The Importance of Extracellular Vesicle Screening in Gastric Cancer: A 2024 Update

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(14), P. 2574 - 2574

Published: July 18, 2024

Extracellular vesicles, or EVs, are membrane-bound nanocompartments produced by tumor cells. EVs carry proteins and nucleic acids from host cells to target cells, where they can transfer lipids, proteomes, genetic material change the function of serve as reservoirs for mobile cellular signals. The collection using less invasive processes has piqued interest many researchers. Exosomes substances that suppress immune system. If results exosome screening negative, immunotherapy will be beneficial GC patients. In this study, we provide an update on based ongoing review papers clinical trials.

Language: Английский

---

Single-cell RNA sequencing to map tumor heterogeneity in gastric carcinogenesis paving roads to individualized therapy

Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 73(11)

Published: Sept. 13, 2024

Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly heterogeneous disease with complex tumor microenvironment (TME) that encompasses multiple cell types including cells, immune stromal and so on. Cancer-associated cells could remodel the TME influence progression of GC therapeutic response. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), as an emerging technology, has provided unprecedented insights into complicated biological composition characteristics at molecular, cellular, immunological resolutions, offering new idea for studies. In this review, we discuss novel findings from scRNA-seq datasets revealing origin evolution GC, powerful tool investigating transcriptional dynamics intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) in GC. Meanwhile, demonstrate vital within TME, T B macrophages, play important role progression. Additionally, also overview how facilitates our understanding about effects on individualized therapy patients. Spatial transcriptomes (ST) have been designed to determine spatial distribution capture local intercellular communication networks, enabling further relationship between background particular its functions. summary, other single-cell technologies provide valuable perspective molecular pathological hold promise advancing basic research clinical practice

Language: Английский

---

Reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages in gastric cancer: a pathway to enhanced immunotherapy

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 3, 2025

Gastric cancer (GC) remains a significant global health concern due to its poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options, particularly in advanced stages. Tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), plays key role tumor progression, immune evasion, therapy resistance. TAMs exhibit plasticity, shifting between pro-inflammatory M1 immunosuppressive M2 phenotypes, with the latter predominating GC contributing outcomes. Recent advancements focus on targeting TAMs, including inhibiting polarization, reprogramming combining TAM-targeted approaches checkpoint inhibitors. Innovations nanotechnology, metabolic reprogramming, pathways such as interleukin-6 C-C motif ligand 2/C-C chemokine receptor 2 further enhance these strategies. However, challenges remain, spatial functional heterogeneity of within TME need for selective avoid disrupting homeostasis. Ongoing research TAM origins, functions, interactions is crucial developing precise effective therapies. These advances hold promise not only improving outcomes but also addressing other cancers similarly complex microenvironments.

Language: Английский

---

SPP1‐SRD5A3 signaling axis regulated lymph node metastasis by activating Mucin type O glycan biosynthesis

The FASEB Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 39(7)

Published: April 2, 2025

Lymph node metastasis (LNM) holds substantial implications for the recurrence and survival of cancer patients, but intricate regulatory mechanisms underlying LNM remain poorly understood. MTOGB was dominantly increased in pan-cancer, significantly activated epithelial cells enriched LNM. Subsequently, we identified a specific cell subpopulation, EC4, located at terminal differentiation trajectory Lineage2. By intersecting differentially expressed genes cluster 2, EC4 Lineage2, six crucial genes. Notably, expression Steroid 5α-reductase 3 (SRD5A3) with progression stages. Knockdown SRD5A3 effectively suppressed MTOGB, blocking both animal models. Nilotinib screened as candidate inhibitor confirmed to remarkably decrease metastasis. SOX4 potential transcription factor SRD5A3, modulated by dramatic increase communication SPP1+ macrophages immune microenvironment. The supernatant from macrophage enhanced SOX4/SRD5A3 metastatic ability cells, this effect reversed deletion SPP1. Collectively, our findings illuminate SPP1-SRD5A3 signaling driver suggest that its blockade could be promising option overcoming

Language: Английский

---

IDO1 as a potential diagnostic biomarker for gastric cancer

Asian Journal of Surgery, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 47(10), P. 4351 - 4353

Published: July 3, 2024

Language: Английский

---

CD206 accelerates hepatocellular carcinoma progression by regulating the tumour immune microenvironment and increasing M2-type polarisation of tumour-associated macrophages and inflammation factor expression

Discover Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Sept. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

---