Principles for coral reef restoration in the anthropocene

One Earth, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(6), P. 656 - 665

Published: June 1, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Applying coral breeding to reef restoration: best practices, knowledge gaps, and priority actions in a rapidly evolving field

Restoration Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(7)

Published: April 3, 2023

Reversing coral reef decline requires reducing environmental threats while actively restoring ecological structure and function. A promising restoration approach uses breeding to boost natural recruitment repopulate reefs with genetically diverse communities. Recent advances in predicting spawning, capturing spawn, culturing larvae, rearing settlers have enabled the successful propagation, settlement, outplanting of offspring all world's major regions. Nevertheless, efforts frequently yield low survival, reflecting type III survivorship curve corals poor condition most targeted for restoration. Furthermore, programs are still limited spatial scale species diversity. Here, we highlight four priority areas research cooperative innovation increase effectiveness restoration: (1) expanding number sites species, (2) improving broodstock selection maximize genetic diversity adaptive capacity restored populations, (3) enhancing culture conditions improve health before after outplanting, (4) scaling up infrastructure technologies large‐scale Prioritizing these will enable practitioners address at relevant scales, re‐establish self‐sustaining ensure long‐term success interventions. Overall, aim guide community toward actions opportunities that can rapid technical larval breeding, foster interdisciplinary collaborations, ultimately achieve reefs.

Language: Английский

---

Six priorities to advance the science and practice of coral reef restoration worldwide

Restoration Ecology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 29(8)

Published: Sept. 20, 2021

Coral reef restoration is a rapidly growing movement galvanized by the accelerating degradation of world's tropical coral reefs. The need for concerted and collaborative action focused on recovery ecosystems coalesced in creation Restoration Consortium (CRC) 2017. In March 2020, CRC leadership team met biennial review international efforts discussion perceived knowledge implementation bottlenecks that may impair scalability efficacy. Herein we present six priorities wherein will foster scientific advancement collaboration to: (1) increase efficiency, focusing scale cost‐effectiveness deployment; (2) up larval‐based efforts, emphasizing recruit health, growth, survival; (3) ensure threatened species proceeds within population‐genetics management context; (4) support holistic approach to ecosystem restoration; (5) develop promote use standardized terms metrics (6) practitioners working diverse geographic locations. These are not exhaustive nor do imply accomplishing these tasks alone be sufficient restore reefs globally; rather topics where feel community practice can make timely significant contributions facilitate growth as practical conservation strategy. goal collective actions provide tangible, local‐scale advancements condition offset declines resulting from local global stressors including climate change.

Language: Английский

---

Avenues of reef-building coral acclimatization in response to rapid environmental change

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 224(Suppl_1)

Published: Feb. 15, 2021

ABSTRACT The swiftly changing climate presents a challenge to organismal fitness by creating mismatch between the current environment and phenotypes adapted historic conditions. Acclimatory mechanisms may be especially crucial for sessile benthic marine taxa, such as reef-building corals, where change factors including ocean acidification increasing temperature elicit strong negative physiological responses bleaching, disease mortality. Here, within context of multiple stressors threatening organisms, I describe wealth metaorganism response rapid ontogenetic shifts in organism interactions with that can generate plasticity. then highlight need consider evolutionary an adaptive (epi)genetic continuum. Building on definitions these continuum, also present how interplay microbiome, epigenetics parental effects creates additional avenues acclimatization. To under what conditions epigenetic inheritance has more substantial role, propose investigation into offset timing gametogenesis leading different environmental integration times eggs sperm consequences this gamete compatibility. Collectively, non-genetic, yet heritable phenotypic plasticity will have significant ecological implications persistence change. As such, corals ideal time-sensitive models further development our understanding feedback loops multi-player

Language: Английский

---

Coral restoration and adaptation in Australia: The first five years

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(11), P. e0273325 - e0273325

Published: Nov. 30, 2022

While coral reefs in Australia have historically been a showcase of conventional management informed by research, recent declines cover triggered efforts to innovate and integrate intervention restoration actions into frameworks. Here we outline the multi-faceted approaches that developed since 2017, from newly implemented in-water programs, research enhance resilience investigations socio-economic perspectives on goals. We describe projects using gardening, substrate stabilisation, repositioning, macro-algae removal, larval-based techniques. Three areas focus are also presented illustrate breadth Australian restoration, (1) transdisciplinary Reef Restoration Adaptation Program (RRAP), one world’s largest development programs focused reefs, (2) interventions performance under climate change, (3) socio-cultural perspectives. Together, these reflect an increasing urgency for action confront reef crisis, develop new additional tools manage consequent increase funding opportunities appetite implementation. The rapid progress trialling deploying builds decades overseas experience, advances showing positive signs can be valuable tool improve at local scales (i.e., high early survival rates across variety methods species, strong community engagement with stakeholders). RRAP is creating help multiple scales, micro targeting small within specific site) large core ecosystem function social-economic values select sites Great Barrier Reef) resist, adapt recover impacts change. None aim single-handedly restore entirety Reef, nor do they negate importance urgent change mitigation action.

Language: Английский

---

Shifting the microbiome of a coral holobiont and improving host physiology by inoculation with a potentially beneficial bacterial consortium

BMC Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: April 28, 2021

Abstract Background The coral microbiome plays a key role in host health by being involved energy metabolism, nutrient cycling, and immune system formation. Inoculating with beneficial bacterial consortia may enhance the ability of this to cope complex changing marine environments. In study, Pocillopora damicornis was inoculated microorganisms for corals (BMC) consortium investigate how its associated microbial community would respond. Results High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed no significant differences α-diversity. However, structure differed significantly between BMC placebo groups at end experiment. Addition increased relative abundance potentially bacteria, including genera Mameliella Endozoicomonas . Energy reserves calcification rates were also improved addition consortium. Co-occurrence network analysis indicated that inoculation exogenous physiological status shifting coral-associated structure. Conclusions Manipulating physiology normal aquarium conditions (no stress applied), which hypothetically contribute resilience resistance host.

Language: Английский

---

An Indo-Pacific coral spawning database

Scientific Data, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Jan. 29, 2021

Abstract The discovery of multi-species synchronous spawning scleractinian corals on the Great Barrier Reef in 1980s stimulated an extraordinary effort to document times other parts globe. Unfortunately, most these data remain unpublished which limits our understanding regional and global reproductive patterns. Coral Spawning Database (CSD) collates much disparate into a single place. CSD includes 6178 observations (3085 were unpublished) time or day for over 300 species 61 genera from 101 sites Indo-Pacific. goal is provide open access coral accelerate biology baseline against evaluate any future changes phenology.

Language: Английский

---

Emerging 3D technologies for future reformation of coral reefs: Enhancing biodiversity using biomimetic structures based on designs by nature

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 830, P. 154749 - 154749

Published: March 23, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Horizon scan of rapidly advancing coral restoration approaches for 21st century reef management

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 125 - 136

Published: Feb. 4, 2022

Coral reef restoration activity is accelerating worldwide in efforts to offset the rate of health declines. Many advances have already been made practices centred on coral biology (coral restoration), and particularly those that look employ high adaptive state capacity corals order ensure rebuilding biomass also equip reefs with enhanced resilience future stress. We horizon scan state-of-play for many innovations underway across complex life cycle spans both asexual sexual reproduction — assisted evolution (manipulations targeted host host-associated microbes), biobanking, as well scalable propagation planting how these are different stages maturity support new 21st century management frameworks. Realising potential tools aids undoubtedly rests validating approaches their application continues scale. Whilst ecosystem service responses increased scaling still largely remain be seen, has delivered immense understanding coral-associated microbial long lagged behind other sciences.

Language: Английский

---

The potential for coral reef restoration to mitigate coastal flooding as sea levels rise

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 21, 2023

Abstract The ability of reefs to protect coastlines from storm-driven flooding hinges on their capacity keep pace with sea-level rise. Here, we show how and whether coral restoration could achieve the often-cited goal reversing impacts coral-reef degradation preserve this essential function. We combined coral-growth measurements carbonate-budget assessments reef-accretion potential at Buck Island Reef, U.S. Virgin Islands, hydrodynamic modeling quantify future coastal under various coral-restoration, rise, storm scenarios. Our results provide guidance Acropora palmata , if successful, mitigate most extreme by projected trajectories reef erosion allowing ~0.5 m rise expected 2100 moderate carbon-emissions reductions. This highlights long-term benefits pursuing alongside climate-change mitigation support persistence ecosystem services.

Language: Английский

---