The Role of Adipokines in Inflammatory Mechanisms of Obesity

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(23), P. 14982 - 14982

Published: Nov. 29, 2022

Adipokines are currently widely studied cellular signaling proteins produced by adipose tissue and involved in various processes, including inflammation; energy appetite modulation; lipid glucose metabolism; insulin sensitivity; endothelial cell functioning; angiogenesis; the regulation of blood pressure; hemostasis. The current review attempted to highlight key functions adipokines inflammatory mechanisms obesity, its complications, associated diseases. An extensive search for materials on role pathogenesis obesity was conducted online using PubMed Scopus databases until October 2022.

Language: Английский

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The Related Metabolic Diseases and Treatments of Obesity

Healthcare, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(9), P. 1616 - 1616

Published: Aug. 25, 2022

Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by the abnormal or excessive accumulation of body fat, affecting more than 1 billion people worldwide. commonly associated with other metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular diseases, kidney and cancers. Factors sedentary lifestyle, overnutrition, socioeconomic status, environmental genetic conditions can cause obesity. Many molecules signaling pathways are involved in pathogenesis obesity, nuclear factor (NF)-κB, Toll-like receptors (TLRs), adhesion molecules, G protein-coupled (GPCRs), programmed cell death (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand (PD-L1), sirtuin (SIRT1). Commonly used strategies obesity management treatment include exercise dietary change restriction for early stage bariatric surgery server Food Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medicines semaglutide liraglutide that be monotherapy synergistic treatment. In addition, psychological management, especially patients distress, good option. Gut microbiota plays an important role its comorbidities, gut microbial reprogramming fecal transplantation (FMT), probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics shows promising potential syndrome. clinical trials ongoing to evaluate therapeutic effects different treatments. Currently, prevention best options prevent progression many comorbidities.

Language: Английский

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Health Benefits of Prebiotics, Probiotics, Synbiotics, and Postbiotics

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(22), P. 3955 - 3955

Published: Nov. 19, 2024

The trillions of microbes that constitute the human gut microbiome play a crucial role in digestive health, immune response regulation, and psychological wellness. Maintaining microbiota is essential as metabolic diseases are associated with it. Functional food ingredients potentially improving health include prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics (PPSPs). While probiotics living bacteria provide advantages when ingested sufficiently, prebiotics non-digestible carbohydrates support good bacteria. Synbiotics work together to improve immunity intestinal by combining prebiotics. Postbiotics have also demonstrated numerous advantages, such bioactive molecules created during probiotic fermentation. According recent study, PPSPs can regulate synthesis metabolites, integrity barrier, change composition control illnesses. Additionally, use fecal transplantation (FMT) highlights potential for restoring through modulation, reinforcing benefits enhancing overall well-being. Research has shown several benefits, improved immunological function, alleviation symptoms irritable bowel disease (IBD), decreased severity allergies, antibacterial anti-inflammatory effects. Despite encouraging results, many unanswered questions remain about scope PPSPs' advantages. Extensive research required fully realize these functional components Effective therapeutic prophylactic measures require further investigation into roles PPSPs, specifically their immune-system-modulating, cholesterol-lowering, antioxidant, characteristics.

Language: Английский

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Advancements in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum : probiotic characteristics, gene editing technologies and applications

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 22

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

The exploration of microorganisms in fermented products has become a pivotal area scientific research, primarily due to their widespread availability and profound potential improve human health. Among these, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (formerly known as Lactobacillus plantarum) stands out versatile lactic acid bacterium, prevalent across diverse ecological niches. Its appeal extends beyond its well-documented probiotic benefits include the remarkable plasticity genome, which captivated both industrial stakeholders. Despite this interest, substantial challenges persist fully understanding harnessing L. plantarum. This review aims illuminate attributes plantarum, consolidate current advancements gene editing technologies, explore multifaceted applications wild-type genetically engineered strains.

Language: Английский

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Malnutrition and Its Influence on Gut sIgA–Microbiota Dynamics

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 179 - 179

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

In the current era, malnutrition is seen as both undernutrition and overweight obesity; conditions are caused by nutrient deficiency or excess improper use imbalance in intake of macro micronutrients. Recent evidence suggests that alters intestinal microbiota, known dysbiosis. Secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) plays an important role maintaining increasing beneficial microbiota populations protecting against pathogenic species. Depletion bacterial throughout life also conditioned malnutrition. This review aims to synthesize establishes interrelationship between diet, malnutrition, changes flora, sIgA levels. Targeted nutritional therapies combined with prebiotic, probiotic, postbiotic administration can restore immune response intestine host’s homeostasis.

Language: Английский

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Impact of probiotics on muscle mass, muscle strength and lean mass: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 30 - 44

Published: Nov. 22, 2022

Abstract Probiotics have shown potential to counteract sarcopenia, although the extent which they can influence domains of sarcopenia such as muscle mass and strength in humans is unclear. The aim this systematic review meta‐analysis was explore impact probiotic supplementation on mass, total lean human adults. A literature search randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted through PubMed, Scopus, Web Science Cochrane Library from inception until June 2022. Eligible RCTs compared effect versus placebo global (composite score all outcomes) adults (>18 years). To evaluate differences between groups, a using random effects inverse‐variance model by utilizing standardized mean differences. Twenty‐four studies were included exploring probiotics strength. Our main analysis ( k = 10) revealed that improved following with (SMD: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.10–0.74, I 2 57%, P 0.009), no changes relation 12; SMD: ‐0.03, −0.19 – 0.13, 0%, 0.69). Interestingly, significant increase also observed among six 0.69, 0.33–1.06, 64%, 0.0002). Probiotic enhances both strength; however, beneficial mass. Investigating physiological mechanisms underpinning different ageing groups elucidating appropriate strains for optimal gains are warranted.

Language: Английский

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Divergent roles of functional foods on anthropometric indices and gut microbiota in overweight and obese individuals: Insilico approaches and multi-omics insights

Trends in Food Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 104876 - 104876

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Efficacy of probiotic supplements in the treatment of sarcopenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. e0317699 - e0317699

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Although some studies have confirmed the efficacy of probiotics in treatment sarcopenia, intervention sarcopenia is a comprehensive consideration many factors, and still controversial. Therefore, this study systematically evaluated via high—quality meta—analysis, providing basis for clinical diagnosis sarcopenia. Randomized controlled trials related to were searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library Web Science. The search time was from inception 2024-07-17. Two investigators independently screened articles, extracted data, assessed risk bias included studies. Meta-analysis performed using RevMan 5.4 Stata 14.0 software. A total 22 eligible included. results showed that there no statistically significant difference between placebo improving muscle mass Lean body patients; MD: 0.66, 95%CI: - 0.01–1.33; Z = 1.93, P > 0.05; 0.13, -0.81–0.55; 0.38, 0.71 0.05. However, found significantly improve overall strength compared with group. 2.99, 2.14–3.85; 6.86, < 0.001. Probiotics can global patients It suggested certain value but may be limited by number quality above conclusions need verified more high-quality

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota and obesity: New insights

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Oct. 14, 2022

Obesity is a pathology whose incidence increasing throughout the world. There are many pathologies associated with obesity. In recent years, influence of microbiota on both health and pathological states has been known. growing information related to changes in microbiome obesity, as well its pathologies. Changes age, exercise, weight have described. addition, metabolic microbiota, bariatric surgery, fecal matter transplantation this review, we summarize biology physiology obese patients, role pathophysiology several disorders associated, emerging therapeutic applications prebiotics, probiotics, transplantation.

Language: Английский

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Insights into the Anti-Adipogenic and Anti-Inflammatory Potentialities of Probiotics against Obesity

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(9), P. 1373 - 1373

Published: April 30, 2024

Functional foods with probiotics are safe and effective dietary supplements to improve overweight obesity. Thus, altering the intestinal microflora may be an approach for controlling or preventing This review aims summarize experimental method used study obesity, recent advances in against In particular, we focused on studies (in vitro vivo) that treat obesity its associated comorbidities. Several vivo (animal human clinical) conducted different bacterial species/strains have reported promote anti-obesity effects by suppressing differentiation of pre-adipocytes through immune cell activation, maintaining Th1/Th2 cytokine balance, microbiota composition, reducing lipid profile, regulating energy metabolism. Most shown responsible a notable reduction weight gain body mass index. It also increases levels anti-inflammatory adipokines decreases those pro-inflammatory blood, which regulation glucose fatty acid breakdown. Furthermore, effectively increase insulin sensitivity decrease systemic inflammation. Taken together, profile found individuals can modified probiotic supplementation create promising environment loss along enhancing adiponectin decreasing leptin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, transforming growth (TGF)-β health.

Language: Английский

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