Calorie Restriction for Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Mechanisms, Expectations, and Efficacy

Journal of Cancer Prevention, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 224 - 236

Published: Dec. 30, 2021

Chiara Vidoni, Alessandra Ferraresi, Andrea Esposito, Chinmay Maheshwari, Danny N. Dhanasekaran, Vincenzo Mollace, Ciro Isidoro. J Cancer Prev 2021;26:224-36. https://doi.org/10.15430/JCP.2021.26.4.224

Language: Английский

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Metabolomics and the Multi-Omics View of Cancer

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 154 - 154

Published: Feb. 7, 2022

Cancer is widely regarded to be a genetic disease. Indeed, over the past five decades, genomic perspective on cancer has come almost completely dominate field. However, this genome-only view incomplete and tends portray as disease that highly heritable, driven by hundreds of complex interactions and, consequently, difficult prevent or treat. New evidence suggests not heritable purely once thought it really multi-omics As highlighted in review, genome, exposome, metabolome all play roles cancer's development manifestation. The data presented here show >90% cancers are initiated environmental exposures (the exposome) which lead cancer-inducing changes. resulting changes are, then, propagated through altered DNA proliferating cells genome). Finally, dividing nourished sustained genetically reprogrammed, cancer-specific metabolism metabolome). shown three "omes" initiating cancer. Likewise, interact closely, often providing feedback each other sustain enhance tumor development. Thanks metabolomics, these loops now much more evident their explaining hallmarks better understood. Importantly, holistic, portrays preventable, easier understand, potentially, far treatable.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Intermittent Fasting in the Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Narrative Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(21), P. 4655 - 4655

Published: Nov. 3, 2022

Intermittent fasting is a non-pharmacological dietary approach to management of obesity and metabolic syndrome, involving periodic intervals complete or near-complete abstinence from food energy-containing fluids. This strategy has recently gained significant popularity in mainstream culture been shown induce weight loss humans, reduce gut systemic inflammation, improve microbial diversity dysbiosis (largely animal models). It hypothesized that intermittent could be beneficial the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, given condition's association with obesity. review summarizes protocols, potential mechanisms action, evidence for disease. also highlights practical considerations implementing clinical practice. A search literature English-language articles related time-restricted feeding disease was completed PubMed Google Scholar. Potential action effects included modulation circadian rhythm, adipose tissue adipokines, microbiome, autophagy. Preclinical, epidemiological, trial data suggested benefits on inflammatory markers humans. However, there paucity its patients More studies are needed determine evaluate safety efficacy this population.

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic Fasting in Reducing Chemotherapy Side Effects in Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. 2666 - 2666

Published: June 8, 2023

The aim of this study was to assess the available evidence regarding effect a variety fasting-like regimens on preventing chemotherapy-related side effects. PubMed, Scopus and Embase were used select studies for review, which concluded 24 November 2022. All types clinical trials case series reporting chemotherapy toxicity associated with fasting any comparison considered. A total 283 records identified, 274 excluded, leaving only nine that met inclusion criteria. Five these randomized. Overall, moderate high-quality showed several did not provide benefits compared conventional diet or other comparators in reducing risk adverse events. overall pooled estimate regime when non-fasting, indicated no significant difference effects (RR = 1.10; 95% CI: 0.77-1.59;

Language: Английский

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Intermittent Fasting in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Critical Update of Available Studies

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 532 - 532

Published: Jan. 19, 2023

Breast cancer (BC) is the most-frequent malignancy amongst women, whereas obesity and excess caloric consumption increase risk for developing disease. The objective of this systematic review was to examine impact intermittent fasting (IF) on previously diagnosed BC patients, regarding quality life (QoL) scores during chemotherapy, chemotherapy-induced toxicity, radiological response recurrence, endocrine-related outcomes, as well IF-induced adverse effects in these populations. A comprehensive search conducted between 31 December 2010 October 2022, using PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, Web Science, Scopus databases. Two investigators independently performed abstract screenings, full-text data extraction, Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT) used evaluate selected studies. We screened 468 papers, 10 which were synthesis. All patients female adults whose age ranged 27 78 years. Participants all studies women with one following stages: I, II (HER2-/+), III IV, LUMINAL-A, LUMINAL-B (HER2-/+). Notably, IF chemotherapy found be feasible, safe able relieve cytotoxicity. seemed improve QoL through reduction fatigue, nausea headaches, however characterized low quality. reduce DNA damage augmented optimal glycemic regulation, improving serum glucose, insulin, IGF-1 concentrations. remarkable heterogeneity duration dietary patterns observed among available In conclusion, we failed identify any IF-related beneficial QoL, after or related symptoms, measures tumor recurrence patients. identified a potential effect based markers leukocyte damage; however, results derived from three require further validation. Further appropriate design larger sample sizes are warranted elucidate its standard incorporation daily clinical practice.

Language: Английский

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Silibinin, a potential fasting mimetic, inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma by triggering extrinsic apoptosis

MedComm, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Fasting, without inducing malnutrition, has been shown to have various beneficial effects, including the inhibition of tumor initiation and progression. However, prolonged fasting poses challenges for many cancer patients, particularly those in intermediate terminal stages. Thus, there is an urgent need development mimetics which harness protective effects but more suitable patients. In this study, we first highlighted pivotal role silibinin AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway may serve, as a potential mimetic via screening hepatoprotective drugs. Further metabolic analysis showed that inhibited adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, glucose uptake diminished glycolysis process, further confirmed served mimetic. addition, synergized with silibinin, or used independently, suppress growth hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) vivo. Mechanistically, upregulated death receptor 5 (DR5) through AMPK activation, thus promoting extrinsic apoptosis inhibiting HCC both vitro Inhibition using small interfering RNA (siRNA) compound C, inhibitor, significantly attenuated upregulation DR5 apoptotic response induced by silibinin. These findings suggest holds promise serve adjuvant drug treatment.

Language: Английский

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Effects of the periodic fasting-mimicking diet on health, lifespan, and multiple diseases: a narrative review and clinical implications

Nutrition Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

Abstract Dietary restriction and fasting have been recognized for their beneficial effects on health lifespan potential application in managing chronic metabolic diseases. However, long-term adherence to strict dietary restrictions prolonged poses challenges most individuals may lead unhealthy rebound eating habits, negatively affecting overall health. As a result, periodic fasting-mimicking diet (PFMD), involving cycles of 2 or more days while ensuring basic nutritional needs are met within restricted caloric intake, has gained widespread acceptance. Current research indicates that PFMD can promote stem cell regeneration, suppress inflammation, extend the span rodents, improve health, among other effects. In various disease populations such as patients with diabetes, cancer, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, shown efficacy alleviating symptoms improving relevant markers. After conducting an extensive analysis available PFMD, it is evident its advantages applications comparable methods. Consequently, proposed this review fully replace water-only very-low-energy regimens holds promise across

Language: Английский

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Fasting intervention and its clinical effects on the human host and microbiome

Journal of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 293(2), P. 166 - 183

Published: Oct. 22, 2022

Abstract Experimental trials in organisms ranging from yeast to humans have shown that various forms of reducing food intake (caloric restriction) appear increase both overall and healthy lifespan, delaying the onset disease slowing progression biomarkers aging. The gut microbiota is considered one key environmental factors strongly contributing regulation host health. Perturbations composition activity microbiome are thought be involved emergence multiple diseases. Indeed, many studies investigating been performed strong associations between specific microorganisms metabolic diseases including overweight, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus as well gastrointestinal disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, even cancer. Dietary interventions known reduce inflammation improve health potentiated by prior fasting. Inversely, birth weight differential oxidative phosphorylation response fasting implies epigenetic control some its effector pathways. There substantial evidence for efficacy improving insulin signaling blood glucose control, inflammation, conditions which, additionally, has identified a site risk protective factors. Accordingly, human microbiota, symbiont pathobiont roles, proposed impact mediate benefits could potentially affect these While results small‐N diverge, consistently enriches widely recognized anti‐inflammatory commensals such Faecalibacterium other short‐chain fatty acid producers, which likely mediates effects through immune system barrier function impact.

Language: Английский

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Overexpressed SIRT6 ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and potentiates the therapeutic efficacy through metabolic remodeling

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 2680 - 2700

Published: March 25, 2023

Since the utilization of anthracyclines in cancer therapy, severe cardiotoxicity has become a major obstacle. The challenge treating patients with is minimizing without compromising antitumor efficacy. Herein, histone deacetylase SIRT6 expression was reduced plasma treated anthracyclines-based chemotherapy regimens. Furthermore, overexpression alleviated doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity cardiomyocytes, and potentiated doxorubicin multiple cell lines. Moreover, ameliorated efficacy mice, suggesting that could be an adjunctive therapeutic strategy during treatment. Mechanistically, doxorubicin-impaired mitochondria led to decreased mitochondrial respiration ATP production. And enhanced biogenesis mitophagy by deacetylating inhibiting Sgk1. Thus, coordinated metabolic remodeling from glycolysis treatment, which more conducive cardiomyocyte metabolism, thus protecting cardiomyocytes but not cells against energy deficiency. In addition, ellagic acid, natural compound activates SIRT6, doxorubicin-mediated tumor regression tumor-bearing mice. These findings provide preclinical rationale for preventing activating undergoing chemotherapy, also advancing understanding crucial role homeostasis.

Language: Английский

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Metabolic vulnerabilities in cancer: A new therapeutic strategy

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 201, P. 104438 - 104438

Published: July 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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