Pharmacological Research,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
197, P. 106969 - 106969
Published: Oct. 21, 2023
Globally,
HIV
infection
causes
significant
morbidity
and
mortality,
is
a
major
public
health
problem.
Despite
the
fact
that
widespread
use
of
antiretroviral
therapy
(ART)
has
substantially
altered
natural
history
from
originally
being
universally
lethal
disease
to
now
chronic
medical
condition
for
those
taking
appropriate
treatment,
approximately
10-40%
people
living
with
(PLWH)
who
take
effective
ART
maintain
long-term
viral
suppression
fail
achieve
normalization
CD4
+
T-cell
counts.
This
phenomenon
referred
as
incomplete
immune
reconstitution
or
immunological
non-response.
Although
precise
mechanisms
underlying
this
outcome
have
not
been
elucidated,
recent
evidence
indicates
excessive
pyroptosis
may
play
crucial
role
in
development
reconstitution.
Pyroptosis
characterized
by
formation
pores
cell
membrane,
rupture,
secretion
intracellular
contents
pro-inflammatory
cytokines,
including
IL-1β
IL-18.
inflammation-induced
programmed
death
leads
massive
loss
T-cells,
inflammatory
consequences
promote
sustain
Herein,
we
review
possible
pathways
activated
inflammasomes
act
switches
pyroptosis,
HIV,
well
relevance
T-cells
We
also
highlight
involved
reconstitution,
thus
paving
way
potential
targets
treatment