GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 1703 - 1703

Published: Jan. 15, 2023

To date, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most frequent disease, affecting up to 70% of patients with diabetes. Currently, there are no specific drugs available for its treatment. Beyond their anti-hyperglycemic effect and surprising role cardio- nephroprotection, GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have shown a significant impact on body weight clinical, biochemical histological markers fibrosis in NAFLD. Therefore, RAs could be weapon treatment both diabetes mellitus The aim this review summarize evidence currently NAFLD hypothesize potential future scenarios.

Language: Английский

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The intestine as an endocrine organ and the role of gut hormones in metabolic regulation

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(12), P. 784 - 796

Published: Aug. 25, 2023

Language: Английский

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Targeting aging and age-related diseases with vaccines

Nature Aging, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(4), P. 464 - 482

Published: April 15, 2024

Language: Английский

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Tirzepatide: A Systematic Update

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(23), P. 14631 - 14631

Published: Nov. 23, 2022

Tirzepatide is a new molecule capable of controlling glucose blood levels by combining the dual agonism Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP) and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptors. GIP GLP1 are incretin hormones: they released in intestine response to nutrient intake stimulate pancreatic beta cell activity secreting insulin. also have other metabolic functions. GLP1, particular, reduces food delays gastric emptying. Moreover, has been shown improve pressure reduce Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol triglycerides. efficacy safety were assessed phase III SURPASS 1–5 clinical trial program. Recently, Food Drug Administration approved subcutaneous injections as monotherapy or combination therapy, with diet physical exercise, achieve better glycemic patients diabetes. Other trials currently underway evaluate its use diseases. The scientific interest toward this novel, first-in-class medication rapidly increasing. In comprehensive systematic review, we summarize main results investigating available meta-analyses, emphasizing novel insights into adoption practice for diabetes future potential applications cardiovascular medicine.

Language: Английский

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Safety issues of tirzepatide (pancreatitis and gallbladder or biliary disease) in type 2 diabetes and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Oct. 16, 2023

Purpose A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to synthesize the available data from clinical trials assess safety issues of tirzepatide (pancreatitis gallbladder or biliary disease) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) obesity. Methods search three electronic databases, namely Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, up until March 1, 2023, identify randomized controlled (RCTs) comparing either placebo active hypoglycemic drugs individuals with T2D Heterogeneity assessed using I2 value Cochran’s Q test, a fixed effects model employed estimate profile tirzepatide. The outcomes interest, including pancreatitis, composite diseases, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis were evaluated. (The diseases incorporated cholelithiasis, other disorders, diseases.) Results total nine 9871 participants (6828 group 3043 control group) that met pre-specified criteria included. When compared all groups consisting basal insulin (glargine degludec), selective GLP1-RA (dulaglutide semaglutide once weekly), placebo, an increased risk pancreatitis not found be significantly associated (RR 1.46, [95% CI] 0.59 3.61; = 0.0%, p 0.436). For disease, disease 1.97, 1.14 3.42; 0.558), but cholecystitis diseases. Conclusion Based on currently data, appears safe regarding pancreatitis. However, outcome observed RCTs warrants further attention physicians practice. Systematic registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO , identifier CRD42023412400.

Language: Английский

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The impact of weight loss on fat-free mass, muscle, bone and hematopoiesis health: Implications for emerging pharmacotherapies aiming at fat reduction and lean mass preservation

Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 156057 - 156057

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Cryo-electron microscopy for GPCR research and drug discovery in endocrinology and metabolism

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(6), P. 349 - 365

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

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Efficacy and Safety of Efpeglenatide in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity: A Systematic Review

Cureus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Efpeglenatide, a novel long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), shows promise for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. This systematic review evaluated efficacy safety efpeglenatide in patients with T2DM Literature searches PubMed, Scopus, Web Science focused on randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, case-control longitudinal observational studies from 2019 to 2024. Eight met inclusion criteria. The findings these consistently indicate that significantly reduces hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), body weight Once-weekly dosing offers convenient alternative daily GLP-1 RAs potentially improves adherence. Efpeglenatide also provides cardiovascular renal benefits, particularly high-risk patients, thus providing comprehensive option. profile is similar other RAs, mild-to-moderate gastrointestinal side effects being most common low risk hypoglycemia, especially not using insulin or sulfonylureas. Most show bias enhanced reliability. However, limitations include need long-term data variations study design. Future research should focus outcomes, safety, improvements quality life fully assess benefits efpeglenatide. In conclusion, promising obesity, offering effective glycemic control, reduction, favorable profile, dosing.

Language: Английский

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Administration of a Next‐Generation Probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917‐GLP‐1 Alleviates Diabetes in Mice With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a persistent and steadily progressing metabolic condition distinguished by unregulated high levels of blood glucose. GLP1 receptor agonists have recently gained recognition as first‐line therapies in selected instances, per the updated ADA guidelines, highlighting their efficacy not only glycemic control but also broader health benefits. Nonetheless, GLP‐1 limited its brief duration action, rapid clearance from body, challenges associated with subcutaneous administration. In this study, we examined potential diabetes‐mitigating effects genetically engineered strain Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN)‐GLP‐1, previously developed our group. We utilized mouse models for both Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) 2 (T2DM) to assess efficacy. case T1DM mice, results revealed that EcN‐GLP‐1 resulted notable decrease glucose levels. Furthermore, it exhibited protective influence on structural integrity islet β ‐cells; downregulated expressions key inflammatory markers such TLR‐4, p‐NF‐ κ B/NF‐ B, Bax/Bcl‐2; promoted insulin secretion; reinstated perturbed diversity microbial species normal state. Similarly, had pronounced impact T2DM manifesting increased presence ‐cells, decreased response apoptosis, regulation lipid metabolism liver. summary, modified demonstrates ability alleviate enhancing ‐cell population, mitigating reactions optimizing liver metabolism, reinstating balanced diversity. These findings hold promise avenue treating DM.

Language: Английский

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Advance Insulin Injection Technique and Education With FITTER Forward Expert Recommendations

Mayo Clinic Proceedings, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 100(4), P. 682 - 699

Published: April 1, 2025

Injectable insulin therapy is a valuable therapeutic option for millions of people with diabetes worldwide. However, many undergoing experience suboptimal outcomes and/or have complications because inadequate injection technique and training. Practical, current, evidence-based recommendations are mandatory primary care practitioners specialists alike to address unmet needs in technique, education, consequent outcomes. The most recent global best practices were published 2016 by the Forum Injection Technique Therapy Expert Recommendations (FITTER). While efforts different regions reflected some developments since 2016, effort was warranted comprehensively capture new evidence modern expert perspectives. In this article, we share output "FITTER Forward" initiative, authored 16 from 13 countries who met virtually 2023-2024. FITTER Forward provides an updated rationale importance proper training its impact on management. organized use clinical practice include 4 sections describing (1) foundational science informing device design, experiences, outcomes, (2) procedures pens syringes storage needle disposal, (3) lipodystrophy risk reduction, focus lipohypertrophy, (4) structured programs diabetes. Overall, aims better equip health professionals advance empowering their caregivers correctly safely deliver insulin.

Language: Английский

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