Proteoglycans and Hyaluronan in Normal and Aberrant Lung Development

Proteoglycan Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3(2)

Published: April 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Lung development is a tightly regulated process that progresses through five distinct stages: embryonic, pseudoglandular, canalicular, saccular, and alveolar. Each stage characterized by coordinated cellular interactions structural changes driven signals from epithelial, endothelial, mesenchymal cells. The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays pivotal role in this process, acting as both scaffold dynamic regulator of cell behavior. Key ECM components, including collagens, elastin, proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, provide the framework for tissue integrity while modulating critical signaling pathways essential lung branching morphogenesis, alveolar formation, vascular development. Disruptions dynamics are associated with pathological conditions such bronchopulmonary dysplasia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, fibrosis. In these diseases, aberrant remodeling leads to stiffening, scarring, impaired function. storing regulating activity growth factors, FGFs VEGFs, thereby shaping proliferation, differentiation, repair processes. Understanding complex interplay between components during normal provides valuable insights into therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring This review explores multifaceted roles proteoglycans hyaluronan emphasizing its impact on architecture, environments,

Language: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 infection induces hyaluronan production in vitro and hyaluronan levels in COVID-19 patients relate to morbidity and long-term lung impairment: a prospective cohort study

mBio, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 20, 2024

ABSTRACT We previously demonstrated that the lungs of deceased COVID-19 patients were filled with a clear hydrogel consisting hyaluronan (HA). In this translational study, we investigated role HA at all stages disease to map consequences elevated on morbidity and identify mechanism severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-induced production. A reduced alveolar surface area was observed in compared healthy controls, as visualized by 3D rendering lung morphology using light-sheet fluorescence microscopy. confirmed presence biopsies found large quantities proinflammatory fragmented HA. The association systemic blood plasma severity assessed mild (WHO Clinical Progression Scale, WHO-CPS, 1–5) (WHO-CPS, 6–9) during convalescent phases related function. levels high disease, remained convalescence, associated diffusion capacity. vitro 3D-lung models, differentiated from primary human bronchial epithelial cells, used study effects SARS-CoV-2 infection metabolism, transcriptomic analyses revealed dysregulation synthases hyaluronidases, both contributing increased apical secretions. Furthermore, corticosteroid treatment inflammation downregulated synthases. Our findings demonstrate plays sustained concentrations may contribute long-term impairment. IMPORTANCE This provides insights into (HA) impact Through extensive morphological examination tissues multicenter identified are significantly patients, correlating capacity convalescence. Using model, further uncovered how (SARS-CoV-2 causes dysregulated leading provide valuable pathogenesis suggest targeting metabolism could offer new therapeutic avenues for managing COVID-19, particularly prevent Additionally, holds potential biomarker predicting severity, which guide personalized strategies.

Language: Английский

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Role Of Acute Vascular Distress Syndrome In The Development Of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome In Sars-Cov-2 And Modern Views On The Research And Treatment Of Critical Coronavirus

Special journal of the Medical Academy and other Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(4)

Published: May 22, 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has highlighted the complex pathology of virus, which extends beyond respiratory symptoms to include multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS). This review explores role Acute Vascular Distress Syndrome (AVDS) in development MIS both adults (MIS-A) and children (MIS-C), providing a comprehensive overview modern research treatment approaches for severe coronavirus infections. Methods Materials: synthesizes findings from multiple studies clinical reports analyze mechanisms SARS-CoV-2 induces AVDS subsequently MIS. Key materials molecular cellular data, case studies, protocols. Diagnostic tools such as PCR serological testing, well various biomarkers like neurofilament light chain galectin-3, are discussed elucidate their roles identifying managing cases. Results: interaction between host endothelial cells, mediated ACE2 receptors, triggers cascade responses leading AVDS. is characterized dysfunction, cytokine storms, mitochondrial distress, collectively contribute pathogenesis Clinical evidence indicates that critical factor severity COVID-19, with widespread implications organ systems, including central peripheral nervous systems. Conclusion: Understanding offers valuable insights into pathophysiology COVID-19. Effective management requires multifaceted approach, combining antiviral therapies, immunomodulators, supportive treatments extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Future should focus on targeted therapies mitigate damage improve patient outcomes

Language: Английский

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High level of RNA HAS2-AS1 in the buffy coat of a patient blood sample is a more informative prognostic marker of COVID-19 clinical course compared to the level of hyaluronic acid in plasma

The Ukrainian Biochemical Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 96(4), P. 62 - 68

Published: Sept. 3, 2024

Numerous studies have confirmed the association of COVID-19 clinical course with blood levels hyaluronic acid and long non-coding RNA HAS2-AS1 as a positive regulator hyaluronan synthase. We aimed to estimate both level in plasma leukocytes (buffy coat) from same sample at time patient admission hospital analyze specificity these indicators biomarkers severity. The study involved 78 patients who underwent treatment between 2020 2021 Kyiv City Clinical Hospital N 4. were divided into three groups based on severity disease classified mild (n = 12), moderate 36), severe 30). was determined using Hyaluronic Acid ELISA kit “Abcam” (USA). buffy coat isolated by centrifugation stabilized EDTA-K further aspiration leukocyte “cloud”. expression estimated reverse transcription real-time PCR. According obtained data, illness 1.5 2.2 times higher compared group, respectively. Meanwhile, lymphocytes increased 7.7 22.6 illness. results our demonstrate that, unlike plasma, is more reliable prognostic criterion for allows distinguishing varying during hospitalization. Keywords: coat, COVID-19, acid, leukocytes,

Language: Английский

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Diagnostic Usefulness of Serum Hyaluronic Acid in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(23), P. 7471 - 7471

Published: Dec. 8, 2024

The aim of our study is to comprehensively assess the diagnostic usefulness serum hyaluronic acid (HA) determination in COVID-19 patients.

Language: Английский

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