Artificial Reefs around the World: A Review of the State of the Art and a Meta-Analysis of Its Effectiveness for the Restoration of Marine Ecosystems

Environments, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(7), P. 121 - 121

Published: July 14, 2023

Over the past decade, there has been increasing interest in marine restoration, requiring a consideration of various approaches for optimal success. Artificial reefs (ARs) have employed restoration and fisheries management, but their effectiveness restoring ecosystems lacks well-defined ecological criteria empirical evidence. A systematic review literature on ARs articles between 1990–2020, meta-analysis based similarity species composition with reference natural (NRs), as well bias risk analyses were carried out. Research primarily focused production communities (n = 168). There are important information gaps regarding socioeconomic aspects; design, materials, disposal selected habitats; legal, planning aspects considering long-term monitoring. Regarding effectiveness, few 13) allowed comparisons NRs, highlighting need to apply proper sites AR implementations. Meta-analysis showed that not similar NRs (p 0.03, common effect p 0.05 random models). However, high index heterogeneity (88%) suggests this relation may be influenced by factors other than reef type. Thus, further analysis can disguise variables conditioning AR–NR measure degraded ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Institutional dimensions of coral reef restoration in the Philippines

Environmental Science & Policy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 156, P. 103734 - 103734

Published: March 28, 2024

While the Philippines is mostly known for its experiences on marine protected areas, local governments and non-government organizations are increasingly using coral restoration with aim of rehabilitating degraded reef areas. Since establishment artificial reefs in 1970s, application, techniques corresponding policy directives have evolved over time, has recently generated significant interest investments from donors government agencies. As does not a framework to support effective sustainable practices use different techniques, increase unregulated may result unintended consequences pose potential challenges coastal management. To address this gap, we conducted review existing policies, programs projects across country, focus social, economic governance aspects. The study collated published literature unpublished information key informant interviews. results show that continues increase, guidelines poorly implemented widely understood among practitioners. reported ecological benefits, socio-economic impacts limited. evidence supports need policies contextualize contribute relevant decisions about protection reefs.

Language: Английский

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Roadmap for improving coral reef restoration practices in Southeast Asia

Ecological Management & Restoration, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

Summary Coral reefs directly support the well‐being of millions people across Southeast Asia, however, these critical ecosystems are also under immense pressure, threatening their sustainability. reef restoration has emerged as a promising strategy to contribute safeguarding and securing socioeconomic benefits they provide local communities region. In this paper, we present outcomes week‐long deliberations between policymakers, research funders, practitioners scientists from Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam Australia, which identified four strategies for building improved capacity coral in Asia; (i) creation learning network, (ii) addressing needs, (iii) approaches communication engagement diverse audiences (iv) establishment sustainable funding mechanisms. These discussed detail with view providing roadmap help processes Asia.

Language: Английский

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Challenges to managing fisheries with high inter-community variability on the Kenya-Tanzania border

Current Research in Environmental Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7, P. 100244 - 100244

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Reconciling variable between-community and neighboring country goals is the focus of United Nations partnership (Sustainable Development Goal 17) because challenges managing shared common-pool resources, such as fisheries. Our objective was to better understand suggest management that accounts for this variability among fishing villages along Kenya-Tanzania national boundary. We asked stakeholders scale their dependency on fish, knowledge fisheries, governance effectiveness, preferences, future fisheries provisioning scenarios economically aligned with international trade or park conservation. found high fish (90% daily consumption), modest about status (62% correct answers) but a broad agreement need community engagement (>90% agreement). The perceived weakest principles were monitoring resolution conflicts neighbors. Considerable in opinions how provide more reflected boundary conservation contexts. Rural households further from border favored local closure whereas stakeholder preferences urban public associated greater support offshore port aquaculture infrastructure developments. Previously measured losses catch production most hidden by lack potential estimates. Lost sustainability could be recovered increased resource capacity, monitoring, increases compliance. Village level economics transnational contexts require multilevel good coordination manage diverse capacities, needs.

Language: Английский

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Benthic Colonization on New Materials for Marine Ecosystem Restoration in Porto Cesareo, Italy

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 169 - 169

Published: Jan. 16, 2024

Suitable colonization materials are a pursued target in marine restoration programs. Known for making nutrients available while reducing pollutants and the risk of pathogens terrestrial ecosystems, Biochar Bioferment organic origin were tested during two-year experiment. We efficacy these purposes through experimental concrete tiles treated with (B) (F) made concrete, which used as controls (Ct) organisms protected area Porto Cesareo, Southern Italy (20 m depth). Tiles monitored photographs from October 2019 to September 2021. Initially, treatment presented higher percentage total benthic cover (81.23 ± 2.76, median SE), differing control (45.65 5.43 47.95 3.69, respectively). Significant interaction between treatments times suggests changes community structure related Polychaeta increase second monitoring time. Furthermore, underwater instability on could explain similarity organisms’ covers. Hence, is shown be material optimal stability seawater, demonstrating greater capacity less time compared other two materials.

Language: Английский

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Framed reef modules: a new and cost‐effective tool for coral restoration

Restoration Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32(1)

Published: Aug. 16, 2023

Coral reef ecosystems worldwide are facing significant damage due to climate change and human disturbances. Consequently, restoration actions have been implemented repair degraded areas. However, many efforts hindered by severe environmental conditions, which can hamper success create challenges in developing cost‐effective coral methods. To address this, we conducted a study test low‐cost tool known as “framed modules” (FRMs), specifically aiming mitigate the impacts of typhoons. We measured growth rates (after 300 days) survivorship 400 Acropora hyacinthus A. microphthalma fragments located at different distances from substrates (H0, H10, H30, H45). The FRMs were exposed multiple typhoons, despite harsh they remained undamaged. For comparison, also examined basalt grid plates buried gravel. After days, H45 showed highest survival ( 86% 90%) compared H30 80% 84%), H10 4% 24%), H0 3% 22%). It was found that transplanted corals with height least 30 cm substrate demonstrated resilience against caused macroalgae, turf algae, sedimentation rates. This effectiveness an ecological engineering approach using enhance three‐dimensional complexity restored reefs rehabilitate damaged Furthermore, this method offered reduced costs improved resilience.

Language: Английский

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Cost‐efficiency and effectiveness of coral restoration pathways

Restoration Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 14, 2024

Coral reefs play a crucial role in supporting over half billion human livelihoods through their contributions to fisheries, tourism, and coastal protection. In light of substantial global declines coral cover the deterioration reef habitats due climate change other human‐driven influences, urgency restoration has escalated help preserve vital ecosystem services. Comprehending economic costs associated with existing potential future approaches become time‐sensitive. The median cost is estimated be 400,000 USD/ha (at base year 2010). This estimate comes limitations its reliance on reported project various techniques. Here we look standardize expenses uniform costing efforts based time invested specific per‐unit for methods. We complement literature‐extracted values independent estimates real‐world operations. Using this approach, decipher comparative different nursery outplanting identify incorporated dependencies. To gain insights into impact labor expenditures, examine variations two regions. Overall, our data‐based approach identifies within most commonly practiced pathways, opportunities reduce operational costs, points toward priorities research development.

Language: Английский

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Some like it dirty: Less frequent nursery cleaning can reduce reef restoration costs with limited negative effects on coral performance

Ecological Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 201, P. 107209 - 107209

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Coral gardening is a reef restoration technique in which corals are first grown nurseries and then outplanted onto degraded reefs. However, coral does not yet achieve at ecologically-relevant scales due to associated high costs. often manually cleaned remove biofouling improve performance, although putative benefits of this costly activity remain unconfirmed. We quantified the costs various cleaning frequencies identify most cost-effective nursery approach study site with low herbivorous fish biomass. During one-year study, were either weekly, monthly, quarter-yearly or never. Nurseries contained four species three fragment sizes examine species- size-specific effects. production (combined growth fraction live tissue) quantified. No significant differences found across result was consistent among sizes. Therefore, no clearly identified as option. Costs could be further reduced by selecting fast-growing (e.g. Acropora) stocking large fragments, these contributed production. The resulting minimum cost US$0.26 per including dive, wage material for building, deployment filling sourcing corals. For location potentially many others similar higher biomass, less frequent can substantially reduce without having negative impacts on

Language: Английский

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Habitat Enrichment Causes Changes in Fish Behavioural Characteristics: A Case Study of Sparus latus

Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 364 - 364

Published: May 22, 2024

To better understand the habitat preferences and behavioural ecology of Sparus latus, we performed an experiment using box-shaped reefs as enrichment materials, allowing us to determine strategies drivers involved in response different structures. The results showed that first contact time S. latus was negatively correlated (Pearson’s correlation, p < 0.005) with distribution rate artificial reef area. Enrichment structures affected there a significant difference average between control treatment groups (Adonis, 0.001). opening ratio R2 = 0.36) explained than shape 0.12). In absence structure, remained more active during daytime, exhibiting poor clustering, while presence exhibited clustered movement at night. interindividual distance (Spearman’s 0.01) positive correlation area 0.001), indicating significantly reef-tropism clustering behaviours latus. light intensity moved, speed 0.05) positively exploration activity patterns These provide research basis for analysing pattern process fish proliferation induced by habitats.

Language: Английский

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Stimulating the capacity to govern the commons

Conservation Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 24, 2024

Abstract The ability to strengthen governance institutions and fisheries restrictions laws is needed improve conservation management of common‐pool resources. We evaluated the potential for stimulating change with modest interventions by studying fishing village households before after a 27‐month intervention period in high‐priority coral reef area. Interventions included training catch monitoring, stock assessment, mapping grounds, microcredit, gender inclusion, theatrical skills, fuel efficient stoves, participation planning proposal. There was background increase reported formal education, household size, group membership, wealth but decrease fish consumption public services. Of importance, perceived strength 13 benefits 6 increased over period. Finally, correspondence between knowledge agreement recent national moderate high positively correlated. stronger than demographic factors that often influence perceptions, such as village, government services, gender, membership community groups, age responses. In general, perceptions strengths more among women youth adult men respondents. largest changes were strict initially ranked low, specifically closures, parks, species restrictions. Consequently, capacity building overrode common poor people limited employment can have negative conservation.

Language: Английский

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