Long COVID science, research and policy

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(8), P. 2148 - 2164

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Long COVID represents the constellation of post-acute and long-term health effects caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection; it is a complex, multisystem disorder that can affect nearly every organ system be severely disabling. The cumulative global incidence long around 400 million individuals, which estimated to have an annual economic impact approximately $1 trillion-equivalent about 1% economy. Several mechanistic pathways are implicated in COVID, including viral persistence, immune dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, complement endothelial inflammation microbiome dysbiosis. devastating impacts on individual lives and, due its complexity prevalence, also has major ramifications for systems economies, even threatening progress toward achieving Sustainable Development Goals. Addressing challenge requires ambitious coordinated-but so far absent-global research policy response strategy. In this interdisciplinary review, we provide synthesis state scientific evidence assess human health, systems, economy metrics, forward-looking roadmap.

Language: Английский

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Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in post-COVID-19 syndrome: a major health-care burden

Nature Reviews Cardiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(6), P. 379 - 395

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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Complement dysregulation is a prevalent and therapeutically amenable feature of long COVID

Med, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(3), P. 239 - 253.e5

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

BackgroundLong COVID encompasses a heterogeneous set of ongoing symptoms that affect many individuals after recovery from infection with SARS-CoV-2. The underlying biological mechanisms nonetheless remain obscure, precluding accurate diagnosis and effective intervention. Complement dysregulation is hallmark acute COVID-19 but has not been investigated as potential determinant long COVID.MethodsWe quantified series complement proteins, including markers activation regulation, in plasma samples healthy convalescent confirmed history SARS-CoV-2 age/ethnicity/sex/infection/vaccine-matched patients COVID.FindingsMarkers classical (C1s-C1INH complex), alternative (Ba, iC3b), terminal pathway (C5a, TCC) were significantly elevated COVID. These combination had receiver operating characteristic predictive power 0.794. Other proteins regulators also quantitatively different between Generalized linear modeling further revealed clinically tractable just four these markers, namely the fragments iC3b, TCC, Ba, C5a, 0.785.ConclusionsThese findings suggest biomarkers could facilitate currently available inhibitors be used to treat COVID.FundingThis work was funded by National Institute for Health Research (COV-LT2-0041), PolyBio Foundation, UK Dementia Institute.

Language: Английский

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Pathophysiological, immunological, and inflammatory features of long COVID

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to cause severe global disruption, resulting in significant excess mortality, overwhelming healthcare systems, and imposing substantial social economic burdens on nations. While most of the attention therapeutic efforts have concentrated acute phase disease, a notable proportion survivors experience persistent symptoms post-infection clearance. This diverse set symptoms, loosely categorized as long COVID, presents potential additional public health crisis. It is estimated that 1 5 exhibit clinical manifestations consistent with COVID. Despite this prevalence, mechanisms pathophysiology COVID remain poorly understood. Alarmingly, evidence suggests cases within condition develop debilitating or disabling symptoms. Hence, urgent priority should be given further studies equip systems for its management. review provides an overview available information emerging condition, focusing affected individuals’ epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, immunological inflammatory profiles.

Language: Английский

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Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation in Post-Viral Fatigue Syndrome: An Overview

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(1), P. 574 - 574

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Post-viral fatigue syndrome (PVFS) encompasses a wide range of complex neuroimmune disorders unknown causes characterised by disabling post-exertional fatigue, myalgia and joint pain, cognitive impairments, unrefreshing sleep, autonomic dysfunction, neuropsychiatric symptoms. It includes myalgic encephalomyelitis, also known as chronic (ME/CFS); fibromyalgia (FM); more recently post-COVID-19 condition (long COVID). To date, there are no definitive clinical case criteria FDA-approved pharmacological therapies for PVFS. Given the current lack effective treatments, is need to develop novel therapeutic strategies these disorders. Mitochondria, cellular organelles responsible tissue energy production, have garnered attention in research into PVFS due their crucial role bioenergetic metabolism conditions. The accumulating literature has identified link between mitochondrial dysfunction low-grade systemic inflammation ME/CFS, FM, long COVID. address this issue, article aims critically review evidence relating pathogenesis disorders; particular, it evaluate effectiveness coenzyme Q10 supplementation on pain symptoms strategy treatment

Language: Английский

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Low-dose naltrexone and NAD+ for the treatment of patients with persistent fatigue symptoms after COVID-19

Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36, P. 100733 - 100733

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

A subset of patients experiences persistent fatigue symptoms after COVID-19, and may develop long COVID, which is characterized by lasting systemic symptoms. No treatments for this condition have been validated are urgently warranted. In pilot study, we assessed whether treatment with low-dose naltrexone (LDN, 4.5 mg/day) supplementation NAD + through iontophoresis patches could improve quality life in 36 moderate/severe COVID-19. We detected a significant increase from baseline SF-36 survey scores 12 weeks (mean total score 36.5 [SD: 15.6] vs. 52.1 [24.8]; p < 0.0001), suggestive improvement life. Furthermore, participants scored significantly lower on the Chalder scale (baseline: 25.9 [4.6], weeks: 17.4 [9.7]; 0.0001). found 52 % to be responders treatment. Treatment was generally safe, mild adverse events previously reported LDN, managed dose adjustments. The were associated mild, short-lived skin irritation 25 patients. Our data suggest LDN NAD+ safe beneficial Larger randomized controlled trials will confirm our determine patient subpopulations might benefit most strategy.

Language: Английский

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Unravelling shared mechanisms: insights from recent ME/CFS research to illuminate long COVID pathologies

Trends in Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(5), P. 443 - 458

Published: March 4, 2024

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating chronic illness often triggered by an initiating acute event, mainly viral infections. The transition from to disease remains unknown, but interest in this phenomenon has escalated since the COVID-19 pandemic and post-COVID-19 illness, termed 'long COVID' (LC). Both ME/CFS LC share many clinical similarities. Here, we present recent findings research focussing on proposed pathologies shared with LC. Understanding these how they influence each other key developing effective therapeutics diagnostic tests. Given that typically longer duration compared LC, symptoms evolving over time, may provide insights into future progression of

Language: Английский

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Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Fatigue-Dominant Long-COVID Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study

The American Journal of Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Long COVID: Long-Term Impact of SARS-CoV2

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 711 - 711

Published: March 28, 2024

Four years post-pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 continues to affect many lives across the globe. An estimated 65 million people suffer from long COVID, a term used encapsulate post-acute sequelae of infections that multiple organ systems. Known symptoms include chronic fatigue syndrome, brain fog, cardiovascular issues, autoimmunity, dysautonomia, and clotting due inflammation. Herein, we review COVID symptoms, proposed theories behind pathology, diagnostics, treatments, clinical trials underway explore treatments for viral persistence, autonomic cognitive dysfunctions, sleep disturbances, fatigue, exercise intolerance.

Language: Английский

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How to understand the overlap of long COVID, chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis, fibromyalgia and irritable bowel syndromes

Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 67, P. 152455 - 152455

Published: May 7, 2024

Language: Английский

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