Mainstreaming Equity and Justice in the Ocean

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: April 20, 2022

OPINION article Front. Mar. Sci., 20 April 2022Sec. Marine Affairs and Policy https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.873572

Language: Английский

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Building consensus around the assessment and interpretation of Symbiodiniaceae diversity

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11, P. e15023 - e15023

Published: May 2, 2023

Within microeukaryotes, genetic variation and functional sometimes accumulate more quickly than morphological differences. To understand the evolutionary history ecology of such lineages, it is key to examine diversity at multiple levels organization. In dinoflagellate family Symbiodiniaceae, which can form endosymbioses with cnidarians ( e.g ., corals, octocorals, sea anemones, jellyfish), other marine invertebrates e.g. , sponges, molluscs, flatworms), protists foraminifera), molecular data have been used extensively over past three decades describe phenotypes make ecological inferences. Despite advances in Symbiodiniaceae genomics, a lack consensus among researchers respect interpreting has slowed progress field acted as barrier reconciling observations. Here, we identify challenges regarding assessment interpretation across levels: species, populations, communities. We summarize areas agreement highlight techniques approaches that are broadly accepted. where debate remains, unresolved issues discuss technologies help fill knowledge gaps related phenotypic diversity. also ways stimulate progress, particular by fostering inclusive collaborative research community. hope this perspective will inspire accelerate coral reef science serving resource those designing experiments, publishing research, applying for funding their symbiotic partnerships.

Language: Английский

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Systematic review of the uncertainty of coral reef futures under climate change

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 12, 2024

Abstract Climate change impact syntheses, such as those by the Intergovernmental Panel on Change, consistently assert that limiting global warming to 1.5 °C is unlikely safeguard most of world’s coral reefs. This prognosis primarily based a small subset available models apply similar ‘excess heat’ threshold methodologies. Our systematic review 79 articles projecting reef responses climate revealed five main methods. ‘Excess constituted one third (32%) all studies but attracted disproportionate share (68%) citations in field. Most methods relied deterministic cause-and-effect rules rather than probabilistic relationships, impeding field’s ability estimate uncertainty. To synthesize projections, we aimed identify with comparable outputs. However, divergent choices model outputs and scenarios limited analysis fraction studies. We found substantial discrepancies projected impacts, indicating serving basis for syntheses may project more severe consequences other Drawing insights from fields, propose incorporate uncertainty into modeling approaches multi-model ensemble approach generating projections futures.

Language: Английский

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Stony coral tissue loss disease: a review of emergence, impacts, etiology, diagnostics, and intervention

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Jan. 25, 2024

Stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) is destructive and poses a significant threat to Caribbean reef ecosystems. Characterized by the acute of tissue, SCTLD has impacted over 22 stony species across region, leading visible declines in health. Based on duration, lethality, host range, spread this disease, considered most devastating outbreak ever recorded. Researchers are actively investigating cause transmission SCTLD, but exact mechanisms, triggers, etiological agent(s) remain elusive. If left unchecked, could have profound implications for health resilience reefs worldwide. To summarize what known about identify potential knowledge gaps, review provides holistic overview research, including susceptibility, transmission, ecological impacts, etiology, diagnostic tools, defense treatments. Additionally, future research avenues highlighted, which also relevant other diseases. As continues spread, collaborative efforts necessary develop effective strategies mitigating its impacts critical These need include researchers from diverse backgrounds underrepresented groups provide additional perspectives that requires creative urgent solutions.

Language: Английский

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The nature and use of Ocean Literacy in achieving sustainable ocean futures: A Systematic Map

Ocean & Coastal Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 257, P. 107325 - 107325

Published: Aug. 22, 2024

Ocean Literacy (OL) is essential for changing human behaviours and practices to improve ocean sustainability. Recently, the concept has become a focal topic in coastal research, including as key pillar of United Nations Decade Science Sustainable Development. As practice OL continues evolve, it timely synthesise existing evidence base ensure that future policy informed by robust up-to-date evidence. To this end, we undertook Systematic Map addressing following research questions: (i) where work been undertaken, (ii) which dimensions have discussed measured, (iii) what methods used measure OL, (iv) populations studied (v) rationale or purpose (vi) are recommendations practice? The review included 298 articles, 181 from peer-reviewed literature 117 grey literature. Results show growing body on practice, but also highlight several gaps. Most identified published first authors USA, Canada, UK, Ireland Portugal, accounting over 50% articles Map. Evidence suggested primary data studies measured all 10 currently recognised albeit varying degrees. However, assessing knowledge remains predominant focus, indicating field still relies knowledge-deficit approach OL. date, 25 different target populations; however, focused students teachers. employ quantitative approaches, particularly surveys, collect with limited use other methods. We driven four core rationales purposes: defining conceptualising educational design programming, evaluating increasing (tools improvements). captured priorities evaluation initiatives projects, diversity, equity inclusion partnerships collaboration. brings coherence base, identifies gaps, provides way forward its implications management.

Language: Английский

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Capacity development in the Ocean Decade and beyond: Key questions about meanings, motivations, pathways, and measurements

Earth System Governance, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12, P. 100138 - 100138

Published: April 1, 2022

Capacity development is a major priority in the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (the Decade). Persistent disparities ocean science capacity illustrate substantial challenges to achieving Decade's stated goal eradicating inequality. We argue that new conversation about essential success and beyond. question meaning, motivations, pathways measurement at this critical juncture. While we do not propose single answer these context- situation-specific questions, recognize lack accepted, or even defined, approaches development, its initiation, leadership, desired outcomes, implementation, evaluation failing global community. Explicit focus reflection on power discourses, definitions, positionality, perspectives has potential greatly improve experience outcomes programs. This Perspective seeks stimulate action seize opportunity presented by facilitate solutions toward more equitable world.

Language: Английский

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Breaking down barriers: The identification of actions to promote gender equality in interdisciplinary marine research institutions

One Earth, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(6), P. 687 - 708

Published: June 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Parachute conservation: Investigating trends in international research

Conservation Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(3)

Published: March 13, 2023

Abstract Parachute science (inequity in research relationships between Global North and South scientists) has known detrimental impacts on researchers conservation. Using two international datasets of English non‐English‐language studies testing conservation interventions, we compared the continents which were conducted to those authors affiliated. We found that a substantial proportion English‐language led by affiliated institutions. Studies had relatively few locally lead higher percentage with no authors. There similar but typically less pronounced patterns for studies. discuss potential drivers these problematic findings future directions could help avoid eliminate unethical parachute science.

Language: Английский

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Management approaches to conserve Australia’s marine ecosystem under climate change

Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 381(6658), P. 631 - 636

Published: Aug. 10, 2023

Australia's coastal marine ecosystems have a deep cultural significance to Indigenous Australians, include multiple World Heritage sites, and support the nation's rapidly growing blue economy. Yet, increasing local pressures global climate change are expected undermine biological, social, cultural, economic value of these within human generation. Mitigating causes is most urgent action secure their future; however, conventional new management actions will play roles in preserving ecosystem function until that achieved. This includes strategies codeveloped with Australians guided by traditional ecological knowledge modeling decision framework. We provide examples developments at one iconic ecosystems, Great Barrier Reef, where recent, large block funding supports research, governance, engagement accelerate development tools for under change.

Language: Английский

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Emerging human dimensions research in coastal and nearshore Oceania

Conservation Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 39(2)

Published: April 1, 2025

Calls for incorporating human dimensions into marine conservation have increased and begun to coalesce as social science. However, it is unclear what types of research foci been centered in this new interdisciplinary field gaps remain. Seeking clarify the state science's emerging discourses methods, we conducted a systematic mapping review studies coastal nearshore Oceania published from 2016 2022. We reviewed 684 studies, most which appeared science journals. deductively coded using previously established categories. Australia, Aotearoa New Zealand, Hawai'i, Fiji were focus 65% despite comprising only fraction total region. Emerging themes study included Indigenous worldviews, complex nuanced drivers behavior, diverse human-ocean relationships, equity justice. Some notably complicated common assumptions about behavior domains. Over half used mixed engaging multiple perspectives allowing more comprehensive understanding domains that may set apart its ability incorporate understudied conservation. Participatory although not yet common, provide valuable suite approaches issues management sensory affective dimensions, also uncommon, could be high value filling people's relationships with places. Expanding training next generation stewards transdisciplinary collaborations will opportunities further mainstream richer, comprehensive, just world's peopled seas.

Language: Английский

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