Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: March 18, 2025
Trigonella
foenum-graecum
L.
(HLB)
exhibits
promising
pharmacological
properties
for
the
treatment
of
type
2
diabetic
nephropathy
(DN).
This
study
aims
to
enhance
understanding
HLB's
pharmacodynamic
effects
and
elucidate
mechanisms
underlying
its
therapeutic
potential
in
DN.
The
HLB
were
initially
evaluated
a
murine
DN
model
through
oral
administration
an
aqueous
extract
HLB.
primary
bioactive
constituents
subsequently
identified
using
ultra-high-performance
liquid
chromatography
coupled
with
high-resolution
mass
spectrometry
(UHPLC-HRMS).
Network
pharmacology
analysis
was
integrated
these
data
uncover
molecular
targets
Key
renal
metabolites
profiled
untargeted
metabolomics,
followed
by
metabolic
pathway
enrichment
conducted
MetaboAnalyst
6.0
platform,
which
facilitated
identification
relevant
pathways
modulates
Finally,
quantitative
real-time
polymerase
chain
reaction
(QRT-PCR)
Western
blot
(WB)
techniques
employed
validate
expression
levels
key
genes
proteins,
thereby
confirming
Animal
experiments
indicated
that
significantly
improved
blood
glucose
regulation
function
while
reducing
oxidative
stress
abnormalities
lipid
metabolism
mice.
A
total
34
compounds
159
as
active
components
metabolomics
revealed
61
critical
metabolites,
among
PI3K-Akt-ERK
signaling
pathway-known
be
involved
diabetes-was
highlighted
crucial
pathway.
QRT-PCR
WB
analyses
demonstrated
upregulated
MAPK1,
MAPK3,
AKT1,
PI3K.
These
results
suggest
may
alleviate
modulating
metabolism.
Its
are
likely
mediated
pathway,
along
upregulation
PI3K
expression.
lays
groundwork
further
investigations
into
action
Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
22(2)
Published: March 1, 2025
Background/Objective:
Diabetes
mellitus
(DM)
remains
a
major
global
health
challenge
due
to
its
chronic
nature
and
associated
complications.
Traditional
diagnostic
approaches,
though
effective,
often
lack
the
sensitivity
required
for
early-stage
detection.
Recent
advancements
in
molecular
biology
have
identified
RNA
molecules,
particularly
non-coding
RNAs
such
as
microRNAs
(miRNAs),
long
(lncRNAs),
circular
(circRNAs),
promising
biomarkers
diabetes.
This
review
aims
explore
role
of
RNA-based
diagnosis,
prognosis,
management
diabetes,
highlighting
their
potential
revolutionize
diabetes
care.
Method:
A
comprehensive
literature
was
conducted
using
electronic
databases
including
PubMed,
Scopus,
Web
Science.
Articles
published
up
2024
were
screened
analyzed
extract
relevant
findings
related
diagnostics
Emphasis
placed
on
studies
demonstrating
clinical
utility,
mechanistic
insights,
translational
molecules.
Results:
Numerous
species,
miRNAs
miR-375,
miR-29,
lncRNAs
like
H19
MEG3,
exhibit
altered
expression
patterns
diabetic
patients.
These
molecules
are
involved
key
regulatory
pathways
glucose
metabolism,
insulin
resistance,
β-cell
function.
Circulating
detectable
various
biofluids,
enabling
non-invasive
approaches.
Emerging
technologies,
sequencing
liquid
biopsy
platforms,
enhanced
specificity
detection,
fostering
development
novel
tools
personalized
therapeutic
strategies.
Conclusion:
hold
significant
promise
advancing
early
risk
stratification,
monitoring
Despite
current
challenges
standardization
validation,
integration
into
routine
practice
could
transform
management,
paving
way
precision
medicine
Further
research
multi-center
trials
essential
validate
these
facilitate
approval
implementation.
Applied Biosciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
4(2), P. 23 - 23
Published: May 2, 2025
Experimental
research
demands
the
selection
of
appropriate
models
to
align
with
study
objectives
and
conditions.
Traditional
experimental
models,
such
as
in
vivo
animal
studies
vitro
systems
like
organoids,
present
nutraceutical
pharmaceutical
limitations
high
cost,
ethical
concerns,
long
lifespan,
difficult
genetic
manipulation.
Caenorhabditis
elegans
has
proved
be
a
valuable
model
result
its
physiological
similarities
higher
organisms,
fully
sequenced
genome,
short
life
cycle,
transparency.
These
features
enable
high-throughput
screening,
molecular
pathway
analysis,
lifespan
healthspan
assays.
C.
significantly
advanced
discovery
bioactive
molecules
therapeutic
potential,
shedding
light
on
aging,
neurodegeneration,
metabolic
disorders,
immune
responses.
Its
utility
pharmacokinetics
validation
nutraceuticals
underscores
role
longevity
health
research.
Additionally,
conserved
stress
response,
apoptosis,
pathogen
recognition
pathways
facilitate
pharmacological
interventions
for
inflammation,
oxidative
stress,
infections.
This
evaluates
applicability
analyses
drug
efficacy
testing,
discusses
relevant
advancements,
associated
difficulties,
what
expect
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(9), P. 4385 - 4385
Published: May 5, 2025
Diabetic
retinopathy
(DR)
is
a
leading
cause
of
visual
impairment.
To
better
understand
the
pathology,
clinically
relevant
experimental
models
are
needed.
Widely
used
DR
(especially
streptozotocin
(STZ)-induced)
require
extended
timeframes
to
reach
phenotype
endpoints
and
lack
ischemic
phenotypes,
which
in
contrast
human
condition.
Unilateral
common
carotid
artery
occlusion
(UCCAO)
could
provide
retinal
insult.
We
explored
pathologic
synergistic
effects
UCCAO
STZ
mice.
(90
mg/kg)
was
injected
intraperitoneally
into
adult
C57BL/6
mice
for
three
days.
Four
weeks
later,
right
performed.
One
week
after
UCCAO,
samples
were
stained
with
isolectin
B4
analyze
cellular
vascular
changes.
Retinal
obtained
one
day
quantitative
PCR
(qPCR)
performed
observe
inflammatory
responses.
Only
group
showed
increased
cells.
retina
demonstrated
significant
difference
capillary
large
vessel
size
compared
other
groups.
At
week,
there
change
mRNA
expressions
genes
Ccl2,
Ccl12,
Bnip3,
Pdk1,
Hsp25,
Vegfa
Our
model
can
serve
as
an
accelerated
studying
Pharmacological Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 107769 - 107769
Published: May 1, 2025
The
development
of
synthetic
modulators
for
human
free
fatty
acid
receptors
(FFARs)
has
gained
attention
addressing
diabetes,
metabolic
syndrome,
and
dyslipidaemia.
A
new
dual
FFAR1
(GPR40)
FFAR4
(GPR120)
agonist,
DFL23916,
was
recently
identified
to
improve
glucose
homeostasis,
prompting
investigations
into
its
effects
on
disorders.
This
study
assessed
the
selectivity
toxicity
DFL23916
in
vitro
evaluated
vivo
using
Drosophila
melanogaster
models
high-sugar
(HSD)
high-fat
diets
(HFD).
showed
no
off-target
activities
with
toxicity/hepatotoxicity
cultured
cells.
In
adult
HSD-fed
flies
defective
mobility,
oral
administration
enhanced
climbing
speed
a
concentration-dependent
manner
reduced
high
content
triglyceride
levels
alongside
markers
insulin
resistance.
compound
did
not
affect
viability
food
intake
exposed
chronic
overcaloric
conditions
but
it
inhibited
progressive
weight
gain.
Similarly,
larvae
remained
unaffected
by
while
counteracted
elevation
lipid
droplet
size
caused
HSD
HFD.
Finally,
silico
analysis
highlighted
relevance
evolutionary
conserved
sensing,
suggesting
putative
candidates
binding.
Collectively,
these
findings
indicated
safe
profile
efficacy
ameliorating
hyperglycaemic
hyperlipidaemic
features
fed
flies.
Our
results
only
suggest
that
could
be
potential
candidate
further
investigation
context
disorders
also
reinforce
D.
as
valuable
model
preclinical
evaluation
interventions,
including
FFAR-targeting
strategies.
