Contribution of Road Vehicle Tyre Wear to Microplastics and Ambient Air Pollution

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 522 - 522

Published: Jan. 7, 2024

Tyre particles are generated by shear forces between the tread and road or volatilisation. abrasion (wear) contributes from one-third to half of microplastics unintentionally released into environment. The major part ends up in soil, a considerable amount is aquatic environment, small percentage becomes airborne. Nevertheless, tyre 5–30% transport particulate matter (PM) emissions. This corresponds approximately 5% total ambient PM particle mass size distribution peak at around 20 100 μm, with second 2–10 μm range. A nucleation mode has been reported some studies. absolute levels depend on tyre, vehicle, characteristics, but also environmental conditions driving style. Most emission factors literature based data prior year 2000. We aggregated recent studies found mean 110 mg/km per vehicle 68 mg/km/t for passenger cars (based 300 measurements). Based limited number studies, PM10 emissions were 1.4–2.2 tyre. On other hand, order 1010 #/km ratio was be 2.5% average. Finally, PM2.5 calculated 40%. Various mitigation measures pollution could envisaged; most direct limitation rate, as proposed European Commission Euro 7 regulation. Other regulatory initiatives discussed.

Language: Английский

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An overview of the key topics related to the study of tire particles and their chemical leachates: From problems to solutions

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 172, P. 117563 - 117563

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

The environmental contamination and biological impacts of tire particles their associated chemicals is great concern. Variously termed as wear (TWP), road (TRWP), end-of-life tires (ELTs) to differentiate between possible compositions sources in the environment, these rubber are a major source plastic pollution. array added that leach into environment presents an additional environmental, toxicological regulatory challenge. In this review, we define several topic areas relevant study particles, outlining current state ongoing challenges. Emissions estimates needed establish loads based on dated, summarised dataset rather than measured data, but determining presence hampered by lack standardised sampling methods. Several techniques for analysis available, variability model composition makes selection analytical markers challenging, does commercial standards. Toxicologically, there remains need delineate particle leachate effects and, addition, investigate emerging concern transformation products. Such knowledge required feed processes which currently regulate constituents separately whole tire. Technological solutions capture or replace progressing, often outside academia, it important scientific community collaborate with those attempting reduce impact tires, including industry.

Language: Английский

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Tracking the biogeochemical behavior of tire wear particles in the environment – A review

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 480, P. 136184 - 136184

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

Language: Английский

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Adapting Methods for Isolation and Enumeration of Microplastics to Quantify Tire Road Wear Particles with Confirmation by Pyrolysis GC–MS

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

The complex, varied composition (i.e., rubbers/elastomers, carbon black, fillers, additives, and embedded road materials) wide density range of tire wear particles (TRWPs) present challenges for their isolation identification from environmental matrices. Reliable quantification is important understanding the fate potential adverse effects TRWPs. To address monitoring needs, work adapts a series steps methods commonly applied microplastic analysis single-particle-level enumeration TRWPs samples. We method performance two-stage separation with saturated NaCl sodium polytungstate to isolate sediment matrices, compatibility microrubber reagents used digestion use elasticity heat resistance observations differentiate bitumen particulates, which are visual interference. found that alkaline digestions (NaOH KOH) compatible microrubbers, but hydrogen peroxide hypochlorite can cause lose flatten or break when probed. adapted were dust samples, subset identified was qualitatively confirmed by both scanning electron microscopy pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Further, compilation aspect ratio measurements between 63 500 μm (N = 780) isolated urban sediments shows diversity TRWP shapes in environment.

Language: Английский

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Do Microplastics Contribute to the Total Number Concentration of Ice Nucleating Particles?

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 130(2)

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Abstract Microplastics (MPs) can be transported into clouds, where they may act as ice nucleating particles (INPs). However, MPs have not been considered contributors to INP concentrations. Here, we quantify road traffic‐related MP number concentrations, and estimate their contribution total concentrations using the atmospheric transport model FLEXPART. We find that under a high emission scenario ice‐active account from about 0.1% more than 40% of in immersion freezing conditions tropics, whereas for cirrus conditions, up 7% over tropical Pacific 20% East Antarctica. Thus, regions other effective INPs are rare, sufficient trigger heterogeneous nucleation crystals mixed‐phase clouds or cirrus. This suggests affect cloud formation highlights need reduce uncertainty emissions fate atmosphere plastic use continues grow.

Language: Английский

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Deposition rates and air concentrations of tire and road wear particles near a motorway in Germany

Atmospheric Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 121228 - 121228

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Reply to road markings and microplastics- a critical literature review

Transportation Research Part D Transport and Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 132, P. 104265 - 104265

Published: May 30, 2024

This is a reply to the recently published paper Road markings and microplastics- A critical literature review. In our opinion, that presented deceptive picture, of why we found it necessary write short where comment on two major flaws: stated lack road in environmental samples, definition microplastics. We discuss possible reasons for absence positive findings samples relate issues within research area complexity analytical difficulties. also argue can be relevant upcoming studies report both total microplastic concentration polymer content facilitate comparison between since microplastics might change over time.

Language: Английский

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Measures to Reduce the Discharge of tire Wear into the Environment

Microplastics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(2), P. 305 - 321

Published: June 4, 2024

The environmental impact of tire wear emissions has become increasingly apparent, and efforts to reduce their on the environment are rise. To minimise generation wear, it is essential consider influencing factors. However, as cannot be entirely prevented, measures immissions also necessary. This paper summarises possible derived from literature, stakeholder workshops, authors’ own conclusions, taking into account different perspectives: tire, vehicle, road, sustainable mobility treatment. presentation entry paths hotspots can used prioritise reduction measures. Measures should implemented at a political level, technical solutions applied, awareness raised among general public. It evident that reducing complex task requires transdisciplinary approach.

Language: Английский

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Priorities to inform research on tire particles and their chemical leachates: A collective perspective

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 120222 - 120222

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Traffic Intensity as a Factor Influencing Microplastic and Tire Wear Particle Pollution in Snow Accumulated on Urban Roads

Water, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(20), P. 2907 - 2907

Published: Oct. 13, 2024

Traffic-related roads are an underestimated source of synthetic particles in the environment. This study investigated impact traffic volume on microplastic (MP) and tire wear particle (TWP) pollution road snow. An examination was conducted a medium-sized city situated northeastern Poland, known for being one cleanest regions country. MPs TWPs were found at all 54 sites, regardless intensity traffic. The average concentration samples 354.72 pcs/L. Statistically significant differences between values low, medium, heavy roads, amounting to 62.32 pcs/L, 335.97 792.76 respectively. Within three studied groups with smallest size, ranging from 50 200 μm, prevalent. In four analyzed shapes found, irregular fragments most abundant form (89.23%). frequently recorded color among collected black (99.85%), least blue, constituting only 0.01%. suggests that snow cover may act like temporary storage pollutants during winter particularly temperate climate zone and, after thawing can significantly increase surface waters. Possible measures decrease release into environment include reducing speed, implementing street sweeping, utilizing filtration chambers, installing stormwater bioretention systems or settling ponds.

Language: Английский

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