Coastal high-frequency radars in the Mediterranean – Part 1: Status of operations and a framework for future development

Ocean science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(3), P. 761 - 795

Published: June 1, 2022

Abstract. Due to the semi-enclosed nature of Mediterranean Sea, natural disasters and anthropogenic activities impose stronger pressures on its coastal ecosystems than in any other sea world. With aim responding adequately science priorities societal challenges, littoral waters must be effectively monitored with high-frequency radar (HFR) systems. This land-based remote sensing technology can provide, near-real time, fine-resolution maps surface circulation over broad areas, along reliable directional wave wind information. The main goal this work is showcase current status HFR network future roadmap for orchestrated actions. Ongoing collaborative efforts recent progress regional alliance are not only described but also connected European initiatives global frameworks, highlighting advantages cost-effective instrument multi-parameter monitoring state. Coordinated endeavors between operators from different multi-disciplinary institutions mandatory reach a mature stage at both national levels, striving do following: (i) harmonize deployment maintenance practices; (ii) standardize data, metadata, quality control procedures; (iii) centralize data management, visualization, access platforms; (iv) develop practical applications benefit that used strategic planning informed decision-making marine environment. Such fit-for-purpose serve search rescue operations, safe vessel navigation, tracking pollutants, extreme events, investigation transport processes, connectivity offshore ecosystems. Finally, prospects within framework discussed wealth socioeconomic, technical, scientific challenges faced during implementation integrated network.

Language: Английский

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On the Fate of Floating Marine Debris Carried to the Sea through the Main Rivers of Indonesia

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 1009 - 1009

Published: July 23, 2022

Plastic debris has become an acute marine pollution concern worldwide in modern times. Indonesia is particularly impacted because of its high population density, heavy rainfall rate and numerous coastlines. A Lagrangian analysis was performed to simulate the fate fictive drifting along surface currents, including tides Stokes drift. The particles were released according discharge 21 Indonesian rivers advected over 4 years. Most stranded coasts (60%), before 6 months had elapsed (84%) within a range 1000 km (76%). time variability exhibited two seasonal peaks, one centered on January-February June-July, consistent with situ observations. However, results underline complexity performing direct comparisons between observations numerical simulations for waste due limited measurements heterogeneity field methods protocols.

Language: Английский

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Transport and accumulation of floating marine litter in the Black Sea: insights from numerical modeling

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Aug. 14, 2023

Introduction Floating marine litter (FML) is a global problem with significant risks to life and human health. In semi-enclosed basins like the Black Sea, slow water replenishment strong input from European rivers create conditions that can lead accumulation of FML. This study aims validate utilize an FML dispersion numerical model. Additionally, it assesses influence Stokes drift on patterns in focusing contribution main river discharge points. Methods Numerical Lagrangian modeling adapted regional domain Sea was employed simulate Three scenarios were conducted: two involved homogeneous particle release, one considering drift, other excluding it. The third scenario release nine basins. Results southwest coast exhibited high density all scenarios. finding likely attributed cyclonic circulation, Danube River, northern rivers. Notably, consideration significantly impacted residence time particles offshore waters percentage washing up shore. Including increased beached 45.5% 75.5% reduced average 99 63 days. These results align recent literature, which emphasizes importance accounting for avoid overestimating times. Discussion model's findings provide valuable insights into Sea. eastern region near Georgian northwestern identified as high-density areas, corroborated by observational data. research underscores significance when transport, particularly concerning potential impacts coastal regions.

Language: Английский

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Coastal high-frequency radars in the Mediterranean – Part 2: Applications in support of science priorities and societal needs

Ocean science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(3), P. 797 - 837

Published: June 1, 2022

Abstract. The Mediterranean Sea is a prominent climate-change hot spot, with many socioeconomically vital coastal areas being the most vulnerable targets for maritime safety, diverse met-ocean hazards and marine pollution. Providing an unprecedented spatial temporal resolution at wide areas, high-frequency radars (HFRs) have been steadily gaining recognition as effective land-based remote sensing technology continuous monitoring of surface circulation, increasingly waves occasionally winds. HFR measurements boosted thorough scientific knowledge processes, also fostering broad range applications, which has promoted their integration in ocean observing systems worldwide, more than half European sites located areas. In this work, we present review existing data multidisciplinary science-based applications Sea, primarily focused on meeting end-user science-driven requirements, addressing regional challenges three main topics: (i) (ii) extreme (iii) environmental transport process. Additionally, capabilities required to underpin underlying science further development are analyzed. outcome assessment allowed us provide set recommendations future improvement prospects maximize contribution extending products into societally relevant downstream services support blue growth helping meet UN's Decade Ocean Science Sustainable Development EU's Green Deal goals.

Language: Английский

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LOCATE v1.0: numerical modelling of floating marine debris dispersion in coastal regions using Parcels v2.4.2

Geoscientific model development, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 2221 - 2245

Published: March 19, 2024

Abstract. The transport mechanisms of floating marine debris in coastal zones remain poorly understood due to complex geometries and the influence processes, posing difficulties incorporating them into Lagrangian numerical models. model LOCATE overcomes these challenges by coupling Eulerian hydrodynamic data at varying resolutions within nested grids using Parcels, a particle solver, accurately simulate motion plastic particles where high spatial coverage resolution are required resolve processes. Nested performed better than coarse-resolution grid when analysing model's dispersion skill comparing drifter simulated trajectories. A sensitivity analysis different beaching conditions spatiotemporal patterns demonstrated notable differences land–water boundary detection between high-resolution shoreline data. latter formed basis for module that parameterised calculating distance shore during simulation. realistic discharge scenario comparison around Barcelona coastline distance-based conjunction with or revealed very levels (>91.5%) each case, demonstrating importance appropriately parameterising scales. In this scenario, variability residence times was observed simulations. These derived from how option resolved shoreline, being much higher areas intricate configurations grids, thus resolving structures were undetectable grid. can effectively integrate deposition scales uniformity.

Language: Английский

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Evaluating high-frequency radar data assimilation impact in coastal ocean operational modelling

Ocean science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 1157 - 1175

Published: Aug. 27, 2021

Abstract. The impact of the assimilation HFR (high-frequency radar) observations in a high-resolution regional model is evaluated, focusing on improvement mesoscale dynamics. study area Ibiza Channel, located western Mediterranean Sea. resulting fields are tested against trajectories from 13 drifters. Six different experiments compared to control run (no assimilation). consist assimilating (i) sea surface temperature, level anomaly, and Argo profiles (generic observation dataset); generic dataset plus (ii) total velocities (iii) radial velocities. Moreover, for each dataset, two initialization methods assessed: (a) restarting directly analysis after or (b) using an intermediate step applying strong nudging towards fields. with direct restart provide best results, reducing by 53 % average separation distance between drifters virtual particles first 48 h simulation comparison run. When step, results found when reduction mean around %. Results show that integration data system enhances prediction currents inside covered both antennas, while not degrading correction achieved thanks sources beyond it. benefits smoothing effect associated application step.

Language: Английский

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Assessing ocean ensemble drift predictions by comparison with observed oil slicks

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: May 16, 2023

Geophysical models are cornerstone pieces in marine forecasting of floating objects and pollution, such as surface oil slicks. Trajectory forecasts spills inherit the uncertainties from underlying geophysical forcing. In this work we compare forecast capabilities an ocean ensemble prediction system (EPS) to those a higher resolution deterministic model on representation slick drift. As reference, use produced water (PW) slicks detected delineated 41 C–band Sentinel-1A/B satellite synthetic aperture radar images between April December, 2021. We found that EPS provided at least equivalent member-wise results relative simulations forced with model. Ensemble verification through rank histograms spread-error relationship showed including fields is necessary address uncertainties. Whether considering field or not, modeled were counterclockwise rotated 20° 30° ones observed images, these deflected about 45° right wind direction.

Language: Английский

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Spatial Variability Analysis of Renewal Time in Harbour Environments Using a Lagrangian Model

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 341 - 341

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

The water quality in port domains is highly dependent on the capacity for renewal and mixing with external water. This study uses Lagrangian modelling to investigate time Barcelona, Tarragona, Gijón harbours (Spain), which represent semi-enclosed micro-tidal meso-tidal environments. For this purpose, different particle-tracking simulations have been carried out each of ports trends circulation both surface layer at bottom. results indicate that microtidal Mediterranean ports, longer bottom (32 days Barcelona 61 Tarragona). Conversely, mesotidal Gijón, located Cantabrian coast, opposite pattern observed, higher times (14 days). While from exhibit magnitudes comparable situ measurements previous studies, it remains essential evaluate specific characteristics method compare these findings other similar works.

Language: Английский

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ROMSPath v1.0: offline particle tracking for the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS)

Geoscientific model development, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(11), P. 4297 - 4311

Published: June 2, 2022

Abstract. Offline particle tracking (OPT) is a widely used tool for the analysis of data in oceanographic research. Given output hydrodynamic model, OPT can provide answers to wide variety research questions involving fluid kinematics, zooplankton transport, dispersion pollutants, and fate chemical tracers, among others. In this paper, we introduce ROMSPath, an model designed complement Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). Based on Lagrangian TRANSport (LTRANS) (North et al., 2008), ROMSPath written Fortran 90 provides advancements functionality efficiency compared LTRANS. First, calculates trajectories using ROMS native grid, which advantages interpolation, masking, boundary interaction while improving accuracy. Second, enables simulated particles pass between nested grids, increasingly popular scheme simulate ocean over multiple scales. Third, vertical turbulence module turbulent (diffusion) time step advection be specified separately, adding flexibility computational efficiency. Lastly, includes new infrastructure inputting auxiliary parameters added functionality. particular, Stokes drift input advection. Here describe details these updates performance improvements.

Language: Английский

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Modelling floating riverine litter in the south-eastern Bay of Biscay: a regional distribution from a seasonal perspective

Ocean science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(6), P. 1703 - 1724

Published: Dec. 5, 2022

Abstract. Although rivers contribute to the flux of litter marine environment, estimates riverine amounts and detailed studies on floating behaviour once it has reached sea are still scarce. This paper provides an analysis seasonal released by within south-eastern Bay Biscay based characterizations, drifters, high-frequency radar observations Lagrangian simulations. Virtual particles were in coastal area as a proxy fraction entering from reaching open waters. Particles parameterized with wind drag coefficient (Cd) represent their trajectories fate according buoyancy items. They forced numerical winds measured currents provided radars covering selected week-long periods between 2009 2021. To gain better insight into type items, samples collected barrier placed at Deba River (Spain) characterized laboratory. Items grouped two categories: low-buoyancy items (objects not exposed forcing, e.g. plastic bags) highly buoyant bottles). Overall, encompassed almost 90 % number 68 weight. Weakly Cd = 0 4 %; this latter value is result joint modelled observed four satellite drifting buoys Adour (France), (Spain), Oria river mouths. drifted faster towards coast through wind, notably during first 24 h. In summer, over 97 beached after 1 week simulation. autumn fell 54 %. contrast, took longer arrive shoreline, particularly spring fewer than 25 end The highest concentrations (>200 km−1) recorded summer for French region Pyrénées-Atlantiques. Results showed that regions study affected or nearby itself. These results couple river-by-river modelling approach can assist decision-makers setting emergency responses high fluxes defining future monitoring strategies heavily polluted Biscay.

Language: Английский

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