Unravelling the genetics of fat accumulation in the house fly to foster circular economy DOI Creative Commons
Francesco Boatta

Published: Dec. 8, 2023

The world population is growing at an unprecedent rate and solutions to sustainably feed the increasing are urgently needed. Insects rich in protein lipids hence they represent a valid alternative source of these nutrients. Selecting for leaner or fatter phenotype insects could improve their application as food allow convert organic material into resources destined other applications respectively. To become successful target selection, trait must meet specific criteria such being genetically determined, heritable, showing potential respond selection. In this thesis I aim explore genetics fat accumulation house fly answer if meets three criteria. Chapter 2, provide general overview most up-to-date information on biology with particular emphasis its nutritional ecology, industrial species, relevant aspects, particularly light insect level. 2 wants be compendium those interested intriguing organism guide that want harness purposes. 3 first important question understand artificial selection: it determined? Chapter, used strains originated from different European locations. These were tested common environment two temperatures investigate ontogeny reserves. results experiment show there strong effect strain reserves, suggesting genetic component determines trait. 4 answering second about fly: heritable trait? Here estimated narrow sense heritability one by using half-sib paternal experimental design statistical models. High estimates found models giving similar results. discuss meaning our result selecting flies improved characteristics. 5 last regarding answered: can selection? evolution test response selective pressure. exposed larvae multiple generations nutritionally challenging diets. work we diets induced direct, plastic responses storage. Moreover, also when reversed ancestral diet, lines administrated differed significantly providing proof long lasting changes have occurred strains. Lastly, dedicate 6 discussion obtained give synthesis possibility select fat-tailored phenotypes content included goal selection program.

Language: Английский

Framework for valorizing waste- and by-products through insects and their microbiomes for food and feed DOI Creative Commons

Asmus Toftkær Muurmann,

Marija Banović, M. Thomas P. Gilbert

et al.

Food Research International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 187, P. 114358 - 114358

Published: April 19, 2024

One third of the food produced for human consumption is currently lost or wasted. Insects have a high potential converting organic waste- and by-products into feed growing population due to symbiosis with microorganisms. These symbioses provide an untapped reservoir functional microbiomes that can be used improve industrial insect production but are poorly studied in most species. Here we review current understanding challenges valorizing through insects their feed, emerging novel technologies investigate manipulate host(insects)-microbiome interactions. We further construct holistic framework, by integration including holo-omics, genome editing, breeding, phage therapy, administration prebiotics probiotics interactions, solutions achieving stakeholder acceptance sustainable production.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Correlated response to selection for increased body weight on fecundity in Hermetia illucens DOI Creative Commons

Kriti Shrestha,

Petra Junes,

Estelle van den Boer

et al.

Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 24, 2025

Abstract Genetic improvement through artificial selection holds potential for improving production of the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). A long‐term increased larval body weight is in place fly. To investigate impact on egg this species, four tests were conducted, assessing phenotypic relationship between pupal weight, clutch number eggs, and size. measure fecundity, clutches collected from individual females. The (BW) line, selected 14, 21, 32 generations, compared with those base population (BP) line to evaluate effect reproductive output maternal pupae showed a strong positive correlation (0.73) moderate (0.47) eggs. (0.79) eggs (0.51) length an egg. BW significantly higher performance over BP about 18%–49% increase per female, 24%–30% clutch, 3%–4% linear mixed model that had generations line. Assessment relationships no evidence trade‐offs female flies study. This research provides first empirical fecundity response

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Variation in strain performance and estimates of heritability of body size indicate considerable potential for genetic improvement of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) DOI Creative Commons
Tomas N. Generalovic, Christoph Sandrock, Stephanie A. Leonard

et al.

Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

Abstract The black soldier fly ( Hermetia illucens L., Diptera: Stratiomyidae) has emerged as a key species in the sustainable protein industry. Whilst genetic variation performance been suggested, extent of heritability and genotype‐by‐environment (G × E) interactions this remains relatively unexplored. This study used standardised split‐brood design linear mixed effect models to evaluate effects at between‐ within‐strain levels across diets environments. In first experiment, three strains were tested identify strain diet interactions. Significant observed for larval weights, development, family viability content, indicating differential adaptability specific dietary substrates. second experiment expanded on these results by testing two diets, but with larger number families n = 23) individual‐level phenotyping body size using 4018 individuals. Moreover, crude estimates narrow‐sense h 2 ) obtained full‐sibling design. Heritability prepupal high: 0.67 0.78, respectively, although will be upwardly biased if there is substantial non‐additive variation. Together, our highlight potential selective breeding optimise industrial applications, supporting growth novel

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Estimation of genetic parameters for the implementation of selective breeding in commercial insect production DOI Creative Commons
Laura Hansen, Stine Frey Laursen, Simon Bahrndorff

et al.

Genetics Selection Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 56(1)

Published: March 25, 2024

Abstract Background There is a burgeoning interest in using insects as sustainable source of food and feed, particularly by capitalising on various waste materials by-products that are typically considered low value. Enhancing the commercial production can be achieved through two main approaches: optimising environmental conditions implementing selective breeding strategies. In order to successfully target desirable traits breeding, having thorough understanding genetic parameters pertaining those essential. this study, full-sib half-sib mating design was used estimate variance components heritabilities for larval size survival at day seven development, development time from egg adult, correlations between these traits, within an outbred population house flies ( Musca domestica ), high-throughput phenotyping data collection. Results The results revealed intermediate positive all except adulthood. Surprisingly, exhibited comparatively heritability (0.10) contrast (0.25), trait believed have stronger association with overall fitness. A decline family numbers resulting success high mortality reduced amount available which resulted large standard errors estimated parameters. Environmental factors made substantial contribution phenotypic variation, traits. Conclusions potential improvement studied estimates indicate partly shared architecture among All errors. Implementing imperative estimation fast developing insects, facilitates age synchronisation, vital population. spite endeavours minimise non-genetic sources demonstrated influences components. This emphasises necessity attention experimental before initiated insect populations.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Drivers of genomic diversity and phenotypic development in early phases of domestication in Hermetia illucens DOI Creative Commons
Kelvin L. Hull, Matthew P. Greenwood, Melissa Lloyd

et al.

Insect Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(6), P. 756 - 776

Published: July 4, 2024

Abstract The black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens , has the ability to efficiently bioremediate organic waste into usable bio‐compounds. Understanding impact of domestication and mass rearing on fitness production traits is therefore important for sustainable production. This study aimed assess patterns genomic diversity its association phenotypic development across early generations under two selection strategies: greater larval (SEL lines) no direct artificial (NS lines). Genome‐wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data were generated using 2bRAD sequencing, while relating population measured. Declining observed three captive breeding, with lowest recorded F3 generation both lines, most likely due founder effects. SEL cohort displayed statistically significantly weight com NS lines pronounced genetic directional changes generations. Furthermore, lower diversity, particularly traits, evident illustrating trade‐off between selecting resulting decline in fitness. SNP‐based heritability was significant growth, but low or non‐significant traits. Genotype–phenotype correlations individual locus effect sizes where small very few these loci demonstrated a signature selection. Pronounced drift, effective sizes, overshadowing impacts consequently development. results hold particular relevance management selective breeding BSF future.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Comparative evaluation of phenotypic, pedigree, and family-based selection in insect breeding using stochastic simulation DOI Creative Commons
Laura Hansen, A.C. Bouwman, Goutam Sahana

et al.

animal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19(4), P. 101475 - 101475

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Review: A journey into the black soldier fly digestive system: from current knowledge to applied perspectives DOI Creative Commons
Daniele Bruno, Morena Casartelli, Jeroen De Smet

et al.

animal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101483 - 101483

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Trait selection in production insects—An introduction to the issue and a review of responses to artificial selection DOI

Willemijn F. Oudijk,

Abel J. M. Eerens,

Leo W. Beukeboom

et al.

Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 17, 2025

Abstract Production insects are cultured by humans to yield an agent or product of (commercial) interest. Four main categories as follows: produced for biological pest control, sterile insect technique, human food and animal feed, technical products services. Trait selection in production refers the choice traits that important producer, it improvement a trait through breeding. This special journal issue comprises series articles on selection, dealing with outcomes programmes well select. Although interest occasionally differ substantially between areas, methodologies may overlap results studies will be informative across fields. In this introduction, we first discuss aspects briefly summarize all contributions issue. Then systematically review literature effect sizes correlated responses artificial insects. We finish several general conclusions recommendations future research, based our

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The effect of phenotyping, adult selection, and mating strategies on genetic gain and rate of inbreeding in black soldier fly breeding programs DOI Creative Commons
Margot Slagboom, Hanne Marie Nielsen, Morten Kargo

et al.

Genetics Selection Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 56(1)

Published: Nov. 4, 2024

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to compare genetic gain and rate inbreeding for different mass selection breeding programs with the increasing larval body weight (LBW) in black soldier flies. differed in: (1) sampling individuals phenotyping (either random over whole population or a fixed number per full sib family), (2) adult flies (based on an individual’s phenotype LBW from larvae preselected based LBW), (3) mating strategy (mating group unequal male contributions controlled between two females one male). In addition, numbers phenotyped were varied. sex individual unknown during preselection had higher LBW, resulting more being preselected. Results Selecting their increased by 0.06 standard deviation units compared randomly selecting larvae. Fixing family 0.15 0.20% generation. Controlled decreased 0.02 0.03% Phenotyping than 4000 resulted lack males due sexual dimorphism. Preselecting both too few many could negatively impact gain, depending program. Conclusions A which fly is selected phenotype, animals mate at recommended flies, considering positive effect rates inbreeding. should be calculated expected female ensure sufficient candidates are selected.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Laboratory‐adapted and wild‐type black soldier flies express differential plasticity in bioconversion and nutrition when reared on urban food waste streams DOI Creative Commons
Qihui Zhang, Shaktheeshwari Silvaraju,

Phira Unadirekkul

et al.

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 104(3), P. 1521 - 1530

Published: Oct. 11, 2023

Abstract BACKGROUND The black soldier fly (BSF) offers a potential solution to address shortages of feed and food sources; however, selecting effective rearing substrates remains major hurdle in BSF farming. In an urban area like Singapore, current practice is based on homogeneous waste streams (e.g., spent brewery grains or okara) because heterogeneous wastes mixed kitchen/canteen surplus cooked food) present several operational challenges with respect the standardization development, nutritional content, harvesting. RESULTS this study, we compared two genetic strains larvae (wild‐type laboratory‐adapted line) bioconversion experiment diverse types (homogeneous/heterogeneous; plant/meat) quantified phenotypic plasticity. Our results demonstrate different plasticity performance, larval growth nutrition between lines. This difference may be attributed selective breeding line has experienced. Notably, lipid content displayed little no variation for protein carbohydrate content. Despite can produce better performance bioconversion, growth, nutrient than waste. All‐meat diets result high mortality but survival could rescued by mixing meat plant‐based wastes. CONCLUSION Overall, suggest using meals feeding. Targeted promising strategy industry it important consider selection effects carefully. © 2023 Authors. Journal Science Food Agriculture published John Wiley & Sons Ltd behalf Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

Citations

8