The impact of weight loss on fat-free mass, muscle, bone and hematopoiesis health: Implications for emerging pharmacotherapies aiming at fat reduction and lean mass preservation

Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 156057 - 156057

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Considering the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists in women with obesity prior to pregnancy: a narrative review

Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 311(5), P. 1241 - 1247

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Abstract Purpose Metabolic disease, including obesity and type 2 diabetes, are amongst the most significant health issues facing women of reproductive age. To date, no antenatal weight management tools have reduced risk adverse outcomes for with their offspring, resulting in a shift focus to pre-conception period. Although not yet recognised international guidelines, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) being increasingly used prior conception. Methods A literature search PubMed, Medline, Embase databases identified relevant articles describing use GLP-1 RAs during pregnancy. Papers were selected based on relevance originality, clinical trials, large observational studies meta-analyses preferentially included. Results This narrative review summarises mechanism action effects observed non-pregnant adults. It synthesises available data from human animal regarding safety efficacy pregnancy, consequences inadvertent drug exposure early In considering need balance risks metabolic disease posed by exposure, it highlights areas where further research is needed guide decision-making. Conclusion may role facilitating loss improving However, there currently insufficient evidence demonstrate that this class drugs pregnancy improves outcomes.

Language: Английский

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GLP-1-based therapies for type 2 diabetes: from single, dual and triple agonists to endogenous GLP-1 production and L-cell differentiation

Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin peptide hormone mainly secreted by enteroendocrine intestinal L-cells. GLP-1 also α-cells of the pancreas and central nervous system (CNS). secretion stimulated nutrient intake exerts its effects on glucose homeostasis stimulating insulin secretion, gastric emptying confiding food intake, β-cell proliferation. The insulinotropic GLP-1, reduction in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), have made attractive option for treatment T2DM. Furthermore, GLP-1-based medications such as receptor agonists dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, been shown to improve control preclinical clinical trials with human subjects. Importantly, increasing endogenous production different mechanisms or number L-cells that tend produce this may be another effective therapeutic approach managing Herein, we briefly describe agents/compounds enhance function. Then, will discuss approaches can increase through various stimuli. Finally, introduce potential L-cell differentiation future alternative

Language: Английский

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Role of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in People With Infertility and Pregnancy

Obstetrics and Gynecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Obesity is a chronic condition that causes significant morbidity and mortality in people the United States around world. Traditional means of weight loss include diet, exercise, behavioral modifications, surgery. New medications, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, are revolutionizing management but have implications for fertility pregnancy. associated with infertility may affect response to ovulation induction medications. In pregnancy, obesity increases risks spontaneous abortion, birth defects, gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders cesarean delivery, stillbirth. Lifestyle changes alone not improved outcomes. Glucagon-like agonists new medications targeting gut hormones can help achieve their goals contraindicated Obstetrician-gynecologists should work patients manage these before they become pregnant, between pregnancies, after delivery.

Language: Английский

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A System-Based Review on Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: Benefits vs Risks

Cureus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), an incretin hormone primarily secreted by L-cells in the gut, prompts insulin release, thus reducing blood sugar levels and causing weight loss inducing feelings of fullness while curbing appetite. GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) mimic its effects, proving highly effective managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) facilitating loss. While predominantly approved for T2DM obesity, RAs also hold promise treating other conditions like heart kidney disease, with ongoing research exploring additional therapeutic applications. These exhibit diverse effects within different organ systems, influencing such as psoriasis, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiopulmonary dysfunction. This study aims to comprehensively review impact on various body emphasizing both positive negative addressing existing knowledge gaps literature. By enhancing understanding RAs, this contribute a broader awareness their potential. systemic uses Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines ensure robust transparent search process, aiming minimize bias maximize retrieval pertinent studies review, where past RAs' interactions bodily systems were analyzed. The hypothesis posits that systems-based RA mechanisms will reveal across multiple providing comprehensive insights into hormone's physiological impact. systematic assess appropriateness aforementioned patient health states, shedding light potential impacts comorbidities. With surge popularity management, enhance informed decision-making regarding these medications, countering trends driven celebrity endorsements promoting better healthcare outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Use of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists and incretin mimetics for type 2 diabetes and obesity: A narrative review

Nutrition in Clinical Practice, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Abstract Incretin mimetics, including glucagon‐like peptide‐1 and glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide agonists, have become first‐line treatment options for the of type 2 diabetes obesity. Their therapeutic status is attributed to their high level efficacy as well positive impact on related comorbidities, such sleep apnea heart failure. Multiple incretin mimetics are currently available with different durations drug action, dosing frequencies, delivery devices. Patients may benefit from education proper administration, anticipated adverse effects, nutrition considerations treatment. Practitioners must monitor progress support patient achieve maintenance doses optimal weight reduction diabetes‐related outcomes. This review aims present current literature supporting US Food Drug Administration–approved indications equip healthcare professionals optimize care patients who prescribed these agents, provide insights into potential future applications, which include dual‐ or triple‐mechanism agents that injected administered orally. Additional studies existing diabetes, obesity, comorbidities in a rapidly developing pipeline.

Language: Английский

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Beyond metformin: the expanding landscape of Type 2 diabetes treatment

SA pharmaceutical journal., Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 92(1), P. 30 - 34

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Dysregulation of Metabolic Peptides in the Gut–Brain Axis Promotes Hyperinsulinemia, Obesity, and Neurodegeneration

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 132 - 132

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Metabolic peptides can influence metabolic processes and contribute to both inflammatory and/or anti-inflammatory responses. Studies have shown that there are thousands of peptides, made up short chains amino acids, the human body produces. These crucial for regulating many different like metabolism cell signaling, as they bind receptors on various cells. This review will cover role three specific their roles in hyperinsulinemia, diabetes, inflammation, neurodegeneration, well type 3 diabetes dementia. The glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), gastric inhibitor polypeptide (GIP), pancreatic (PP) be discussed, dysregulation within lead development neurodegenerative diseases. Research has been able closely investigate connections between these links gut–brain axis, highlighting changes gut dysfunction brain, brain gut. potentially reversal diseases such obesity, 2 also discussed. Furthermore, we potential conditions neuroinflammation dementia, specifically Parkinson’s disease Alzheimer’s disease.

Language: Английский

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Adipocentric Strategy for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 678 - 678

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

The global prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) has risen in parallel over recent decades. Most individuals diagnosed with T2D exhibit adiposopathy-related (ARD), a condition characterized by hyperglycemia accompanied three core features: increased ectopic visceral fat deposition, dysregulated adipokine secretion favoring pro-inflammatory state, insulin resistance. Despite advancements precision medicine, international guidelines for continue to prioritize individualized therapeutic approaches focused on glycemic control complications, many healthcare providers predominantly maintain glucocentric strategy. This review advocates an adipocentric treatment paradigm most T2D, emphasizing the importance prioritizing weight loss reduction as key drivers intensification. By combining lifestyle modifications pharmacological agents that promote loss—including SGLT-2 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, or dual GLP-1/GIP agonists—and, when appropriate, metabolic surgery, this approach offers potential disease remission patients shorter duration. For others, it enables superior compared traditional glucose-centered strategies while simultaneously delivering cardiovascular renal benefits. In conclusion, framework ARD, which represents majority cases, effectively integrates cardio-nephrocentric goals. constitutes optimal strategy ARD due its efficacy achieving remission, improving control, addressing obesity-related comorbidities, reducing morbidity mortality.

Language: Английский

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The role of gut–islet axis in pancreatic islet function and glucose homeostasis

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Abstract The gastrointestinal tract plays a vital role in the occurrence and treatment of metabolic diseases. Recent studies have convincingly demonstrated bidirectional axis communication between gut islets, enabling to influence glucose metabolism energy homeostasis animals strongly. ‘gut–islet axis’ is an essential endocrine signal that regulates islet function through dialogue intestinal microecology metabolism. discovery glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1), gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) other hormones has initially set up bridge cells. However, factors remains largely unknown, such as microbiota integrity barrier. Although primarily resides affect function, they also extra‐intestinal organs by absorbing transferring metabolites derived from microorganisms. As result this transfer, islets may be continuously exposed gut‐derived components. Changes composition can damage barrier varying degrees, resulting increased permeability bacteria their derivatives. All these changes contribute severe disturbance critical pathways peripheral tissues organs. In review, we outlined different gut–islet signalling mechanisms associated with summarized latest progress complex molecules microbiota. addition, will discuss impact renin–angiotensin system (RAS) on various components regulate homeostasis. This work indicates therapeutic approaches aiming restore microbial homeostasis, probiotics faecal transplantation (FMT), shown great potential improving outcomes, enhancing patient prognosis slowing down disease progression. Future research should further uncover molecular links explore individualized strategies, which provide innovative perspective approach for diagnosis

Language: Английский

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