Artificial intelligence-driven microbiome data analysis for estimation of postmortem interval and crime location

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 19, 2024

Microbial communities, demonstrating dynamic changes in cadavers and the surroundings, provide invaluable insights for forensic investigations. Conventional methodologies microbiome sequencing data analysis face obstacles due to subjectivity inefficiency. Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents an efficient accurate tool, with ability autonomously process analyze high-throughput data, assimilate multi-omics encompassing metagenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics. This facilitates estimation of postmortem interval (PMI), detection crime location, elucidation microbial functionalities. review overview microorganisms from scenes, emphasizes importance microbiome, summarizes application AI processing microbiology.

Language: Английский

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Advances in artificial intelligence-based microbiome for PMI estimation

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Oct. 4, 2022

Postmortem interval (PMI) estimation has always been a major challenge in forensic science. Conventional methods for predicting PMI are based on postmortem phenomena, metabolite or biochemical changes, and insect succession. Because microbial succession follows certain temporal regularity, the microbiome shown to be potentially effective tool last decade. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies shed new lights medicine through analyzing big data, establishing prediction models, assisting decision-making, etc. With application of next-generation sequencing (NGS) AI techniques, it is possible practitioners improve dataset communities obtain detailed information inventory specific ecosystems, quantifications community diversity, descriptions their ecological function, even legal medicine. This review describes cadavers surroundings, summarizes application, advantages, problems, future strategies AI-based analysis estimation.

Language: Английский

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Complexity of human death: its physiological, transcriptomic, and microbiological implications

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

Human death is a complex, time-governed phenomenon that leads to the irreversible cessation of all bodily functions. Recent molecular and genetic studies have revealed remarkable experimental evidence genetically programmed cellular characterized by several physiological processes; however, basic function occurs during immediate postmortem period remains inadequately described. There paucity knowledge connecting necrotic pathologies occurring in human organ tissues complete functional loss organism. Cells, tissues, organs, systems show range differential resilience endurance responses occur organismal death. Intriguingly, persistent ambiguity study determination trajectory complex multicellular body, far from life-sustaining homeostasis, following gradual or sudden expiry its regulatory systems. groundbreaking investigations resulted paradigm shift understanding cell biology physiology Two significant findings are (i) most cells body microbial, (ii) microbial abundance significantly increases after By addressing as well microbiological aspects death, future poised reveal innovative insights into enigmatic biological activities associated with decomposition. Understanding elaborate crosstalk abiotic biotic factors context has implications for scientific discoveries important informing translational regarding transition living non-living. practical needs transformative reestablishment accepted models (i.e., artificial intelligence, AI) more precise determinations when mechanisms homeostasis individual ceased. In this review, we summarize physiological, genetic, processes define changes pathways

Language: Английский

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From flesh to bones: Multi‐omics approaches in forensic science

PROTEOMICS, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(12-13)

Published: April 29, 2024

Abstract Recent advancements in omics techniques have revolutionised the study of biological systems, enabling generation high‐throughput biomolecular data. These innovations found diverse applications, ranging from personalised medicine to forensic sciences. While investigation multiple aspects cells, tissues or entire organisms through integration various approaches (such as genomics, epigenomics, metagenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics) has already been established fields like biomedicine cancer biology, its full potential sciences remains only partially explored. In this review, we presented a comprehensive overview state‐of‐the‐art analytical platforms employed research, with specific emphasis on their application field for identification cadaver cause death. Moreover, conducted critical analysis computational approaches, highlighted latest employing multi‐omics investigations.

Language: Английский

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Microbiota signature of the lung as the promising bioindicator for drowning diagnosis and postmortem submersion interval estimation

International Journal of Legal Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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From microbial data to forensic insights: systematic review of machine learning models for PMI estimation

Forensic Science Medicine and Pathology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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Microbial community profiling for forensic drowning diagnosis across locations and submersion times

BMC Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: April 24, 2025

Drowning diagnosis has long been a critical issue in forensic research, influenced by various factors such as the environment and decomposition time. While traditional methods diatom analysis have limitations decomposed remains, microbial community profiling offers promising alternative. With advancement of high-throughput sequencing technology, microbiology become prominent focus field, providing new research avenues for drowning diagnosis. During drowning, communities enter lung tissue along with water. In this study, using murine model, we collected samples from three rivers at random sites postmortem intervals (PMI) 1, 4, 7 days‌ to comprehensively evaluate differences between mice subjected versus immersion. The α-diversity revealed that observed Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) group on day 1 was 234.77 ± 16.60, significantly higher than immersion (171.32 9.22), indicating greater initial richness group. Additionally, Shannon index showed significant decline evenness (1.46 0.09), whereas remained relatively stable (2.38 0.15), further rapid decrease diversity over PCoA demonstrated composition groups were notably stable. Key taxa differentiating identified through LEfSe analysis, Enterococcaceae (family), Escherichia-Shigella (genus), Proteus emerging markers cases. A forest trained data, exhibited high predictive accuracy (AUC = 0.96) across locations times markers, including Lactobacillales (order), Morganellaceae features influencing model performance. These findings underscore potential combining 16 S rRNA machine learning powerful tool diagnosis, offering novel insights into microbiology.

Language: Английский

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Estimating postmortem interval based on oral microbial community succession in rat cadavers

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(11), P. e31897 - e31897

Published: May 27, 2024

The accurate estimation of the postmortem interval has been one crucial issues to be solved in forensic research, and it is influenced by various factors process decay. With development high-throughput sequencing technology, microbiology become major hot topic science, which provides new research options for estimation. oral microbial community most diverse microbiomes, ranking as second abundant microbiota following gastrointestinal tract. It remarkable that microorganisms have a significant function decay cadavers. Therefore, we collected outdoor soil simulate death environment focused on relationship between succession PMI rats above soil. In addition, linear regression models random forest were developed relative abundance microbes PMI. We also identified number may important estimate PMI, including: Ignatzschineria, Morganella, Proteus, Lysinibacillus, Pseudomonas, Globicatella, Corynebacterium, Streptococcus, Rothia, Aerococcus, Staphylococcus, so on.

Language: Английский

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Changes in Microbial Communities Using Pigs as a Model for Postmortem Interval Estimation

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(11), P. 2811 - 2811

Published: Nov. 20, 2023

Microbial communities can undergo significant successional changes during decay and decomposition, potentially providing valuable insights for determining the postmortem interval (PMI). The microbiota produce various gases that cause cadaver bloating, rupture releases nutrient-rich bodily fluids into environment, altering soil around carcasses. In this study, we aimed to investigate underlying principles governing succession of microbial decomposition pig carcasses beneath At early decay, phylum Firmicutes Bacteroidota were most abundant in both winter summer rectum. However, Proteobacteria became rectum late decay. Using genus as a biomarker estimate PMI could get MAE from 1.375 days 2.478 based on RF model. abundance bacterial showed decreasing trend with prolonged time. There statistically differences diversity two periods (pre-rupture post-rupture) four groups (WPG 0-8Dvs. WPG 16-40D, p < 0.0001; WPS 0-16Dvs. 24-40D, = 0.003; SPG 0D vs. 8-40D, 0.0005; SPS 0.0208). Most biomarkers pre-rupture period belong obligate anaerobes. contrast, post-rupture aerobic bacteria. Furthermore, Vagococcus shows similar increase trend, whether or summer. Together, these results suggest was predictable be developed forensic tool estimating PMI.

Language: Английский

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Microbial communities in the liver and brain are informative for postmortem submersion interval estimation in the late phase of decomposition: A study in mouse cadavers recovered from freshwater

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Nov. 15, 2022

Bodies recovered from water, especially in the late phase of decomposition, pose difficulties to investigating authorities. Various methods have been proposed for postmortem submersion interval (PMSI) estimation and drowning identification, but some limitations remain. Many recent studies proved value microbiota succession viscera estimation. Nevertheless, visceral its application PMSI identification require further investigation.In current study, mouse CO2 asphyxia models were developed, cadavers immersed freshwater 0 14 days. Microbial communities liver brain characterized via 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing.Only livers brains collected 5 days qualified sequencing. There was significant variation between brain. Differences mice that had drowned those only subjected decreased over PMSI. Significant successions microbial observed among different subgroups within brains. Eighteen taxa which mainly related Clostridium_sensu_stricto Aeromonas, 26 belonged Clostridium_sensu_stricto, Acetobacteroides, Limnochorda, selected as potential biomarkers based on a random forest algorithm. The established yielded accurate prediction results with mean absolute errors ± standard error 1.282 0.189 d 0.989 0.237 brain.The present study provides novel information corpses submerged sheds new light forensic practice.

Language: Английский

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