation of information and disease in a two-layer higher-order network

Chaos An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 35(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

All complex phenomena in systems arise from individual interactions, which include pairs and higher-order forms. Research indicates that various physical mental factors can impact the validity of these potentially preventing diffusion phenomena. This paper explores influences interaction on coupling propagation information disease a two-layer network. Interaction is defined using threshold function based activity level. The dynamic evolution equations nodes are derived by microscopic Markov chain approach, transmission determined. Extensive numerical simulations both artificial real-world networks reveal interactions significantly enhance related information. Reducing levels diminishes validity, thereby restricting transmission. Moreover, optimizing control be achieved increasing public virtual social while reducing it contact networks. Strengthening interlayer enhances self-protective measures, thus amplifying suppression

Language: Английский

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Novel Rodent Coronavirus-like Virus Detected Among Beef Cattle with Respiratory Disease in Mexico

Viruses, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 433 - 433

Published: March 18, 2025

In February 2024, while conducting surveillance for novel respiratory viruses, we studied four beef cattle farms near Monterrey, Mexico. Nasal swabs were collected from sick and healthy along with 3 h aerosol samples. None of the samples had molecular evidence influenza A viruses. Three (8%) thirty-six nasal (33.3%) twelve bioaerosol specimens D virus. Five cow one sample on a single farm rodent coronavirus-like (RCoV), an alphacoronavirus. (60%) five RCoV-positive also D. Attempts to isolate RCoV in Vero-E6, LLC-MK2, MDBK, L-2 cells unsuccessful. However, able assemble ~60% genome using next-generation sequencing. The six clustered strains identified China 2021. During last 12 months, have estimated 478 dairy 11 US Mexico, these detections are first encountered. While feed contamination cannot be ruled out, given propensity CoVs jump species that detected only noses cows this farm, concerned findings could represent isolated spillover event. With report, alerting veterinarians owners our observations may new cause bovine disease.

Language: Английский

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The significance of studying high-consequence pathogens in their natural reservoirs

Advances in virus research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Protocol to produce a systematic Arenavirus and Hantavirus host-pathogen database: Project ArHa.

Wellcome Open Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10, P. 227 - 227

Published: April 28, 2025

Arenaviruses and Hantaviruses, primarily hosted by rodents shrews, represent significant public health threats due to their potential for zoonotic spillover into human populations. Despite global distribution, the full impact of these viruses on remains poorly understood, particularly in regions like Africa, where data is sparse. Both virus families continue emerge, with pathogen evolution driven anthropogenic factors such as land use change, climate biodiversity loss. Recent research highlights complex interactions between ecological dynamics, host species, environmental shaping risk transmission spillover. This underscores need integrated genomic approaches better understand diseases. A comprehensive, spatially temporally explicit dataset, incorporating host-pathogen dynamics disease data, crucial improving assessments, enhancing surveillance, guiding interventions. Such a dataset (ArHa) would also support predictive modelling efforts aimed at mitigating future events. paper proposes development this unified database small-mammal hosts Arenaviruses identifying gaps current promoting more comprehensive understanding prevalence, risk, viral evolution.

Language: Английский

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One Health Ethics and the Ethics of Zoonoses: A Silent Call for Global Action

Veterinary Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 394 - 394

Published: Aug. 27, 2024

This paper presents a critical review of key issues related to the emergence new networks for spread zoonotic diseases amid mass extinction species. Zoonotic and infectious account approximately 70% existing affecting humans animals. The initial section argues that term "zoonoses" should not be confined single-cause events within veterinary medicine. Instead, zoonoses viewed as complex, systemic phenomena shaped by interrelated factors, including environmental, sociocultural, economic elements, influenced anthropogenic climate change. second bioethical principles potential strategies those engaged in disease prevention. third uses slaughter animals disaster settings case study illustrate need further clarification normative interspecies justice conflicts One Health ethics. concludes with an outlook on "zoonoethics". Section four develops analysis interlinked elements trigger examines antimicrobial resistance (AMR) from ethical political standpoint, concluding policy recommendations addressing AMR. five offers reflection, integrating contributions zoonoethics, human ecology, ecotheological turn. Finally, six call action inclusive, intercultural, gender-sensitive approach.

Language: Английский

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Zoonotic Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Zoonotic Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(4), P. 251 - 265

Published: Oct. 4, 2023

Frequent animal–human interactions in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) pose an increased risk for the transmission of zoonotic diseases. While there are sporadic reports diseases outbreaks SSA, a synthetic overview is necessary to better understand how sub-region impacted by these pathologies. We conducted systematic review studies SSA between 2000 and 2022. Quantitative including case reports/series from countries spanning West, Central, East, Southern that provided empirical data on occurrence humans with documented evidence animal origin were eligible inclusion. The 55 articles 82 total 28,934 human cases (pooled attack rate: 54.4 per 1000) 1182 deaths fatality 345.4 1000). Only 31 (37.8%) during ongoing outbreaks. identified highest rates (rickettsiosis, toxoplasmosis, Q-fever) CFR (Marburg, Ebola, leptospirosis), which should be prioritized surveillance response preparedness. Addressing threat requires strengthening health systems implementation one approach. Importantly, research encouraged epidemics fortify immediate strategies work toward preventing future

Language: Английский

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Mapping Bovine Tuberculosis in Colombia, 2001–2019

Veterinary Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 220 - 220

Published: May 15, 2024

Introduction: Bovine tuberculosis is a zoonotic disease of significant impact, particularly in countries where pastoral economy predominant. Despite its importance, few studies have analysed the disease’s behaviour Colombia, and none developed maps using geographic information systems (GIS) to characterise it; as such, we this study describe temporal–spatial distribution bovine Colombia over period 19 years. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study, based on reports by Colombian Agricultural Institute (ICA), surveillance cattle farms from 2001 2019 was carried out. The data were converted into databases Microsoft Access 365®, multiple epidemiological generated with QGIS® version 3.36 software coupled shape files all country’s departments. Results: During period, 5273 cases identified different departments (with mean 278 cases/year). Regarding temporal distribution, number varied maximum 903 (17.12% total) 2015 minimum 0 between 2004 2017 (between 2005 2016, 46 cases, 0.87%). Conclusions: GIS are essential for understanding temporospatial diseases case tuberculosis, potential implications Human One Health approaches.

Language: Английский

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