Genes,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13(8), P. 1434 - 1434
Published: Aug. 12, 2022
Bacteria
use
quorum
sensing
(QS)
to
communicate
with
each
other
via
secreted
small
autoinducers
produced
by
individuals.
QS
allows
bacteria
display
a
unified
response
that
benefits
the
species
during
adaptation
environment,
colonization,
and
defense
against
competitors.
In
oral
streptococci,
CSP-ComDE
is
an
inducible
DNA
damage
repair
system
pivotal
for
bacterial
survival.
pathogen
Streptococcus
mutans,
positively
influences
formation
of
antibiotic
persisters,
cells
can
survive
attack
entering
non-proliferative
state.
We
recently
identified
novel
gene,
pep299,
activated
in
persister
cell
fraction
induced
QS.
this
study,
we
focused
our
investigation
on
role
gene
encoding
bacteriocin-like
peptide,
persisters.
Mutant
Δ299,
unable
produce
Pep299,
showed
dramatic
reduction
number
stress-induced
Using
co-culture
assay,
overproducing
pep299
persisters
mutant,
suggesting
Pep299
was
actively
detected
neighboring
cells.
Cells
exposed
conditions
expression
pep299.
Interestingly,
results
suggested
also
involved
regulation
QS-inducible
toxin–antitoxin
system.
Our
study
suggests
at
core
triggered
persistence
phenotype
S.
allowing
transition
into
state
reduced
metabolic
activity
tolerance.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: July 17, 2024
Abstract
Persisters
refer
to
genetically
drug
susceptible
quiescent
(non-growing
or
slow
growing)
bacteria
that
survive
in
stress
environments
such
as
antibiotic
exposure,
acidic
and
starvation
conditions.
These
cells
can
regrow
after
removal
remain
the
same
stress.
are
underlying
problems
of
treating
chronic
persistent
infections
relapse
treatment,
resistance
development,
biofilm
infections,
pose
significant
challenges
for
effective
treatments.
Understanding
characteristics
exact
mechanisms
persister
formation,
especially
key
molecules
affect
formation
survival
persisters
is
critical
more
treatment
infections.
Currently,
genes
related
being
discovered
confirmed,
but
by
which
form
very
complex,
there
still
many
unanswered
questions.
This
article
comprehensively
summarizes
historical
background
bacterial
persisters,
details
their
complex
relationship
with
tolerant
resistant
bacteria,
systematically
elucidates
interplay
between
various
biological
processes
cells,
well
consolidates
diverse
anti-persister
compounds
We
hope
provide
theoretical
in-depth
research
on
suggest
new
ideas
choosing
strategies
Antibiotics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(7), P. 623 - 623
Published: July 4, 2024
Hospital-acquired
infections,
also
known
as
nosocomial
include
bloodstream
surgical
site
skin
and
soft
tissue
respiratory
tract
urinary
infections.
According
to
reports,
Gram-positive
Gram-negative
pathogenic
bacteria
account
for
up
70%
of
infections
in
intensive
care
unit
(ICU)
patients.
Biofilm
production
is
a
main
virulence
mechanism
distinguishing
feature
bacterial
pathogens.
Most
pathogens
develop
biofilms
at
the
solid-liquid
air-liquid
interfaces.
An
essential
requirement
biofilm
presence
conditioning
film.
A
film
provides
first
surface
on
which
can
adhere
fosters
growth
by
creating
favorable
environment.
The
improves
microbial
adherence
delivering
chemical
signals
or
generating
microenvironments.
Microorganisms
use
this
coating
nutrient
source.
gathers
both
inorganic
organic
substances
from
its
surroundings,
these
are
generated
microbes
These
nutrients
boost
initial
adhering
facilitate
formation
acting
food
Coatings
with
combined
antibacterial
efficacy
antifouling
properties
provide
further
benefits
preventing
dead
cells
debris
surfaces.
In
present
review,
we
address
numerous
that
form
surfaces
biomedical
devices.
addition,
explore
several
efficient
smart
antiadhesive
coatings
device-relevant
materials
manage
caused
biofilm-forming
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
278, P. 134977 - 134977
Published: Aug. 24, 2024
Antibiotic
resistance
(ABR)
poses
a
universal
concern
owing
to
the
widespread
use
of
antibiotics
in
various
sectors.
Nanotechnology
emerges
as
promising
solution
combat
ABR,
offering
targeted
drug
delivery,
enhanced
bioavailability,
reduced
toxicity,
and
stability.
This
comprehensive
review
explores
concepts
antibiotic
resistance,
its
mechanisms,
multifaceted
approaches
ABR.
The
provides
an
in-depth
exploration
polymeric
nanoparticles
advanced
delivery
systems,
focusing
on
strategies
for
targeting
microbial
infections
contributing
fight
against
Nanoparticles
revolutionize
antimicrobial
approaches,
emphasizing
passive
active
targeting.
role
molecules,
including
small
peptides,
proteins,
carbohydrates,
stimuli-responsive
is
being
explored
recent
research
works.
complex
comprehension
mechanisms
ABR
strategic
nanotechnology
present
avenue
advancing
tactics,
ensuring
treatment
efficacy,
minimizing
toxic
effects,
mitigating
development
Polymeric
nanoparticles,
derived
from
natural
or
synthetic
polymers,
are
crucial
overcoming
Natural
polymers
like
chitosan
alginate
exhibit
inherent
antibacterial
properties,
while
such
polylactic
acid
(PLA),
polyethylene
glycol
(PEG),
polycaprolactone
(PCL)
can
be
engineered
specific
effects.
study
valuable
source
information
researchers,
healthcare
professionals,
policymakers
engaged
urgent
quest
overcome
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
25(1), P. 201 - 201
Published: Dec. 22, 2023
Healthcare-associated
infections
caused
by
multi-drug-resistant
pathogens
are
increasing
globally,
and
current
antimicrobial
options
have
limited
efficacy
against
these
robust
species.
The
WHO
details
the
critically
important
bacterial
fungal
species
that
often
associated
with
medical
device
HAIs.
effective
sterilization
of
devices
plays
a
key
role
in
preventing
infectious
disease
morbidity
mortality.
A
lack
adherence
to
protocol
limitations
each
modality,
however,
allows
for
incidence
disease.
Furthermore,
issues
relating
carcinogenic
emissions
from
ethylene
oxide
gas
(EtO)
motivated
EPA
propose
limiting
EtO
use
or
seeking
alternative
methods
devices.
Food
Drug
Administration
supports
healthcare
products
using
low-temperature
VH2O2
as
an
EtO.
With
advances
biomaterial
combination
products,
modalities
becoming
limited.
Novel
approaches
disinfection
devices,
biomaterials,
therapeutics
warranted
safeguard
public
health.
Bacteriophages,
endolysins,
peptides
considered
promising
prophylactic
meta-phylactic
control
diseases.
This
timely
review
discusses
application
biologics
agents
pathogens,
including
ESKAPE
British Journal of Biomedical Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
81
Published: Aug. 7, 2024
The
global
issue
of
antimicrobial
resistance
poses
significant
challenges
to
public
health.
World
Health
Organization
(WHO)
has
highlighted
it
as
a
major
health
threat,
causing
an
estimated
700,000
deaths
worldwide.
Understanding
the
multifaceted
nature
antibiotic
is
crucial
for
developing
effective
strategies.
Several
physiological
and
biochemical
mechanisms
are
involved
in
development
resistance.
Bacterial
cells
may
escape
bactericidal
actions
drugs
by
entering
physiologically
dormant
state
known
bacterial
persistence.
Recent
findings
this
field
suggest
that
persistence
can
be
one
main
sources
chronic
infections.
tolerance
developed
persister
could
tolerate
high
levels
antibiotics
give
rise
offspring.
These
offspring
attributed
mechanisms,
especially
This
review
attempts
shed
light
on
persister-induced
current
therapeutic
Infection and Immunity,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
92(2)
Published: Jan. 12, 2024
ABSTRACT
Diseases
caused
by
Chlamydia
spp.
are
often
associated
with
persistent
infections.
Chlamydial
persistence
is
commonly
a
unique
non-infectious
intracellular
developmental
form,
termed
an
aberrant
form.
Although
infectious
chlamydiae
can
be
cultured
consistently
in
cells
stressed
to
aberrancy,
their
role
not
clear.
Recovery
from
antibiotic
stress
was
explored
as
model
determine
how
survival
of
non-aberrant
chlamydiae,
the
presence
fully
inhibitory
drug
concentrations,
may
participate
persistence.
Assays
included
incubation
quinolones,
tetracyclines,
or
chloramphenicol
for
differing
lengths
time,
followed
extended
recovery
period
antibiotic-free
media.
Culturable
elementary
bodies
were
detected
during
treatment
each
antibiotic,
but
viable
and
culturable
trachomatis
emerged
after
removed.
Time-lapse
imaging
live,
antibiotic-treated
infected
identified
metabolically
dormant
forms
within
that
form
typical
productive
inclusions.
The
effects
increasing
concentration
most
tested
antibiotics
led
predictable
activity,
which
rate
decreased
concentration.
In
contrast,
fluoroquinolone-treated
cells,
there
paradoxical
increase
development
directly
correlated
inversely
production.
This
system
uncovers
chlamydial
pathway
does
involve
association
between
latency
metabolic
dormancy
consistent
models
many
bacterial
species
lead
different
interpretation
mechanisms
patients.
IMPORTANCE
life
history
pathogens
genus
Chlamydi
relies
on
lengthy
host.
generally
accepted
involves
unusual
stage,
arises
conditions
mimic
stressful
host
environment.
this
work,
we
provide
alternate
face
stress.
relevant
failures
patients
C.
.
Reviews in Medical Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 11, 2025
Bacterial
dormancy
is
a
state
of
decreased
metabolic
activity
that
allows
bacteria
to
survive
in
harsh
environments.
reversible
shutdown;
it
nonreplicating
cell
which
enable
them
under
unfavorable
conditions.
Dormancy
facilitated
by
molecular
mechanisms
involve
signaling
pathways,
translational
and
transcriptional
regulation,
shifts.
Persisted
cells,
are
highly
tolerant
antibiotics,
formed
during
dormancy,
posing
significant
challenge
the
treatment
bacterial
infections.
Understanding
crucial
for
developing
strategies
control
persistence
advance
antibiotic
discovery.
Sporulation
purest
form
microbial
dormancy.
Spores
resistant
stresses
such
as
extreme
heat,
chemicals,
radiation,
can
survive.
Dormant
blood
not
growing
but
dormant
microbiome
significantly
take
part
large
diverse
chronic
inflammatory
diseases.
This
review
discusses
importance,
mechanisms,
entering
state,
explores
physiological
changes
occur
Additionally,
sheds
light
on
methods
identification
investigation
may
help
overcoming
drug
resistance
Antibiotics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(6), P. 1044 - 1044
Published: June 12, 2023
Antibiotic
therapy
failure
is
often
caused
by
the
presence
of
persister
cells,
which
are
metabolically-dormant
bacteria
capable
surviving
exposure
to
antimicrobials.
Under
favorable
conditions,
persisters
can
resume
growth
leading
recurrent
infections.
Moreover,
several
studies
have
indicated
that
may
promote
evolution
antimicrobial
resistance
and
facilitate
selection
specific
resistant
mutants;
therefore,
in
light
increasing
numbers
multidrug-resistant
infections
worldwide,
developing
efficient
strategies
against
dormant
cells
paramount
importance.
In
this
review,
we
present
discuss
efficacy
various
agents
whose
activity
independent
metabolic
status
as
they
target
cell
envelope
structures.
Since
biofilm-environment
for
formation
subpopulations,
anti-persister
should
also
include
destroy
biofilm
matrix
or
inhibit
development.
This
article
reviews
examples
selected
wall
hydrolases,
polysaccharide
depolymerases
peptides.
Their
combination
with
standard
antibiotics
seems
be
most
promising
approach
combating
persistent