A Multivariant Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test Demonstrates Distinct SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibody Responses in People Living with HIV after a Fourth Monovalent mRNA Vaccination or an Omicron Breakthrough Infection DOI Creative Commons
David Niklas Springer,

Simon Daller,

Michael Knappik

et al.

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 822 - 822

Published: April 16, 2024

While neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) induced by monovalent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccinations are primarily directed against the wildtype (WT), subsequent exposure to Omicron variants may increase breadth of antibodies’ cross-neutralizing activity. Here, we analyzed impact an breakthrough infection (BTI) or a fourth mRNA vaccination on nAb profiles in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). Using multivariant surrogate neutralization test (sVNT), quantified nAbs 36 three-times vaccinated PLWH, whom 9 acquired serologically confirmed BTI, 8 received vaccine dose, and 19 were neither infected nor additionally vaccinated. WT Delta increased after BTI vaccination, significant BA.1, BA.2, BA.5 was only observed BTI. However, there no difference concentrations between samples obtained vaccination. In contrast, levels significantly lower who three vaccinations. Thus, our study demonstrates suitability sVNT assess hybrid humoral immunity BTIs PLWH SARS-CoV-2.

Language: Английский

Full seroconversion in initial non-responders with higher antibody levels after heterologous COVID-19 vaccination schedule. DOI
Angelika Wagner, Anna Ohradanova‐Repic, Laura Gebetsberger

et al.

Immunology Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 250, P. 1 - 6

Published: Sept. 13, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Immunological imprinting of humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in children DOI Creative Commons
Alexander C. Dowell, Tara Lancaster,

Rachel Bruton

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 26, 2022

Abstract Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 are globally dominant and infection rates very high in children. We determined immune responses following BA.1/2 children aged 6-14 years related this to prior subsequent or vaccination. Primary elicited a weak antibody response with poor functional neutralizing antibodies. Subsequent reinfection COVID-19 vaccination increased titres broad neutralisation subvariants. Prior pre-Omicron virus primed for robust but these remained primarily focussed against ancestral variants. thus elicits which is boosted after Cellular were broadly equivalent all groups, providing protection severe disease irrespective variant. Immunological imprinting likely act as an important determinant long-term humoral immunity, the future clinical importance unknown.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
A rational strategy for the maintenance of antiviral immunity to new SARS-CoV-2 strains DOI Creative Commons
Владимир П. Баклаушев, Gaukhar M. Yusubalieva, Mikhail V. Bychinin

et al.

Journal of clinical practice, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 43 - 55

Published: Oct. 26, 2022

New variants of SARS-CoV-2 such as Omicron BA.2, BA.4/5, BA.2.12.1 and BA 2.75 are characterized by higher infectivity the ability to escape virus-neutralizing antibodies against previous coronavirus variants. The S-trimer BA.2 its phylogenetic derivatives a predominant Up-conformation, which facilitates interaction with ACE2 on target cells promotes resistance neutralizing antibodies. immunity acquired from infection earlier strains is non-sterile for both early later strains; booster systemic immunization does not significantly affect effectiveness antiviral immunity, feasibility currently being questioned. Studies mucosal immune response have shown that intranasal adenovirus vaccines provides more pronounced protective than reimmunization does. A promising approach creation multivalent inhaled next generation containing immunoadjuvants activate B- T-cell immunity. Currently, large number undergoing phase I/II trials, while preclinical preliminary clinical results indicate this method vaccination better at entry site virus This strategy may provide long-term protection existing yet unknown new SARS-CoV-2.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
A highly sensitive bead-based flow cytometric competitive binding assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody activity DOI Creative Commons
Xiangyu Yao, Zhichao Zhang,

Qingmin Mei

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Nov. 30, 2022

Accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody (nAb) is critical for assessing the immunity levels after virus infection or vaccination. As fast, cost-effective alternatives to viral infection-based assays, competitive binding (CB) assays were developed quantitate nAb by monitoring ability sera inhibit spike (S) protein angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Herein, we established a bead-based flow cytometric CB assay and tested performance six combination models, i.e. immobilized ACE2 soluble Fc-tagged S1 subunit S (iACE2/S1-Fc), receptor domain (RBD) (iACE2/RBD-Fc), (iS1/ACE2-Fc), His-tagged (iS1/ACE2-His), RBD (iRBD/ACE2-Fc), (iRBD/ACE2-His). Using monoclonal antibodies convalescent COVID-19 patients vaccinated subjects, models iACE2/RBD-Fc, iACE2/S1-Fc iS1/ACE2-His identified be able specifically detect nAb, among which iACE2/RBD-Fc model showed highest sensitivity, superior commercial surrogate neutralization test (sVNT) ELISA kit. Further studies demonstrated that sensitivity specificity affected tag ACE2, type method measuring rate between spike. Moreover, good in detecting kinetic development against both prototype strain an omicron variant people immunized inactivated vaccine, results are correlated well with those live virus-based pseudovirus-based tests, demonstrating potential into highly sensitive, specific, versatile high-throughput clinical practice.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
A Multivariant Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test Demonstrates Distinct SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibody Responses in People Living with HIV after a Fourth Monovalent mRNA Vaccination or an Omicron Breakthrough Infection DOI Creative Commons
David Niklas Springer,

Simon Daller,

Michael Knappik

et al.

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 822 - 822

Published: April 16, 2024

While neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) induced by monovalent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccinations are primarily directed against the wildtype (WT), subsequent exposure to Omicron variants may increase breadth of antibodies’ cross-neutralizing activity. Here, we analyzed impact an breakthrough infection (BTI) or a fourth mRNA vaccination on nAb profiles in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). Using multivariant surrogate neutralization test (sVNT), quantified nAbs 36 three-times vaccinated PLWH, whom 9 acquired serologically confirmed BTI, 8 received vaccine dose, and 19 were neither infected nor additionally vaccinated. WT Delta increased after BTI vaccination, significant BA.1, BA.2, BA.5 was only observed BTI. However, there no difference concentrations between samples obtained vaccination. In contrast, levels significantly lower who three vaccinations. Thus, our study demonstrates suitability sVNT assess hybrid humoral immunity BTIs PLWH SARS-CoV-2.

Language: Английский

Citations

0