Exposure to nanoplastics and nanomaterials either single and combined affects the gill-associated microbiome of the Antarctic soft-shelled clam Laternula elliptica

Marine Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 198, P. 106539 - 106539

Published: May 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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Unveiling microbiome changes in Mediterranean octocorals during the 2022 marine heatwaves: quantifying key bacterial symbionts and potential pathogens

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Dec. 5, 2023

Climate change has accelerated the occurrence and severity of heatwaves in Mediterranean Sea poses a significant threat to octocoral species that form foundation marine animal forests (MAFs). As coral health intricately relies on symbiotic relationships established between corals microbial communities, our goal was gain deeper understanding role bacteria observed tissue loss key following unprecedented 2022.Using amplicon sequencing taxon-specific qPCR analyses, we unexpectedly found absolute abundance major bacterial symbionts, Spirochaetaceae (C. rubrum) Endozoicomonas (P. clavata), remained, most cases, unchanged colonies with 0% 90% loss. These results suggest impairment not due main symbionts. However, increase total opportunists, including putative pathogens such as Vibrio, which evident when only their relative considered. In addition, there no clear relation symbiont intensity thermal stress, suggesting factors other than temperature may have influenced differential response microbiomes at different sampling sites.Our indicate octocorals is directly caused by decline symbionts but proliferation opportunistic pathogenic bacteria. Our findings thus underscore significance considering both quantification approaches evaluating impact stressors microbiome does accurately depict actual changes microbiome. Consequently, this research enhances comprehension intricate interplay host organisms, microbiomes, environmental stressors, while offering valuable insights into ecological implications forests. Video Abstract.

Language: Английский

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Plastisphere in an Antarctic environment: A microcosm approach

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 208, P. 116961 - 116961

Published: Sept. 17, 2024

Language: Английский

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Investigating the influence of Diadematidae scuticociliatosis on host microbiome composition

mSystems, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

ABSTRACT Mass mortality of Diadematidae urchins, caused by the Diadema antillarum scuticociliatosis Philaster clade (DScPc) , affected Caribbean in spring 2022 and subsequently spread to eastern Mediterranean, Red Sea, western Indian Ocean. A key question around (DSc), disease scuticociliate, is whether urchin microbiome varies between scuticociliatosis-affected grossly normal urchins. Tissue samples from both abnormal were collected field during initial assessment DSc causative agent an experimental challenge DScPc culture on aquacultured D. . Specimens analyzed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Additional most recent outbreak site Ocean (Réunion Island). At reference (i.e., unaffected DSc) sites, Kistimonas spp. Propionigenium spp., Endozoicomonas highly represented libraries. DSc-affected libraries had lower taxonomic richness a greater representation taxa related Fangia hongkongensis Psychrobium Amplicon urchins experimentally challenged with pathogen some shifts microbial composition, but F. was not part core bacteria DSc-challenged specimens. Echinothrix diadema Réunion Island showed similar high as that seen Our results suggest alters microbiomes may be candidate bacterial biomarker for environmental samples. The mechanism driving variation host–pathogen interactions remains explored. IMPORTANCE mass due (DSc) has significant ecological impacts, spreading This study investigates those are not. Using sequencing, researchers found findings indicate could serve samples, providing potential tool early detection management disease. Understanding these changes crucial developing strategies mitigate impact marine ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Unraveling the Impact of Marine Heatwaves on the Eukaryome of the Emblematic Mediterranean Red Coral Corallium rubrum

ISME Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Global warming is intensifying heatwaves worldwide, leading to more frequent and severe temperature extremes. This study investigates the impact of unprecedented 2022 Mediterranean on coral eukaryome, which has received little attention despite its known importance holobiont functioning. Fifty-six colonies iconic red Corallium rubrum from Sea were collected at different sites, depths, health states. The microeukaryotic communities analyzed using an 18S rRNA gene metabarcoding approach. Primers designed reduce amplification sequences while being universal for microeukaryotes. Our results showed that eukaryome was dominated by Dino-Group I, Licnophoridae, Labyrinthulomycetes in control sites not affected heat waves. In heat-affected colonies, composition changed, with relative abundances Ephelotidae, Exobasidiomycetes, Corallicolidae, Labyrinthulomycetes, and/or epibionts Phaeophyceae increasing depending intensity stress experienced colonies. It thus possible link colony changes eukaryome. Finally, we illustrated putative interactions (competition, predator-prey relationship, parasitism) occurring within C. could explain compositional observed under stress. findings improve our understanding ecological effects marine ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Taxonomically different symbiotic communities of sympatric Arctic sponge species show functional similarity with specialization at species level

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 16, 2025

Abstract Marine sponges harbor diverse communities of associated organisms, including eukaryotes, viruses, and bacteria. Sponge microbiomes contribute to the health host organisms by defending them against invading bacteria providing with essential metabolites. Here we describe three sympatric species cold-water marine – Halichondria panicea , sitiens Isodictya palmata sampled over a period six years at White Sea. We identified as low microbial abundance detected stably that represent new taxa sponge symbionts within Alpha- Gammaproteobacteria. The carried unique sets unrelated symbiotic illustrating varying complexity microbiomes. On community level, shared common features; they encoded multiple eukaryotic-like proteins, biosynthetic pathways, transporters amino acids vitamins for sponges. however, different classes proteins pathways were distributed between dominant minor indicating specialization Particularly, taurine sulfoacetate metabolism exclusively in all species. Our study demonstrates strong functional convergence co-evolution distribution functions members. Additionally, observed dramatic shifts compositions coinciding abnormally high water temperatures during 2018 season, highlighting vulnerability ecosystems global warming.

Language: Английский

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The Microbial Ecology of Antarctic Sponges

Microbial Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 88(1)

Published: May 17, 2025

Microbial communities in Antarctic marine sponges have distinct taxonomic and functional profiles due to low temperatures, seasonal days nights, geographic isolation. These sponge holobionts contribute nutrient cycling, structural habitat formation, benthic ecosystem resilience. We review holobiont knowledge, integrating culture-based molecular data across environmental gradients. Although microbiome exist for only a fraction of the region's 593 known species, these hosts support diverse symbionts spanning at least 63 bacterial, 5 archaeal, 6 fungal phyla, highlighting complexity ecological significance understudied polar microbiomes. A conserved core microbiome, dominated by Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Nitrospinae, Planctomycetes, occurs sponges, alongside taxa shaped host identity, depth, environment. Metagenomic indicate microbial nitrogen chemoautotrophic carbon fixation, stress tolerance. Despite advances, major knowledge gaps remain, particularly deep-sea sub-Antarctic regions, along with challenges taxonomy, methodological biases, limited insights. identify key research priorities, including developing standardised methodologies, expanded sampling depth gradients, multi-omics metadata. provide tractable model investigating symbiosis, adaptation, processes one Earth's most rapidly changing environments.

Language: Английский

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Spatio‐temporal patterns of eukaryotic biodiversity in shallow hard‐bottom communities from the West Antarctic Peninsula revealed by DNA metabarcoding

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(7), P. 892 - 911

Published: May 5, 2023

Abstract Aim We studied molecular eukaryotic biodiversity patterns in shallow hard‐bottom Antarctic benthic communities using community DNA metabarcoding. Polar ecosystems are extremely exposed to climate change, and macroinvertebrate have demonstrated rapid response a range of natural anthropogenic pressures. However, these rich diverse poorly studied, revealing how little is known about the benthos associated with habitats. Location West Peninsula South Shetland Islands. Methods Using data collected seven localities along western Peninsula, we calculated spatial alpha beta diversities. Furthermore, analysed temporal changes composition one location (Deception Island) over 3 years. diversities reveal this time. Results obtained final list 2057 operational taxonomic units. found significant differences between among Our dataset revealed total 10 different kingdom‐level lineages 34 phyla samples. The most phylum was Arthropoda, followed by Bacillariophyta, Annelida, while highest relative read abundances belonged Porifera Echinodermata. Benthic compositions changed 2016 2018 Deception Island, decreasing species richness main component diversity. Main Conclusions Direct sampling methods required for monitoring complex communities. Informative can be retrieved even though habitats yet taxonomically described barcoded. Hard‐bottom assemblages exhibit high variability heterogeneity, not related depth, which represent huge challenge large‐scale studies Southern Ocean. Local patchiness structure within probably consequence combination several biotic abiotic factors (i.e. ice disturbance, food supply competition).

Language: Английский

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Dynamics, diversity, and roles of bacterial transmission modes during the first asexual life stages of the freshwater sponge Spongilla lacustris

Environmental Microbiome, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: June 8, 2024

Sponge-associated bacteria play important roles in the physiology of their host, whose recruitment processes are crucial to maintain symbiotic associations. However, acquisition bacterial communities within freshwater sponges is still under explored. Spongilla lacustris a model sponge widely distributed European rivers and lakes, producing dormant cysts (named gemmules) for asexual reproduction, before winter. Through an vitro experiment, this study aims describe dynamics transmission modes following hatching these gemmules.

Language: Английский

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Characterizing the bacterial communities associated with Mediterranean sponges: a metataxonomic analysis

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

The oceans cover over 70% of our planet, hosting a biodiversity tremendous wealth. Sponges are one the major ecosystem engineers on seafloor, providing habitat for wide variety species to be considered good source bioactive compounds. In this study, metataxonomic approach was employed describe bacterial communities sponges collected from Faro Lake (Sicily) and Porto Paone (Gulf Naples). Morphological analysis amplification conserved molecular markers, including 18S 28S (RNA ribosomal genes), CO1 (mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1), ITS (internal transcribed spacer), allowed identification four sponges. Metataxonomic revealed large number amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) belonging phyla Proteobacteria, Cloroflexi, Dadabacteria, Poribacteria. particular,

Language: Английский

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