Discovery, structural characteristics and evolutionary analyses of functional domains in Acinetobacter baumannii phage tail fiber/spike proteins

BMC Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

Abstract Background The global rise in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections poses a significant healthcare challenge. Bacteriophage offer promising alternative to antibiotics for treating A. infections. Phage tail fiber and spike proteins are essential host recognition, with some exhibiting depolymerase activity that aids degrading the bacterial cell wall, facilitating infection. Detailed studies of functional domains responsible receptor-binding phage fiber/spike crucial step toward developing effective treatments. Results A total 32 were identified across 313 from 204 publicly available phages using InterPro AlphaFold3. Domains associated function Pectin lyase-like domain (PLD), phage_tailspike_middle (PTMD), Transglycosidases (TGD), SGNH hydrolase (SHD). These primarily found Autographiviridae family, specifically within Friunavirus genus. predominant PLD displayed high variability, its sequence conserved only 25-amino-acid region among two closely related protein lineages. All enzymatic exhibit diversity yet retain structural stability, which is function. As domains, four types pyocin_knob (PKD) initially identified, characterized by unique β-sheet α-helix configurations. Each type PKD exhibited distinct potential sites, located region, was Obolenskvirus genus, as well Straboviridae families. G3DSA:2.60.40.3940 domain, minor variations, predominantly Additionally, novel Obo-β-sandwich structure, discovered genus cluster. these accounts their interactions various receptors. Conclusions This research deepens understanding relationship between genera proteins, emphasizing compatibility characteristics roles. data obtained could serve reference targeted modification or enhancing therapeutic applications.

Language: Английский

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Characterization of a novel lytic phage vB_AbaM_AB4P2 encoding depolymerase and its application in eliminating biofilms formed by Acinetobacter baumannii

BMC Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: March 8, 2025

Acinetobacter baumannii strains are a primary cause of hospital-acquired infections. This bacterium frequently causes biofilm-related infections, notably ventilator-associated pneumonia and catheter-related which exhibit remarkable resistance to antibiotic treatment, posing severe challenge in the prevention A. Therefore, strategies eliminate biofilm catheters becoming increasingly important. Phages capable lysing bacteria have certain effect on ablation biofilms. Sewage treatment plant water was collected for isolation phages. The morphological, host range, one-step growth, temperature pH stability, bactericidal activity, sequencing genomic analysis were performed characterize isolated phage. three-dimensional structure tail fiber protein predicted by AlphaFold3. efficacy phage clearing biofilms from 24-well plates PVC also evaluated. In this study, lytic vB_AbaM_AB4P2 sewage water, showing clear plaque with halo zone. One-step growth assays unveiled 20-minute latent period burst size 61 forming unit/cell (PFU/cell). At same time, AB4P2 exhibited stability at 3–11 temperatures 30–70 °C. Its dsDNA genome is composed 45,680 bp G + C content 46.13%. Genomic phylogenetic situated as new species Caudoviricetes class. possesses pectin lyase-like domain that linked depolymerase playing crucial role disrupting Additionally, it encodes lysis cassette comprising endolysin, holin Rz-like spanin, yet lacks any genes responsible virulence factors. Phage can completely inhibit 16 h. plate polyvinyl chloride (PVC) catheter model experiments, achieved significant rate effectively killed live bacterial cells biofilm. had good environmental strong ability destroy formed baumannii. It exhibits promising potential development an alternative disinfectant against hospital. Not applicable.

Language: Английский

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Harnessing the Activity of Lytic Bacteriophages to Foster the Sustainable Development Goals and the “One Health” Strategy

Viruses, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 549 - 549

Published: April 9, 2025

As bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that infect and destroy bacterial cells, they can be considered natural bactericides either directly or indirectly contribute to the achievement of United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs) on health well-being, food production security, as well environmental protection climate change mitigation, thus contributing success European “One Health” strategy combat antimicrobial resistance in humans, animals, plants, environment. The biological activity lytic operate fields microbiology biotechnology for clinical, veterinary, agricultural, industrial applications, among others, achieve proposed goals, mainly because phages help increase crop productivity by reducing diseases; constitute alternative therapies against infections caused multidrug-resistant bacteria; reduce populations pathogenic bacteria contaminate soil water, therefore ensuring healthier safer production; pollution presence agrochemicals antibiotics. Phage-based developed through research innovation have potential promote greater global security a more environmentally friendly eco-sustainable way.

Language: Английский

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Colistin Resistance Mechanism and Management Strategies of Colistin-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infections

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 1049 - 1049

Published: Nov. 28, 2024

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is a pressing threat in clinical settings. Colistin currently widely used treatment for multidrug-resistant A. baumannii, serving as the last line defense. However, reports colistin-resistant strains have emerged, underscoring urgent need to develop alternative medications combat these serious pathogens. To resist colistin, has developed several mechanisms. These include loss outer membrane lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) due mutation LPS biosynthetic genes, modification lipid A (a constituent LPSs) structure through addition phosphoethanolamine (PEtN) moieties component by overexpression chromosomal pmrCAB operon genes and eptA gene, or acquisition plasmid-encoded mcr horizontal gene transfer. Other resistance mechanisms involve alterations permeability porins, expulsion colistin efflux pumps, heteroresistance. In response rising researchers various strategies, including antibiotic combination therapy, adjuvants potentiate activity, repurposing existing drugs, antimicrobial peptides, nanotechnology, photodynamic CRISPR/Cas, phage therapy. While many strategies shown promise vitro vivo, further trials are necessary ensure their efficacy widen applications. Ongoing research essential identifying most effective therapeutic manage baumannii. This review explores genetic underlying assesses potential options this challenging pathogen.

Language: Английский

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