Increased aqueous humor levels of endothelin-1 in patients with open angle glaucoma

BMC Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Abstract Background Endothelin is a potent vasoconstrictor and contributes to the regulation of vascular perfusion. Aberrant endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels in aqueous humor have been reported across variety diseases eye, including glaucoma. These findings suggest that dysregulation ET-1 production may contribute glaucoma pathophysiology. In this study, from patients undergoing ocular surgery was assayed for abundance related presence Patients Open angle ( n =62 total) ophthalmology clinics University Iowa Hospitals Clinics were enrolled study organized into three distinct cohorts based on their diagnostic criteria, those with primary open (POAG, =25 patients), normal tension (NTG, =17 exfoliation (XFG, =8 controls =12 patients). Methods Aqueous collected intraoperatively surgeries (including minimally invasive surgeries, trabeculectomy, or drainage device implantation) samples cataract extraction control cohort. by ELISA measure compare between also analyzed linear regression covariates age sex. Results significantly elevated POAG (mean ± SD: 7.8 5.1 pg/mL; p = 0.002) NTG (6.1 3.0 0.030) compared (4.0 1.9 pg/mL). No significant difference detected XFG cohort (6.2 4.5 0.230) control. Significantly higher merged grouping all NTG, XFG) relative 0.021). Analysis covariance indicated neither nor sex associated level 0.60 0.27), respectively. Controlling had minimal influence comparison versus 0.018) nominal comparisons 0.089) 0.15) Conclusions Elevated amongst at Iowa. data perfusion role pathophysiology POAG. The analyses limited relatively small sample sizes.

Language: Английский

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Signalling pathways and cell death mechanisms in glaucoma: Insights into the molecular pathophysiology

Molecular Aspects of Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 94, P. 101216 - 101216

Published: Oct. 17, 2023

Glaucoma is a complex multifactorial eye disease manifesting in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death and optic nerve degeneration, ultimately causing irreversible vision loss. Research recent years has significantly enhanced our understanding of RGC degenerative mechanisms glaucoma. It evident that high intraocular pressure (IOP) not the only contributing factor to glaucoma pathogenesis. The equilibrium pro-survival pro-death signalling pathways retina strongly influences function survival RGCs axons Molecular evidence from human tissue analysis range experimental models have contributed unravelling these mechanisms. Accumulating reveals wide molecular can operate -either alone or via intricate networks - induce neurodegeneration. roles several molecules, including neurotrophins, interplay intracellular kinases phosphates, caveolae adapter proteins, serine proteases their inhibitors, nuclear receptors, amyloid beta tau, how dysfunction affects neurons are discussed this review. We further underscore anatomical alterations various animal exhibiting degeneration susceptibility glaucoma-related neuronal damage helped characterise In addition, we also present different regulated play critical role

Language: Английский

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Effects of microgravity on neural crest stem cells

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: March 27, 2024

Exposure to microgravity (μg) results in a range of systemic changes the organism, but may also have beneficial cellular effects. In previous study we detected increased proliferation capacity and upregulation genes related survival boundary cap neural crest stem cells (BC) after MASER14 sounding rocket flight compared ground-based controls. However, whether these were due μg or hypergravity was not clarified. current MASER15 experiment BCs exposed simultaneously 1 g conditions provided by an onboard centrifuge. displayed markedly on board controls, genetic analysis harvested 5 h revealed upregulation, specifically μg-exposed BCs, Zfp462 transcription factor, key regulator cell pluripotency neuronal fate. This associated with alterations exosome microRNA content between specimens. Since specimens from obtained for week's delay, examined gene expression different experiments, which flight. The overall pattern down-regulated BC directly (MASER15). MicroRNA altered medium delay collected samples. conclusion, our indicates that even short exposure alters expression, leading survival, lasting long time exposure. With delayed harvest specimens, situation occur special post-flight circumstances, is modified fast specimen harvest, direct effects be partially attenuated, whereas other can last return ground conditions.

Language: Английский

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Endothelin-1 Plasma and Aqueous Humor Levels in Different Types of Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Medicina, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 60(7), P. 1117 - 1117

Published: July 10, 2024

Background and Objectives: Several studies suggest the complex relationship between Endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels with various types of glaucoma. This systematic review meta-analysis explore ET-1 in plasma aqueous humor among different Materials Methods: A literature search (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library) was made up to April 2024 (PROSPERO: CRD42023430471). The results were synthesized according PRISMA Guidelines. Results presented as standardized mean differences (SMD) 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: total 2597 subjects (1513 patients glaucoma vs. 1084 healthy controls) from 23 included a meta-analysis. Notably, reported significantly higher compared controls (SMD: 1.21, CI: 0.59–1.82, p < 0.001). Particularly, primary open-angle (POAG) 0.87, 0.09–1.65, 0.05), normal-tension 0.86, 0.27–1.46, = angle-closure 1.03, 0.43–1.63, 0.001) controls. Moreover, 1.60, 1.04–2.15, In particular, POAG 2.03 1.00–3.14, 0.001), pseudoexfoliative 2.03, 1.00–3.07, Conclusions: indicates that elevated are associated pathogenesis ET-1-related mechanisms may vary across types, indicating possible therapeutic approaches targeting pathways should be tailored each specific type.

Language: Английский

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Editorial: Update on glaucoma research: from basic science to clinical practice

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

In this regard, a qualitative study by Liu et al. exploring factors associated with delayed ophthalmological consultation in primary glaucoma patients highlighted four major barriers: the subtle onset of symptoms, insufficient patient awareness, perceived challenges accessing care, and inadequate support systems. These findings underscore urgent need for improved public health initiatives, education, streamlined referral pathways to encourage early detection prevent irreversible vision loss. Healthcare professionals should prioritize educating at-risk populations integrating community-based screening programs address these barriers effectively. (3) Accurate IOP measurement is also critical factor management. comparative between Goldmann Applanation Tonometry SUOER SW-500 Rebound Tonometer, Chaung revealed that latter provides comparable readings within normal range but may underestimate elevated pressures. While rebound tonometry offers advantages such as portability disposable probes minimize infection risk, clinicians remain cautious when relying solely on method high IOP. Future research explore refinement non-contact techniques enhance precision reliability. (4) Novel biomarkers offer promising avenue improving diagnosis, prognosis, treatment response assessment. By identifying molecular, genetic, biochemical markers glaucomatous neurodegeneration, can detect disease earlier, differentiate subtypes, personalize strategies. Biomarkers found aqueous humor, tear film, blood, even imaging-based parameters could provide valuable insights into mechanisms therapeutic targets. (5) contest, given neuroprotective role uric acid (UA) neurodegenerative disorders, its relationship has been subject investigation. A meta-analysis multiple studies authored Mohammadi while tend have slightly higher serum UA levels than controls, difference not statistically significant. do establish definitive biomarker glaucoma, further longitudinal necessary elucidate potential pathogenesis. (6) recent molecular Yu identified apoptosis-related microRNAs (miRNAs) glaucoma. Elevated hsa-miR-193a-5p hsa-miR-222-3p humor lens capsules suggest their involvement pathophysiology. The downregulation PTEN, key regulatory gene, supports retinal ganglion cell apoptosis. pave way novel diagnostic strategies leveraging miRNA modulation. (7) Evalua�ng local systemic aspects essen�al comprehensive management, they impact response, progression, overall pa�ent outcomes. mul�disciplinary approach integra�ng ophthalmology, cardiology, neurology, internal medicine help op�mize care preserve visual func�on.As incidence rises globally, pa�ents require prolonged medical therapy mul�ple surgeries, increasing adverse events limbal stem deficiency (LSCD) risk.In LSCD be bullous keratopathy, mitomycin C, 5-fluorouracil, preservatives topical treatments. Using confocal microscopy optical coherence tomography Nakakura demonstrated epithelial thinning using medications. (8) Vascular dysregula�on, hypertension, hypotension, diabetes, obstruc�ve sleep apnea, neurodegenera�ve disorders all implicated (9)(10)(11) an extensive population-based cohort Lee examined visitto-visit blood pressure variability (BPV) risk open-angle (OAG) normotensive individuals. BPV was increased OAG, younger individuals (<60 years) systolic significantly developing disease. highlight more nuanced cardiovascular ocular monitoring, particularly patients. (12) Furthermore, only affects function impacts patients' mental well-being. Kopilaš assessing quality life (QOL) psychological distress strong correlations lower acuity, anxiety depression.Although observational suggested link psychiatric conditions depression, insomnia, schizophrenia, Mendelian Randomization Zhang Lin no causal disorders. results indicate are likely attributable modifiable rather genetic predisposition.The chronic nature coupled gradual decline vision, underscores importance holistic care. This highlights targeted intervention attributing inherent risk. Mental integrated routine management improve (13)(14)(15) Advancements surgical techniques, including Micro-invasive surgery (MIGS), safety profile surgery, offering less invasive options faster recovery times. Nevertheless, selection appropriate requires careful evaluation patient-specific optimize outcomes complications.A retrospective investigated cases hypertension following EyeCee One preloaded intraocular (IOL) implantation. indicated significant increase subset patients, emphasizing postoperative especially history González-Martín-Moro vigilant about fluctuations consider alternative IOL where necessary. (16) MIGS gained traction safer traditional interventions. Hajduga-Szewczyk evaluating iStent implantation alongside cataract reductions reliance However, preoperative IOPs showed limited benefit, suggesting single uncontrolled cases. Further optimizing warranted. (17) advancements multifaceted disease, spanning detection, influences, considerations, evolving modalities. concerted effort refine tools, integrate support, expand will mitigating global burden Moving forward, interdisciplinary collaboration ophthalmologists, physicians, professionals, researchers essential comprehensive, patient-centered

Language: Английский

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Challenging glaucoma with emerging therapies: an overview of advancements against the silent thief of sight

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 26, 2025

Glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness, represents significant challenge in ophthalmology. This review examines recent advancements glaucoma treatment, focusing on innovative medications and creative strategies. While new agents offer promising methods for lowering intraocular pressure (IOP), they also pose challenges related to efficacy side effects. Alongside IOP reduction, emerging neuroprotective approaches are being explored safeguard retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) from glaucoma-induced damage. The evaluates the potential novel drug delivery systems, such as biodegradable implants nanoparticles, enhance treatment effectiveness patient adherence. Additionally, it highlights role personalized medicine identifying biomarkers customizing therapies based individual genetic environmental factors.

Language: Английский

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Shedding Valuable Tears: Tear Fluid as a Promising Source of Disease Biomarkers

Neurochemical Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 702 - 714

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Long‐Term Monitoring of ApoE4 within Aqueous Humor Using Intraocular Lenses Containing Target‐Responsive Inverse Opal Hydrogel

Small Structures, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 28, 2024

Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), pose significant challenges to global healthcare because of their irreversible postsymptomatic progression. Conventional radiographic techniques have limitations in early detection, owing the time lapse between symptom recognition by individuals and precise inspection using medical instruments. Current research explores ophthalmic approaches address this gap, investigating physiological link ocular health brain diseases. Intraocular lenses (IOLs), widely used cataract refractive surgeries, provide a safe minimally invasive platform for continuous monitoring neurodegenerative biomarkers, those associated with AD. By integrating biomolecule‐responsive sensors IOLs, it becomes feasible achieve diagnosis long‐term, noninvasive postimplantation. Herein, fluorescently labeled inverse opal hydrogel (FIOH) is merged IOLs ApoE4 key risk factor The permeability inherent photonic properties FIOH facilitate cumulative enhancement fluorescence signal. In simulation aqueous humor circulation, detection limit determined be 0.1 nM. Therefore, FIOH‐integrated hold promise not only but also providing reliable continuous, diseases after initial, implantation.

Language: Английский

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Bioinformatics analysis for constructing a cellular senescence-related age-related macular degeneration diagnostic model and identifying relevant disease subtypes to guide treatment

Aging, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 10, 2024

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a condition causing progressive central vision loss. Growing evidence suggests link between cellular senescence and AMD. However, the exact mechanism by which leads to AMD remains unclear. Employing machine learning, we established an diagnostic model. Through unsupervised clustering, two distinct subtypes were identified. GO, KEGG, GSVA analyses explored diverse biological functions associated with subtypes. By WGCNA, constructed coexpression network of differential genes subtypes, revealing regulatory role hub at level transcription factors miRNAs. We identified 5 inflammation for construction Additionally, observed that pathways related programmed cell death (PCD), such as ferroptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, exhibited higher expression levels in subtype B than A. Immune microenvironments also differed indicating potentially pathogenic mechanisms therapeutic targets. In summary, leveraging senescence-associated gene expression, developed Furthermore, varying patterns genes, their roles death, disease progression, immune within

Language: Английский

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Application Study of miR-30e-5p Targeted BIM in Regulating Hypoxia-Induced Apoptosis

Advances in Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(06), P. 344 - 352

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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