COPD - Pathology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Directions DOI

IntechOpen eBooks, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 20, 2023

His area of interest is the application fluid mechanics, mass transport, and feedback control (both positive negative) to biomedical problems.He recently became interested in problem chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as one caring for someone with pathology at end stage, he recognized that his engineering interests were strongly applicable disease.In connection, underlying disease, conventional treatment options, future directions understanding disease.This book composed eight chapters.The introductory chapter, "Mathematical Modeling Part a Collaborative Effort Improve COPD Treatment", emphasizes need cross-disciplinary collaborations make significant progress disease.It written from point view engineer.The second "The Complex Interplay: Unfolding Mechanisms Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease", introduces IV XIV complexity its origins mechanisms.The next two chap-ters discuss methods diagnosis treatment."Diagnosis Management Pul-monary Disease" does so general perspective, "Imaging Emphysema: A Comprehensive Review" describes manifestations on X-ray other imaging modalities provides guidance separating different physiological aspects.The three chapters some consequences might not be initially obvious.The fifith "Influence Disease Work Ability", details practical ability maintain employment remain productive.The sixth seventh chapter relate secondary effects both which are related critical risk disabling fall."Balance Impairments COPD" relates stable posture, while "Chronic Gait Disturbance: Is There Any Meaningful Link?Unveiling Interplay Addressing Challenges" more specifically ambulation.The final "Recent Advances addresses current research COPD.

Language: Английский

Mechanisms of CD8+ T cell exclusion and dysfunction in cancer resistance to anti-PD-(L)1 DOI Creative Commons
Keywan Mortezaee, Jamal Majidpoor

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 163, P. 114824 - 114824

Published: May 2, 2023

CD8+ T cells are the front-line defensive against cancer. Reduced infiltration and effector function of occurs in cancer is contributed to defective immunity immunotherapy resistance. Exclusion exhaustion two key factors associated with reduced durability immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. Initially activated upon exposure chronic antigen stimulation or immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) acquire a hyporesponsive state that progressively lose their function. Thus, strategy look for cell Targeting such can define promising supplementary approach patients receiving anti-programmed death-1 receptor (PD-1)/anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) Recently, bispecific antibodies developed PD-(L)1 dominant factor within TME, representing higher safety profile exerting more desired outcomes. The focus this review discuss about promoters deficient addressing ICI

Language: Английский

Citations

25
Spontaneous cancer remission after COVID-19: insights from the pandemic and their relevance for cancer treatment DOI Creative Commons

Concetta Meo,

Giuseppe Palma, Francesca Bruzzese

et al.

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: April 21, 2023

Abstract Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, it emerged that risk of severe outcomes was greater patients with co-morbidities, including cancer. The huge effort undertaken to fight affects management cancer care, influencing their outcome. Despite high fatality rate disease patients, rare cases temporary or prolonged clinical remission from cancers after SARS-CoV-2 infection have been reported. We reviewed sixteen case reports spontaneous reduction progression. Fourteen following viral infections and two anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. immune response COVID-19, may be implicated both tumor regression, Specifically, we discuss potential mechanisms which include oncolytic priming hypotheses, contributed regression these could useful for future options treatment.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
The impact of microbiota on PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy outcomes: A focus on solid tumors DOI
Sajad Najafi, Jamal Majidpoor, Keywan Mortezaee

et al.

Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 310, P. 121138 - 121138

Published: Oct. 26, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Firing up “cold” tumors: Ferroptosis causes immune activation by improving T cell infiltration DOI Open Access
Xinru Li, Yawen Li, Halahati Tuerxun

et al.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 179, P. 117298 - 117298

Published: Aug. 15, 2024

Immune checkpoint blocking (ICB), a tumor treatment based on the mechanism of T-cell activation, has shown high efficacy in clinical trials, but not all patients benefit from it. inhibitors (ICIs) do respond to cold tumors that lack effective infiltration well hot with sufficient infiltration. How convert an unresponsive into responsive is important topic cancer immunotherapy. Ferroptosis, newly discovered immunogenic cell death (ICD) form, great potential therapy. In process deeply understanding formation, it was found ferroptosis showed powerful immune-activating effect by improving infiltration, and combination ICB therapy significantly enhanced anti-tumor efficacy. This paper reviews complex relationship between T cells ferroptosis, as summarizes various mechanisms which enhances infiltration: reactivation reversal immunosuppressive microenvironment (TME), recent advances ICI targeted therapies, provides guidance for better tumors.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Bypassing anti-PD-(L)1 therapy: Mechanisms and management strategies DOI Creative Commons
Keywan Mortezaee, Jamal Majidpoor, Sajad Najafi

et al.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 158, P. 114150 - 114150

Published: Dec. 26, 2022

Resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a major issue of the current era in cancer immunotherapy. Immune evasion multi-factorial event, which occurs generally at base cold immunity. Despite advances field, there are still unsolved challenges about how combat hijacked by tumor cells and what complementary treatment strategies render durable anti-tumor outcomes. A point that anti-programed death-1 receptor (PD-1)/anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) not solo path escape, responses many types solid tumors PD-1/PD-L1 satisfactory. Thus, seeking mechanisms inter-connecting with its ecosystem nearby unravel more resistance so as develop methods for sustained reinvigoration activity against cancer. In this review, we aimed discuss common specific paths taken evade surveillance, describing novel detection strategies, well suggesting some approaches recover sensitivity anti-PD-(L)1 therapy based on knowledge.

Language: Английский

Citations

19
Roles of Interleukin-6-mediated immunometabolic reprogramming in COVID-19 and other viral infection-associated diseases DOI
Yingshuang Li,

Hua-Cheng Ren,

Jian-hua Cao

et al.

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 110, P. 109005 - 109005

Published: June 28, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Dysregulated metabolism: A friend-to-foe skewer of macrophages DOI
Keywan Mortezaee, Jamal Majidpoor

International Reviews of Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 42(4), P. 287 - 303

Published: July 6, 2022

Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of solid cancers. Macrophages as major constituents immune system take important roles in regulation tumorigenesis. Pro-tumor M2 macrophages preferentially use oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to meet their metabolic demands, while anti-tumor M1 glycolysis dominant source. Dysregulation systems driving force skewing from toward phenotypical state. Hyperactive macrophages, for instance, release products that are contributed macrophage polarization. Thus, remodeling through reinstating normalization can be an effective tool cancer therapy. The key focus this review over and factors influencing acquisition cancer, well discussing bout strategies adjust metabolism reeducation M1-like phenotype.

Language: Английский

Citations

16
Ketogenic Diet and Ketone Bodies as Clinical Support for the Treatment of SARS-CoV-2—Review of the Evidence DOI Creative Commons
Izabela Bolesławska, Magdalena Kowalówka,

Natasza Bolesławska-Król

et al.

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 1262 - 1262

Published: May 27, 2023

One of the proposed nutritional therapies to support drug therapy in COVID-19 is use a ketogenic diet (KD) or ketone bodies. In this review, we summarized evidence from tissue, animal, and human models looked at mechanisms action KD/ketone bodies against COVID-19. were shown be effective stage virus entry into host cell. The β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), by preventing metabolic reprogramming associated with infection improving mitochondrial function, reduced glycolysis CD4+ lymphocytes improved respiratory chain could provide an alternative carbon source for oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Through multiple mechanisms, supported immune response. animal models, KD resulted protection weight loss hypoxemia, faster recovery, lung injury, better survival young mice. humans, increased survival, need hospitalization COVID-19, showed protective role abnormalities after It appears that may considered as clinical intervention assist treatment despite fact numerous studies indicate SARS-CoV-2 alone induce ketoacidosis. However, such requires strong scientific validation.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Altered ACE2 and interferon landscape in the COVID-19 microenvironment correlate with the anti-PD-1 response in solid tumors DOI Creative Commons
Karthikeyan Subbarayan, Ahmed Al‐Samadi,

Helene Schäfer

et al.

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 81(1)

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Abstract Angiotensensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) is a receptor for SARS-CoV-2, allowing the virus to enter cells. Although tumor patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 often have worse outcome, expression, function and clinical relevance of ACE2 in tumors has not yet been thoroughly analyzed. In this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data from tumors, adjacent tissues whole blood samples COVID-19 genome databases cell lines endothelial cells with different variants or transfected an expression vector (ACE2 high ) mock low were analyzed immune response relevant molecules silico qPCR, flow cytometry, Western blot and/or RNA-seq. The differential profiles vs. correlated available RNA-seq datasets. demonstrated upregulated mRNA protein levels HLA class I, programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), components antigen processing machinery (APM) interferon (IFN) signaling pathway compared Co-cultures peripheral mononuclear increased migration infiltration towards cells, apoptosis release innate immunity-related cytokines altered NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Thus, was associated model systems upon infection host immunogenicity, which might influence efficacy checkpoint inhibitors. These results provide novel insights into (patho)physiological role on response-relevant mechanisms suggest alternative strategy reduce severity targeting ACE2-induced IFN-PD-L1 axis.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Health influence of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) on cancer: a review DOI Creative Commons

Rachel Parise,

Yiran E Li,

Rishi Nadar

et al.

Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 54(10), P. 1395 - 1405

Published: Oct. 1, 2022

The novel coronavirus, namely, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), broke out two years ago and has caused major global health issues. Adequate treatment options are still lacking for the management of COVID-19 viral infections. Many patients afflicted with may range from asymptomatic to severe symptomatic, triggering poor clinical outcomes, morbidity, mortality. Cancer is one leading causes death worldwide. It pertinent re-examine cancer prevalence during pandemic prevent mortality complications. Understanding impact on key appropriate healthcare measures prevention this vulnerable population. Data was acquired PubMed using search terms. Additional databases were utilized, such as Centers Disease Prevention Control, American Society (ACS), National Institute (NCI). more prone infection exhibit possibly due a chronic immunosuppressive state anticancer therapies. Male sex, older age, active disease or previous risk factors infection, possible complications, including morbidity speculated mechanism potentially higher complications through reduced immune system function inflammatory processes disease, therapy, infection. This review includes prostate, breast, ovarian, hematologic, lung, colorectal, esophageal, bladder, pancreatic, cervical, head neck cancers. should help better maintain direct clinicians improve overall outcomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

9