Underlying Mechanisms behind the Brain–Gut–Liver Axis and Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD): An Update

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 3694 - 3694

Published: March 26, 2024

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) includes several metabolic dysfunctions caused by dysregulation in the brain–gut–liver axis and, consequently, increases cardiovascular risks and dysfunction. In MAFLD, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, syndrome are frequently present; these conditions related to lipogenesis systemic inflammation. This study aimed review connection between MAFLD. The inflammatory process, cellular alterations hepatocytes stellate cells, hypercaloric diet, sedentarism aggravate prognosis of patients with Thus, understand modulation physiopathology it is necessary include organokines involved this process (adipokines, myokines, osteokines, hepatokines) their clinical relevance project future perspectives condition bring light new possibilities therapeutic approaches. Adipokines responsible for activation distinct signaling different tissues, such as insulin pro-inflammatory cytokines, which important balancing substances avoid MAFLD its progression. Myokines improve quantity quality adipose contributing avoiding development Finally, hepatokines decisive improving or not progression through regulation anti-inflammatory organokines.

Language: Английский

---

Alteration of Gut Microbiota Composition in the Progression of Liver Damage in Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(8), P. 4387 - 4387

Published: April 16, 2024

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a complex disorder whose prevalence rapidly growing in South America. The disturbances the microbiota–gut–liver axis impact damaging processes toward fibrosis. Gut microbiota status shaped by dietary and lifestyle factors, depending on geographic location. We aimed to identify microbial signatures group of Chilean MASLD patients. Forty subjects were recruited, including healthy controls (HCs), overweight/obese (Ow/Ob), patients with without fibrosis (MASLD/F−), (MASLD/F+). Both detected through elastography and/or biopsy, fecal analyzed deep sequencing. Despite no differences α- β-diversity among all groups, higher abundance Bilophila lower presence Defluviitaleaceae, Lachnospiraceae ND3007, Coprobacter was found MASLD/F− MASLD/F+, compared HC. Ruminococcaceae UCG-013 Sellimonas more abundant MASLD/F+ than Ow/Ob; both significantly differed between Significant positive correlations observed stiffness Bifidobacterium, Prevotella, Sarcina, Acidaminococcus abundance. Our results show that associated changes bacterial taxa are known be involved bile acid metabolism SCFA production, some them being specifically linked

Language: Английский

---

The impact of metabolic syndrome on hepatocellular carcinoma: a mendelian randomization study

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Traditional epidemiological studies are susceptible to confounding factors. To clarify the impact of metabolic syndrome and its diagnostic components on hepatocellular carcinoma, we conducted a preliminary mendelian randomization analysis with as exposures carcinoma outcome. Another set genetic data related was used validation cohort, repeating combining two groups for meta-analysis. Preliminary showed that (P-value = 0.002) waist circumference 0.026) significantly positively correlated an increased risk carcinoma. After multiple testing corrections, (PFDR-value 0.013) remained significant, although association between 0.079) considered suggestive, meta-analysis further confirmed 0.0002) 0.0038) in increasing adjusting predictive effects all exposures, found be key factor influencing relationship In summary, our study indicates increases particularly among individuals larger circumference.

Language: Английский

---

Risk and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mexican Americans with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Journal of Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 12, P. 93 - 106

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) disproportionately affects Hispanic persons with higher age-specific incidence and increased mortality rates compared to non-Hispanic Whites. These high of may be explained by the variation in risk factors. Given prevalence type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) among population, we aimed assess prognosis HCC Mexican Americans DM consideration treatment for DM. A case-control study 241 American patients 500 healthy controls Texas was conducted. Multivariable logistic regression analysis performed determine association between while adjusting other Also, a restricted conducted effects age at onset duration on risk. Interactions DM, heavy alcohol consumption, viral hepatitis infection were examined. Overall survival examined, multivariable Cox proportional hazards The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.74 (P < 0.01). Compared who had 2-10 years, those it least 20 years an AOR 4.60 = 0.04). Metformin use associated reduced death cases hazard 0.72 0.01) as non-users. Our results demonstrate that independently Americans. improved Type significantly alone conjunction parameters metabolic syndrome population after

Language: Английский

---

Mechanistic insights into curcumin’s role in modulating autophagy and redox imbalance in experimentally induced MASH

Journal of Taibah University for Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease in children: a modern view of the pathogenesis, clinical features, methods of diagnosis and treatment

Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 9, P. 75 - 85

Published: March 6, 2025

Background: Obesity is one of the most common diseases in world. According to World Health Organization (WHO), 890 million people were suffering from it 2022. Among them, proportion childhood obesity 8,24%. Over past 32 years, has increased by 6% and 160 children dynamics prevalence disease, WHO assumes that 2035 number adolescents 5 19 years old who are obese or overweight will increase 61% boys 75% girls. data, incidence Russia ranged 4,45% 8,4% In structure morbidity, males predominate over females ratio 2:1. One comorbid pathologies metabolically associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), which, date, cannot be estimated due insufficiently accurate research methods. At moment, there no clinical recommendations would standardize approach diagnosis treatment this pathology, question terminology still relevant. Early detection therapy MAFLD help prevent development irreversible changes.

Language: Английский

---

Life-threatening risk factors contribute to the development of diseases with the highest mortality through the induction of regulated necrotic cell death

Cell Death and Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: April 11, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Obesity and Cancer: Excess Body Fat as a Risk Factor in Carcinogenesis; Consequences Across Human Body Systems and Significance for Associated Medical Specialties

European Journal of Medical and Health Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3(2), P. 122 - 135

Published: March 23, 2025

Obesity is a known risk factor for various cancers, influencing carcinogenesis through metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory pathways. Excess adiposity leads to insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, hormonal imbalances, all of which contribute tumor development. increases the cancers in endocrine system (e.g., thyroid, pancreatic, adrenal) due resistance altered hormone levels. In reproductive system, it raises breast, ovarian, endometrial, prostate dysregulation inflammation. also linked digestive including esophageal, liver, colorectal metabolic dysfunction The role obesity lung cancer remains debated, but changes may influence progression. contributes hematologic such as leukemia, by altering immune function promoting Other systems show varying associations with risk. Key mechanisms include dysregulation, epigenetic changes, elevated insulin/IGF-1, promote growth. Early detection imaging biomarkers, along lifestyle diet, exercise) pharmacologic treatments metformin, GLP-1 agonists), can reduce improve outcomes. Personalized treatment obese patients requires adjustments surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy. This review explores obesity’s association across body systems, overviews contributing carcinogenesis, summarizes clinical public health implications, screening, prevention, treatment, policy interventions.

Language: Английский

---

Advances in transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: Integration with systemic therapies and emerging treatment strategies

Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Identification and analysis of significant genes in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-hepatocellular carcinoma transformation: Bioinformatics analysis and machine learning approach

Molecular Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 174, P. 18 - 31

Published: Aug. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

---