Targeting the gut microbiota and its metabolites for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: May 9, 2023

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. The incidence of T2DM increasing globally, growing body evidence suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis may contribute to the development this disease. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites, including bile acids, lipopolysaccharide, trimethylamine-N-oxide, tryptophan indole derivatives, short-chain fatty have been shown be involved in pathogenesis T2DM, playing key role host-microbe crosstalk. This review aims summarize molecular links between metabolites T2DM. Additionally, we potential therapy treatments for using probiotics, prebiotics, fecal transplantation other methods modulate its metabolites. Clinical trials investigating critically discussed. highlights targeting could therapeutic strategy prevention treatment

Language: Английский

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Biotherapy Using Probiotics as Therapeutic Agents to Restore the Gut Microbiota to Relieve Gastrointestinal Tract Inflammation, IBD, IBS and Prevent Induction of Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(6), P. 5748 - 5748

Published: March 17, 2023

The gut microbiota is composed of several microbial strains with diverse and variable compositions in both healthy sick people. An undisturbed needs to be sustained order perform all physiological, metabolic, immune functions a normal way prevent the development diseases. This article has reviewed published information on issue disruption balance microbiota. could for many reasons, such as infection gastrointestinal tract, food poisoning, diarrhoea, chemotherapy, malnutrition, lifestyle, ageing. If this not restored normal, it might cause dysbiosis. Eventually, interrupted by dysbiosis initiate health issues, inflammation induction cancer, progression variety diseases irritable bowel syndrome inflammatory disease. review concluded that biotherapy natural using probiotic products, whether form food, beverages, or supplements, restore disrupted Metabolites secreted ingested probiotics help relieve tract can avoid cancer.

Language: Английский

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A Review of the Impact of Pharmacogenetics and Metabolomics on the Efficacy of Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes

International Journal of Medical Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 142 - 150

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Metformin is the most often prescribed drug for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D).More than 120 million patients T2D use metformin worldwide.However, monotherapy fails to achieve glycemic control in a third of treated patients.Genetics contribute some inter-individual variations response metformin.Numerous pharmacogenetic studies have demonstrated that genes related pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics metformin's encoding transporters are mainly associated response.The goal this review evaluate current state pharmacogenetics metabolomics research, discuss clinical scientific issues need be resolved order increase our knowledge patient variability metformin, how improve outcomes.Metformin's hydrophilic nature absorption as well its action mechanism effectiveness on initiation discussed.The impacts various analysed identify effect genetic polymorphisms therapeutic activity metformin.The metabolic pattern also indicated.This emphasise could expand T2D.

Language: Английский

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Understanding the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Diabetes and Therapeutics Targeting Leaky Gut: A Systematic Review

Cureus, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 8, 2023

The gut microbiota has been studied and continues to be a developing area in the pathognomic development of metabolic diseases like diabetes. Treatment with diet changes, addition supplements prebiotics/probiotics, impact fecal microbial transplantation can correlated targeting changes dysbiosis. Understanding impacts various anti-hyperglycemic agents such as metformin implications post-bariatric surgery on diversity emerged. These areas study are crucial understanding aspects diabetes disease progression at level inflammatory mechanisms, which may give more insight into focusing role prebiotic/probiotic potential forms prospective management that target microbiota, harbors low-grade inflammation. Intestinal dysbiosis was consistently observed mechanism change diabetic individuals, contributing reduced insulin sensitivity poor glycemic control. This systematic review carried out using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 checklist. We performed literature search PubMed, Google Scholar Science Direct databases accordance eligibility criteria ultimately selected 14 articles final analysis. Scale Assessment Narrative Review Articles (SANRA) PRISMA checklist were used assess quality cross-sectional studies, traditional reviews, respectively. collected papers from 2012 2022 this review. gathered databases, study, show there is strong connection between appears exist. objective identify any dietary therapeutic alter potentially modulate sensitivity. article will discuss pathophysiological effects biodiversity therapeutics aid reversing

Language: Английский

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Clinical potential and mechanistic insights of mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus: Focusing on gut microbiota, inflammation, and metabolism

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 306, P. 116143 - 116143

Published: Jan. 9, 2023

Language: Английский

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Dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist tirzepatide alleviates hepatic steatosis and modulates gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism in diabetic mice

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 147, P. 113937 - 113937

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Language: Английский

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Green space exposure and type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence: A systematic review

Health & Place, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 82, P. 103045 - 103045

Published: May 7, 2023

Language: Английский

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The Gut Microbiota and Diabetes: Research, Translation, and Clinical Applications—2023 Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia Expert Forum

Diabetes Care, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 24, 2024

This article summarizes the state of science on role gut microbiota (GM) in diabetes from a recent international expert forum organized by Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia, which was held at European Association for Study 2023 Annual Meeting Hamburg, Germany. Forum participants included clinicians basic scientists who are leading investigators field intestinal microbiome metabolism. Their conclusions were as follows: 1) GM may be involved pathophysiology type 2 diabetes, microbially produced metabolites associate both positively negatively with disease, mechanistic links functions (e.g., genes butyrate production) glucose metabolism have recently emerged through use Mendelian randomization humans; 2) highly individualized nature poses major research obstacle, large cohorts deep-sequencing metagenomic approach required robust assessments associations causation; 3) because single-time point sampling misses intraindividual dynamics, future studies repeated measures within individuals needed; 4) much will to determine applicability this expanding knowledge diagnosis treatment, novel technologies improved computational tools important achieve goal.

Language: Английский

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The gut microbiota and diabetes: research, translation, and clinical applications – 2023 Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia Expert Forum

Diabetologia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 67(9), P. 1760 - 1782

Published: June 24, 2024

Abstract This article summarises the state of science on role gut microbiota (GM) in diabetes from a recent international expert forum organised by Diabetes , Care and Diabetologia which was held at European Association for Study 2023 Annual Meeting Hamburg, Germany. Forum participants included clinicians basic scientists who are leading investigators field intestinal microbiome metabolism. Their conclusions were as follows: (1) GM may be involved pathophysiology type 2 diabetes, microbially produced metabolites associate both positively negatively with disease, mechanistic links functions (e.g. genes butyrate production) glucose metabolism have recently emerged through use Mendelian randomisation humans; (2) highly individualised nature poses major research obstacle, large cohorts deep-sequencing metagenomic approach required robust assessments associations causation; (3) because single time point sampling misses intraindividual dynamics, future studies repeated measures within individuals needed; (4) much will to determine applicability this expanding knowledge diagnosis treatment, novel technologies improved computational tools important achieve goal.

Language: Английский

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On the wake of metformin: Do anti-diabetic SGLT2 inhibitors exert anti-aging effects?

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 92, P. 102131 - 102131

Published: Nov. 19, 2023

Here we propose that SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), a class of drugs primarily used to treat type 2 diabetes, could also be repositioned as anti-aging senomorphic (agents prevent the extrinsic harmful effects senescent cells). As observed for metformin, another anti-diabetic drug with established potential, increasing evidence suggests SGLT2i can modulate some relevant pathways associated aging process, such free radical production, cellular energy regulation through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), autophagy, and activation nuclear factor (NF)-kB/inflammasome. Some interesting pro-healthy were on human microbiota. All these mechanisms converge fueling systemic proinflammatory condition called inflammaging, now recognized main risk accelerated increased age-related disease development progression. Inflammaging worsened by senescence immunosenescence, which contributes burden cells during aging, perpetuating condition. Interestingly, suggested direct SGLT-2i against cells, chronic immune metabolic alterations induced overnutrition (meta-inflammation). In this framework, analyzed discussed multifaceted impact SGLT2i, compared metformin effects, potential beyond diabetes management. Despite promising results in experimental studies, rigorous investigations well-designed clinical will need validate inhibitors' effects.

Language: Английский

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