Impact of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors (SGLT2i) Therapy on Dementia and Cognitive Decline

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 1750 - 1750

Published: Aug. 3, 2024

Dementia is an age-related syndrome characterized by the progressive deterioration of cognition and capacity for independent living. Diabetes often associated with cognitive decline shares similar pathophysiological mechanisms dementia, such as systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, advanced glycation end-products formation. Therefore, adequate diabetes management may reduce risk decline, especially in patients other comorbidities factors. The sodium glucose cotransporter inhibitors (SGLT2i) regulate renal reabsorption blocking SGLT2 cotransporters located proximal tubules, causing glycosuria intraglomerular pressure reduction. Their use helps to lower blood modifying water homeostasis; these drugs are also commonly used treatment heart failure chronic kidney disease, while recently, a potential neuroprotective role central nervous system has been suggested. aim our scoping review analyze current evidence about effects SGLT2i adult patients. We performed literature evaluate effect on mild impairment (MCI) Alzheimer's disease incidence progression. screening process was through different searches PubMed EMBASE, evaluating original works published up January 2024. In conclusion, could be diabetes, reducing or progression MCI dementia. Further prospective studies needed validate this hypothesis effectiveness class normal glycemic profile

Language: Английский

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Cardiovascular-renal protective effect and molecular mechanism of finerenone in type 2 diabetic mellitus

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Feb. 13, 2023

Chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and cardiovascular (CVD) are the main complications in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM), increasing risk of all-cause mortality. Current therapeutic strategies that delay progression CKD development CVD include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB), sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT-2i) GLP-1 agonists (GLP-1RA). In CVD, mineralocorticoid (MR) overactivation leads to inflammation fibrosis heart, vascular system, making antagonists (MRAs) as a promising option T2DM with CVD. Finerenone is third generation highly selective non-steroidal MRAs. It significantly reduces renal complications. also improves cardiovascular-renal outcomes patients and/or chronic heart failure (CHF). safer more effective than first- second-generation MRAs due its higher selectivity specificity, resulting lower incidence adverse effects including hyperkalemia, insufficiency androgen-like effects. shows potent effect on improving CHF, refractory hypertension, nephropathy. Recently studies have shown finerenone may potential retinopathy, primary aldosteronism, atrial fibrillation, pulmonary hypertension so on. this review, we discuss characteristics finerenone, new third-generation MRA, compared steroidal other nonsteroidal We focus safety efficacy clinical application patients. hope provide insights for prospect.

Language: Английский

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Geriatric nutritional risk index as a predictor for fragility fracture risk in elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A 9-year ambispective longitudinal cohort study

Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(5), P. 1125 - 1135

Published: April 1, 2024

The elderly are prone to fragility fractures, especially those suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combined with osteoporosis. Although studies have confirmed the association between GNRI and prevalence of osteoporosis, relationship fracture risk individualized 10-year probability osteoporotic fractures estimated by FRAX remains unclear. This study aims delve into a hip (HF) major (MOF) evaluated in T2DM.

Language: Английский

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SGLT2i improves kidney senescence by down‐regulating the expression of LTBP2 in SAMP8 mice

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28(6)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract Senescent kidney can lead to the maladaptive repairment and predispose age‐related diseases. Here, we explore renal anti‐senescence effect of a known kind drug, sodium‐dependent glucose transporters 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i). After 4 months intragastrically administration with dapagliflozin on senescence‐accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) strain mice, physiologically effects (lowering urine protein, enhancing glomerular blood perfusion, inhibiting expression senescence‐related biomarkers) structural changes (improving atrophy, alleviating fibrosis, decreasing mesangial proliferation) indicate potential value delaying senescence SGLT2i. human proximal tubular epithelial (HK‐2) cells induced by H O also exhibit lower senescent markers after treatment. Further mechanism exploration suggests LTBP2 have great possibility be target for SGLT2i exert its role. Dapagliflozin down‐regulate in tissues HK‐2 phenotypes. Immunofluorescence staining show SGLT2 exist colocalization, protein‐docking analysis implies there is salt‐bridge formation between them; these all weak‐interaction two proteins. Apart from reducing intracellular area , decrease concentration cell culture medium. Together, results reveal delay natural non‐diabetes environment; may through regulating role LTBP2.

Language: Английский

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Mouse Models with SGLT2 Mutations: Toward Understanding the Role of SGLT2 beyond Glucose Reabsorption

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(7), P. 6278 - 6278

Published: March 27, 2023

The sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) mainly carries out glucose reabsorption in the kidney. Familial renal glycosuria, which is a mutation of SGLT2, known to excrete urine, but blood levels are almost normal. Therefore, SGLT2 inhibitors attracting attention as new therapeutic drug for diabetes, increasing worldwide. In fact, not only suppress hyperglycemia also reduce renal, heart, and cardiovascular diseases. However, whether long-term inhibition completely harmless requires further investigation. this context, mice with mutations have been generated detailed studies being conducted, e.g., SGLT2-/- mouse, Sweet Pee Jimbee SAMP10-ΔSglt2 mouse. Biological changes associated reported these model mice, suggesting that responsible sugar related other functions, such bone metabolism, longevity, cognitive functions. review, we present characteristics mutant mice. Moreover, because relationship between diabetes Alzheimer's disease has discussed, examined homeostasis amyloid precursor protein

Language: Английский

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SGLT-2 Inhibitors for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Review

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(7), P. 134 - 134

Published: July 6, 2023

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a group of metabolic illnesses that lead to accumulation fat mainly due excessive nutrition. It closely related insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, has become one the main causes chronic worldwide. At present, there no specific drug for treatment NAFLD; lifestyle interventions including dietary control exercise are recommended as routine treatments. As sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT-2) inhibitors may also play beneficial role in NAFLD. This article reviews mechanism SGLT-2

Language: Английский

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Risk factors for osteoporosis in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. e0319602 - e0319602

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Background Osteoporosis is a prevalent chronic result of diabetes. susceptibility raised by unstable blood glucose levels, oxidative stress, hormonal abnormalities, and other factors. Currently, there no systematic review addressing the risk factors osteoporosis in This study intends to systematically assess current related diabetic (DOP) provide suggestions for improvement therapy approaches. Methods analysis We will search five English literature databases (PubMed, Embase, Web Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library) three Chinese (CNKI, WanFang, SinoMed) from starting point until December 31, 2024. perform examination meta-analysis cohort case-control studies identify all population-based osteoporosis. Two researchers independently publication, extract data, evaluate quality potential biases present study. utilize RevMan V.5.4 software STATA 16.0 data analysis. The included be assessed using Newcastle Ottawa Quality Assessment Instrument (NOS). If heterogeneity higher than 50%, we subgroup sensitivity probable sources heterogeneity. assessment publication bias conducted funnel plot. Furthermore, employ Grading Recommendations Assessment, Development, Evaluation (GRADE) evidence each exposure outcome. Discussion protocol aims investigate variables associated with DOP. summarize knowledge about influencing strive assist physicians more extensive references decision-making facilitate implementation effective prevention strategies Registration has been registered PROSPERO ( CRD42024602637 ).

Language: Английский

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Is the Impact of Sodium–Glucose Co-Transporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors on Bone Metabolism and Fracture Incidence a Class or Drug Effect? A Narrative Review

Medicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 10 - 10

Published: April 16, 2025

Background/Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has a growing prevalence, even in developed countries. Because of the increase life expectancy, number older people with T2DM is also increasing. The management and handling these patients challenging due to its co-morbidities. Aim: In present study, we reviewed literature order investigate impact sodium–glucose co-transporter inhibitors (SGLT-2 inhibitors) on bone metabolism fracture incidence. Methods: We searched using databases PubMed, CENTRAL Cochrane Central Register Controlled Trials up December 2024. Results: There controversial position concerning effects SGLT2 when administered T2DM, respect Multiple studies suggest have disadvantageous effect incidence, while several others beneficial effect. Conclusions: Patients type are at high risk alterations their metabolism. novel class pleiotropic many organs, such as kidneys heart, although incidence still unclear. Until more clinical data, all caregivers (medical nursing staff) should be aware possible fractures receiving this agents.

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of the Effect of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition on Fracture Risk: Evidence From Mendelian Randomization and Genetic Association Study

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 38(11), P. 1645 - 1653

Published: July 12, 2023

ABSTRACT This study aims to evaluate the causal effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibition on bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis, and fracture risk using genetics. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed utilizing two sets genetic variants as instruments (six single-nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs]) associated with SLC5A2 gene expression glycated hemoglobin A1c levels. Summary statistics BMD from Genetic Factors for Osteoporosis consortium (BMD total body, n = 66,628; femoral neck, 32,735; lumbar spine, 28,498; forearm, 8143) osteoporosis (6303 cases, 325,717 controls) 13 types (≤17,690 ≤328,382 data FinnGen obtained. One-sample MR association conducted in UK Biobank individual-level heel (n 256,286) incident (13,677 430,262 (25,806 407,081 controls). Using six SNPs instrument, genetically proxied SGLT2 showed little evidence forearm (all p ≥ 0.077). Similar results observed instruments. Little was found 0.112) or any 11 major 0.094), except a nominal significance lower leg (p 0.049) shoulder upper arm 0.029). analysis that both weighted scores constructed not causally BMD, 0.387). Therefore, this does support an risk. © 2023 The Authors. Journal Bone Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC behalf American Society (ASBMR).

Language: Английский

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Effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on bone metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Endocrine Disorders, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: April 24, 2024

Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are widely used in type diabetes mellitus (T2DM) therapy. The impact of SGLT2 on bone metabolism has been taken into consideration. But there controversial results the study effect patients with T2DM. Therefore, we aimed to examine whether and what extent affect

Language: Английский

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