European Clinical Respiratory Journal,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
12(1)
Published: March 24, 2025
Background
Obstructive
sleep
apnea
(OSA)
is
a
common
condition
affecting
around
one
billion
people
worldwide.
Emerging
evidence
from
recent
studies
suggests
that
Glucagon-like
peptide
1
receptor
(GLP-1)
agonists
may
reduce
OSA
severity.
Hence,
this
meta-analysis
aims
to
evaluate
the
efficacy
and
safety
of
GLP-1
in
patients
with
OSA.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(2), P. 1703 - 1703
Published: Jan. 15, 2023
To
date,
non-alcoholic
fatty
liver
disease
(NAFLD)
is
the
most
frequent
disease,
affecting
up
to
70%
of
patients
with
diabetes.
Currently,
there
are
no
specific
drugs
available
for
its
treatment.
Beyond
their
anti-hyperglycemic
effect
and
surprising
role
cardio-
nephroprotection,
GLP-1
receptor
agonists
(GLP-1
RAs)
have
shown
a
significant
impact
on
body
weight
clinical,
biochemical
histological
markers
fibrosis
in
NAFLD.
Therefore,
RAs
could
be
weapon
treatment
both
diabetes
mellitus
The
aim
this
review
summarize
evidence
currently
NAFLD
hypothesize
potential
future
scenarios.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
23(23), P. 14631 - 14631
Published: Nov. 23, 2022
Tirzepatide
is
a
new
molecule
capable
of
controlling
glucose
blood
levels
by
combining
the
dual
agonism
Glucose-Dependent
Insulinotropic
Polypeptide
(GIP)
and
Glucagon-Like
Peptide-1
(GLP-1)
receptors.
GIP
GLP1
are
incretin
hormones:
they
released
in
intestine
response
to
nutrient
intake
stimulate
pancreatic
beta
cell
activity
secreting
insulin.
also
have
other
metabolic
functions.
GLP1,
particular,
reduces
food
delays
gastric
emptying.
Moreover,
has
been
shown
improve
pressure
reduce
Low-Density
Lipoprotein
(LDL)
cholesterol
triglycerides.
efficacy
safety
were
assessed
phase
III
SURPASS
1–5
clinical
trial
program.
Recently,
Food
Drug
Administration
approved
subcutaneous
injections
as
monotherapy
or
combination
therapy,
with
diet
physical
exercise,
achieve
better
glycemic
patients
diabetes.
Other
trials
currently
underway
evaluate
its
use
diseases.
The
scientific
interest
toward
this
novel,
first-in-class
medication
rapidly
increasing.
In
comprehensive
systematic
review,
we
summarize
main
results
investigating
available
meta-analyses,
emphasizing
novel
insights
into
adoption
practice
for
diabetes
future
potential
applications
cardiovascular
medicine.
Frontiers in Endocrinology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Oct. 16, 2023
Purpose
A
systematic
review
and
meta-analysis
was
conducted
to
synthesize
the
available
data
from
clinical
trials
assess
safety
issues
of
tirzepatide
(pancreatitis
gallbladder
or
biliary
disease)
in
type
2
diabetes
(T2D)
obesity.
Methods
search
three
electronic
databases,
namely
Embase,
PubMed,
Cochrane
Library,
up
until
March
1,
2023,
identify
randomized
controlled
(RCTs)
comparing
either
placebo
active
hypoglycemic
drugs
individuals
with
T2D
Heterogeneity
assessed
using
I2
value
Cochran’s
Q
test,
a
fixed
effects
model
employed
estimate
profile
tirzepatide.
The
outcomes
interest,
including
pancreatitis,
composite
diseases,
cholecystitis,
cholelithiasis
were
evaluated.
(The
diseases
incorporated
cholelithiasis,
other
disorders,
diseases.)
Results
total
nine
9871
participants
(6828
group
3043
control
group)
that
met
pre-specified
criteria
included.
When
compared
all
groups
consisting
basal
insulin
(glargine
degludec),
selective
GLP1-RA
(dulaglutide
semaglutide
once
weekly),
placebo,
an
increased
risk
pancreatitis
not
found
be
significantly
associated
(RR
1.46,
[95%
CI]
0.59
3.61;
=
0.0%,
p
0.436).
For
disease,
disease
1.97,
1.14
3.42;
0.558),
but
cholecystitis
diseases.
Conclusion
Based
on
currently
data,
appears
safe
regarding
pancreatitis.
However,
outcome
observed
RCTs
warrants
further
attention
physicians
practice.
Systematic
registration
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO
,
identifier
CRD42023412400.
Cureus,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 7, 2025
Efpeglenatide,
a
novel
long-acting
glucagon-like
peptide-1
receptor
agonist
(GLP-1
RA),
shows
promise
for
the
treatment
of
type
2
diabetes
mellitus
(T2DM)
and
obesity.
This
systematic
review
evaluated
efficacy
safety
efpeglenatide
in
patients
with
T2DM
Literature
searches
PubMed,
Scopus,
Web
Science
focused
on
randomized
controlled
trials
(RCTs),
cohort
studies,
case-control
longitudinal
observational
studies
from
2019
to
2024.
Eight
met
inclusion
criteria.
The
findings
these
consistently
indicate
that
significantly
reduces
hemoglobin
A1C
(HbA1C),
fasting
plasma
glucose
(FPG),
body
weight
Once-weekly
dosing
offers
convenient
alternative
daily
GLP-1
RAs
potentially
improves
adherence.
Efpeglenatide
also
provides
cardiovascular
renal
benefits,
particularly
high-risk
patients,
thus
providing
comprehensive
option.
profile
is
similar
other
RAs,
mild-to-moderate
gastrointestinal
side
effects
being
most
common
low
risk
hypoglycemia,
especially
not
using
insulin
or
sulfonylureas.
Most
show
bias
enhanced
reliability.
However,
limitations
include
need
long-term
data
variations
study
design.
Future
research
should
focus
outcomes,
safety,
improvements
quality
life
fully
assess
benefits
efpeglenatide.
In
conclusion,
promising
obesity,
offering
effective
glycemic
control,
reduction,
favorable
profile,
dosing.
Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
2025(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Diabetes
mellitus
(DM)
is
a
persistent
and
steadily
progressing
metabolic
condition
distinguished
by
unregulated
high
levels
of
blood
glucose.
GLP1
receptor
agonists
have
recently
gained
recognition
as
first‐line
therapies
in
selected
instances,
per
the
updated
ADA
guidelines,
highlighting
their
efficacy
not
only
glycemic
control
but
also
broader
health
benefits.
Nonetheless,
GLP‐1
limited
its
brief
duration
action,
rapid
clearance
from
body,
challenges
associated
with
subcutaneous
administration.
In
this
study,
we
examined
potential
diabetes‐mitigating
effects
genetically
engineered
strain
Escherichia
coli
Nissle
1917
(EcN)‐GLP‐1,
previously
developed
our
group.
We
utilized
mouse
models
for
both
Type
1
diabetes
(T1DM)
2
(T2DM)
to
assess
efficacy.
case
T1DM
mice,
results
revealed
that
EcN‐GLP‐1
resulted
notable
decrease
glucose
levels.
Furthermore,
it
exhibited
protective
influence
on
structural
integrity
islet
β
‐cells;
downregulated
expressions
key
inflammatory
markers
such
TLR‐4,
p‐NF‐
κ
B/NF‐
B,
Bax/Bcl‐2;
promoted
insulin
secretion;
reinstated
perturbed
diversity
microbial
species
normal
state.
Similarly,
had
pronounced
impact
T2DM
manifesting
increased
presence
‐cells,
decreased
response
apoptosis,
regulation
lipid
metabolism
liver.
summary,
modified
demonstrates
ability
alleviate
enhancing
‐cell
population,
mitigating
reactions
optimizing
liver
metabolism,
reinstating
balanced
diversity.
These
findings
hold
promise
avenue
treating
DM.
Mayo Clinic Proceedings,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
100(4), P. 682 - 699
Published: April 1, 2025
Injectable
insulin
therapy
is
a
valuable
therapeutic
option
for
millions
of
people
with
diabetes
worldwide.
However,
many
undergoing
experience
suboptimal
outcomes
and/or
have
complications
because
inadequate
injection
technique
and
training.
Practical,
current,
evidence-based
recommendations
are
mandatory
primary
care
practitioners
specialists
alike
to
address
unmet
needs
in
technique,
education,
consequent
outcomes.
The
most
recent
global
best
practices
were
published
2016
by
the
Forum
Injection
Technique
Therapy
Expert
Recommendations
(FITTER).
While
efforts
different
regions
reflected
some
developments
since
2016,
effort
was
warranted
comprehensively
capture
new
evidence
modern
expert
perspectives.
In
this
article,
we
share
output
"FITTER
Forward"
initiative,
authored
16
from
13
countries
who
met
virtually
2023-2024.
FITTER
Forward
provides
an
updated
rationale
importance
proper
training
its
impact
on
management.
organized
use
clinical
practice
include
4
sections
describing
(1)
foundational
science
informing
device
design,
experiences,
outcomes,
(2)
procedures
pens
syringes
storage
needle
disposal,
(3)
lipodystrophy
risk
reduction,
focus
lipohypertrophy,
(4)
structured
programs
diabetes.
Overall,
aims
better
equip
health
professionals
advance
empowering
their
caregivers
correctly
safely
deliver
insulin.