The Future of Artificial Intelligence and Genetic Insights in Precision Cardiovascular Medicine: A Comprehensive Review DOI Creative Commons
Praveen Kumar Chandra Sekar, Ramakrishnan Veerabathiran

Cardiology Discovery, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

Abstract A medical condition called cardiovascular disease (CVD) affects the heart or blood vessels, and about 40% of its causes can be attributed to genetic factors. The pathophysiology CVD is still unknown despite numerous studies identifying important environmental Genetic data research has significantly increased due application genome-wide association studies. utilization artificial intelligence (AI) technology demonstrates clear advantages in managing intricate projects, outperforming traditional statistical methods processing such data. use AI status on medicine briefly reviewed opening section this article. Then, it gives a complete picture how used research, including data-driven diagnosis prognosis, variation analysis, gene expression profiles, interactions, analysis genes using knowledge bases. Even though much yielded significant findings, early. main disadvantages are database limitations, underuse systematic biology lack theoretical framework for interpreting results. paper concludes with future directions significance creating comprehensive, high-quality, large-sample-size data-sharing resources. Much going into techniques help development. Being creative computers make new intervention protocols develop test models.

Language: Английский

Artificial intelligence for cardiovascular disease risk assessment in personalised framework: a scoping review DOI

Manasvi Singh,

Ashish Kumar,

Narendra N. Khanna

et al.

EClinicalMedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 73, P. 102660 - 102660

Published: May 27, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

28
UltraAIGenomics: Artificial Intelligence-Based Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment by Fusion of Ultrasound-Based Radiomics and Genomics Features for Preventive, Personalized and Precision Medicine: A Narrative Review DOI Creative Commons
Luca Saba, Mahesh Maindarkar, Amer M. Johri

et al.

Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5)

Published: May 22, 2024

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) diagnosis and treatment are challenging since symptoms appear late in the disease’s progression. Despite clinical risk scores, cardiac event prediction is inadequate, many at-risk patients not adequately categorised by conventional factors alone. Integrating genomic-based biomarkers (GBBM), specifically those found plasma and/or serum samples, along with novel non-invasive radiomic-based (RBBM) such as plaque area burden can improve overall specificity of CVD risk. This review proposes two hypotheses: (i) RBBM GBBM have a strong correlation be used to detect severity stroke precisely, (ii) introduces proposed artificial intelligence (AI)—based preventive, precision, personalized (aiP3) CVD/Stroke model. The PRISMA search selected 246 studies for It showed that using biomarkers, deep learning (DL) modelscould stratification aiP3 framework. Furthermore, we present concise overview platelet function, complete blood count (CBC), diagnostic methods. As part AI paradigm, discuss explainability, pruning, bias, benchmarking against previous their potential impacts. integration GBBM, an innovative solution streamlined DL paradigm predicting combination powerful assessment paradigm. model signifies promising advancement assessment.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Artificial intelligence-based cardiovascular/stroke risk stratification in women affected by autoimmune disorders: a narrative survey DOI
Ekta Tiwari, Deepti D. Shrimankar, Mahesh Maindarkar

et al.

Rheumatology International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 45(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Application of artificial intelligence in big data management DOI
Mahesh Maindarkar

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 145 - 155

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Transformer and Attention-Based Architectures for Segmentation of Coronary Arterial Walls in Intravascular Ultrasound: A Narrative Review DOI Creative Commons

Vandana Kumari,

Alok Katiyar,

Mrinalini Bhagawati

et al.

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(7), P. 848 - 848

Published: March 26, 2025

Background: The leading global cause of death is coronary artery disease (CAD), necessitating early and precise diagnosis. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) a sophisticated imaging technique that provides detailed visualization arteries. However, the methods for segmenting walls in IVUS scan into internal wall structures quantifying plaque are still evolving. This study explores use transformers attention-based models to improve diagnostic accuracy segmentation scans. Thus, objective explore application transformer scans assess their inherent biases artificial intelligence systems improving accuracy. Methods: By employing Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework, we pinpointed examined top strategies using transformer-based techniques, assessing traits, scientific soundness, clinical relevancy. Coronary thickness determined by boundaries (inner: lumen-intima outer: media-adventitia) through cross-sectional Additionally, it first investigate deep learning (DL) associated with segmentation. Finally, incorporates explainable AI (XAI) concepts DL structure Findings: Because its capacity automatically extract features at numerous scales encoders, rebuild segmented pictures via decoders, fuse variations skip connections, UNet model stands out as an efficient Conclusions: investigation underscores deficiency incentives embracing XAI pruned (PAI) models, no attaining bias-free configuration. Shifting from theoretical practical usage crucial bolstering evaluation deployment.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases and Cardiovascular Risk: Current Insights and Future Strategies for Optimal Management DOI Open Access
Stefano Cacciatore, Silvia Andaloro, Marco Bernardi

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(7), P. 3071 - 3071

Published: March 27, 2025

Chronic inflammation is a pivotal driver in the progression of atherosclerosis, significantly contributing to burden cardiovascular disease (CVD). Patients with chronic inflammatory diseases, such as bowel diseases (IBDs) (e.g., ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease), rheumatological disorders, well individuals auto-immune (such systemic lupus erythematosus), present higher risk major adverse cardiac events (MACEs). Despite their elevated CVD risk, these populations remain underrepresented research, leading critical underestimation (CVR) clinical practice. Furthermore, even recent CVR scores poorly predict specific populations. This narrative review examines physiopathological mechanisms linking inflammation, immunomodulation, thrombosis events. We data from epidemiological studies trials explore potential benefits anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory therapies. existing evidence, significant gaps knowledge remain. Future research mandatory, focusing on innovative strategies for stratification optimization, including lipidomics, proteomics, advanced markers, microbiota profiling, imaging. Addressing unmet needs will enhance understanding enabling tailored interventions better outcomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Polygenic risk scores in kidney transplantation DOI
Kíra Jelencsics, Rainer Oberbauer

Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 2, 2025

Estimation of genetic risk is crucial for understanding heritable diseases but also transplant outcomes. Polygenic scores (PRSs) are constructed from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summing an individual's alleles weighted by their effect size. Introducing PRSs into medicine may improve predictions outcomes such as rejection, graft loss or death. This review recent publications highlights the additional variability in explained beyond established clinical models. Four on transplantation have examined acute changes posttransplant estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and diabetes mellitus (PTDM) explored role donor polygenic burden cerebrovascular traits. been showing utility predicting PTDM [adjusted odds ratio (OR):1.48 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06, 2.08]. A PRS based a non-HLA alloimmunity GWAS rejection hazard (HR): 1.54, 95% CI: 1.07, 2.22]. Donor hypertension traits correlated with lower recipient eGFR (HR: 1.44, 1.93). Genetic variation was linked to long-term kidney function, though variables greater proportion (0.3% vs. 32%). Currently, modestly enhance outcome prediction when added With more biologically selection variants, gain value assessment.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Integrating Polygenic Risk Scores (PRS) for Personalized Diabetes Care: Advancing Clinical Practice with Tailored Pharmacological Approaches DOI Creative Commons

Omna Singh,

Madhur Verma,

Nikita Dahiya

et al.

Diabetes Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 17, 2024

The rising global prevalence of diabetes poses a serious threat to public health, national economies, and the healthcare system. Despite high degree disease heterogeneity advancing techniques, there is still an unclear diagnosis patients with compounded by array long-term microvascular macrovascular complications associated disease. In addition environmental variables, susceptibility significantly influenced genetic components. risk stratification genetically predisposed individuals may play important role in management. Precision medicine methods are crucial reducing this burden delivering more personalised patient-centric approach. Compared European population, variants type 2 mellitus (T2DM) not fully understood other major populations, including South Asians, Latinos, people African descent. Polygenic scores (PRS) can be used identify who susceptible complex diseases such as diabetes. PRS selective effective developing novel diagnostic interventions. This comprehensive predictive approach facilitates understanding distinct response profiles, resulting development management strategies. targeted implementation especially advantageous for fall into higher-risk category Through early assessment creation individualised treatment plans, integration clinical practice shows potential its complications. Diabetes self-management depends on patient empowerment, behavioural monitoring emerging vital facilitator. main aim review article formulate structured intervention strategy advocating increased awareness utility counseling among practitioners, patients, at

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Optimizing Cardiovascular Health: A Comprehensive Review of Risk Assessment Strategies for Primary Prevention DOI Open Access

Vineet Karwa,

Anil Wanjari, Sunil Kumar

et al.

Cureus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 6, 2024

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading global health concern, and effective primary prevention strategies are essential to mitigate its impact. This comprehensive review examines current risk assessment for of CVD, emphasizing the importance early identification intervention reduce incidence. Traditional factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, lifestyle choices discussed alongside emerging factors, including genetic predispositions biomarkers. The evaluates various tools models, Framingham score, atherosclerotic CVD calculator, QRISK, Reynolds highlighting their methodologies, strengths, limitations. Additionally, explores modifications, dietary changes, physical activity, weight management, smoking cessation, pharmacological interventions like statins antihypertensives. Special considerations different populations, elderly, women, those with family history addressed. Future directions in cardiovascular also discussed, focusing on technological advancements personalized medicine. aims enhance implementation measures improve outcomes by providing thorough analysis strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The Future of Artificial Intelligence and Genetic Insights in Precision Cardiovascular Medicine: A Comprehensive Review DOI Creative Commons
Praveen Kumar Chandra Sekar, Ramakrishnan Veerabathiran

Cardiology Discovery, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

Abstract A medical condition called cardiovascular disease (CVD) affects the heart or blood vessels, and about 40% of its causes can be attributed to genetic factors. The pathophysiology CVD is still unknown despite numerous studies identifying important environmental Genetic data research has significantly increased due application genome-wide association studies. utilization artificial intelligence (AI) technology demonstrates clear advantages in managing intricate projects, outperforming traditional statistical methods processing such data. use AI status on medicine briefly reviewed opening section this article. Then, it gives a complete picture how used research, including data-driven diagnosis prognosis, variation analysis, gene expression profiles, interactions, analysis genes using knowledge bases. Even though much yielded significant findings, early. main disadvantages are database limitations, underuse systematic biology lack theoretical framework for interpreting results. paper concludes with future directions significance creating comprehensive, high-quality, large-sample-size data-sharing resources. Much going into techniques help development. Being creative computers make new intervention protocols develop test models.

Language: Английский

Citations

0