Reviews in the Neurosciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 12, 2024
Glioblastoma
is
a
brain
cancer
with
poor
prognosis.
Failure
of
classical
chemotherapy
and
surgical
treatments
indicates
that
new
therapeutic
approaches
are
needed.
Among
cell-free
options,
exosomes
versatile
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
carry
important
cargo
across
barriers
such
as
the
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB)
to
their
target
cells.
This
makes
an
interesting
option
for
treatment
glioblastoma.
Moreover,
can
comprise
many
cargos,
including
lipids,
proteins,
nucleic
acids,
sampled
from
special
intercellular
compartments
origin
cell.
Cells
exposed
various
immunomodulatory
stimuli
generate
enriched
in
specific
molecules.
Notably,
secretion
could
modify
immune
response
innate
adaptive
systems.
For
instance,
glioblastoma-associated
(GBex)
uptake
by
macrophages
influence
macrophage
dynamics
(e.g.,
shifting
CD
markers
expression).
Expression
critical
immunoregulatory
proteins
cytotoxic
T-lymphocyte
antigen-1
(CTLA1)
programmed
death-1
(PD-1)
on
GBex
direct
crosstalk
these
nano-size
system.
The
present
study
reviews
role
system
cells,
B
T
natural
killer
(NK)
dendritic
cells
(DCs),
well
novel
technologies
field.
Bioengineering,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
12(1), P. 92 - 92
Published: Jan. 20, 2025
Critical
limb
ischemia
(CLI)
poses
a
substantial
and
intricate
challenge
in
vascular
medicine,
necessitating
the
development
of
innovative
therapeutic
strategies
to
address
its
multifaceted
pathophysiology.
Conventional
revascularization
approaches
often
fail
adequately
complexity
CLI,
identification
alternative
methodologies.
This
review
explores
uncharted
territory
beyond
traditional
therapies,
focusing
on
potential
two
distinct
yet
interrelated
entities:
cell-derived
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
artificial
nanovesicles.
Cell-derived
EVs
are
small
membranous
structures
naturally
released
by
cells,
nanovesicles
artificially
engineered
nanosized
vesicles.
Both
these
represent
promising
avenues
for
intervention.
They
act
as
carriers
bioactive
cargo,
including
proteins,
nucleic
acids,
lipids,
that
can
modulate
cellular
responses
associated
with
ischemic
tissue
repair
angiogenesis.
also
assesses
evolving
landscape
CLI
through
unique
perspective
The
spans
spectrum
from
early
preclinical
investigations
latest
translational
advancements,
providing
comprehensive
overview
current
state
research
this
emerging
field.
These
groundbreaking
vesicle
therapies
hold
immense
revolutionizing
treatment
paradigms.
BBA Advances,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
7, P. 100140 - 100140
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
High-grade
serous
ovarian
carcinoma
(HGSOC)
is
a
deadly
subtype
of
cancer
(OC),
often
diagnosed
at
late
stages
due
to
nonspecific
symptoms
and
lack
effective
markers
for
early
detection.
Aberrant
protein
N-linked
glycosylation
has
been
reported
in
HGSOC,
holding
potential
improving
the
diagnosis
prognosis
affected
patients.
Building
on
our
recent
observation
documenting
that
HGSOC-derived
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
exhibit
aberrant
expression
patterns,
we
here
explore
N-glycosylation
displayed
by
EVs
isolated
from
HGSOC
cell
lines
patient
ascites
relative
those
matching
controls
unveil
candidate
HGSOC.
Comparative
glycoproteomics
small
(sEVs,
<200
nm)
medium/large
(m/lEVs,
>200
non-cancerous
revealed
lower
overall
EV
proteins
decreased
oligosaccharyltransferase
(OST)
subunits
compared
lines.
Increased
α2,6-sialylation
was
also
observed
m/lEVs
lectin
blotting,
which
correlated
with
increased
gene
ST6GAL1
ST3GAL3/4
normal
ovary
tissues.
Our
study
provides
insights
into
glycoproteome
underlying
changes
machinery
tissues,
opening
new
avenues
discovery
novel
against
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
11
Published: Jan. 21, 2025
Aging
significantly
affects
intercellular
communication
between
vascular
endothelial
cells
(ECs)
and
hematopoietic
cells,
leading
to
inflammation
age-associated
diseases.
This
study
determined
how
senescent
ECs
communicate
with
monocytes,
whether
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
released
from
affect
monocyte
functions,
investigated
the
potential
for
epigallocatechin-3-gallate
(EGCG),
a
flavonoid
in
green
tea,
reverse
these
effects.
Human
umbilical
vein
(HUVECs)
were
treated
Etoposide
(10
µM,
24
h)
induce
senescence,
followed
by
EGCG
(100
treatment
evaluate
its
as
senotherapeutic
agent.
The
interaction
monocytes
was
analyzed
using
co-culture
system
direct
of
EC-derived
EVs.
reduced
senescence-associated
phenotypes
ECs,
evidenced
decreased
(SA)-β-Gal
activity
reversal
Etoposide-induced
senescence
markers.
Monocytes
co-cultured
EGCG-treated
showed
pro-inflammatory
responses
compared
those
untreated
ECs.
Additionally,
produced
more
EVs
than
non-senescent
enhanced
lipopolysaccharide
(LPS)-induced
activation
whereas
mitigated
this
activation,
maintaining
at
normal
levels.
Our
findings
reveal
that
confers
anti-senescent
effects
via
modulation
EC
secretome
(including
EVs)
capacity
modify
activation.
These
suggest
could
act
agent
reduce
related
aging.
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: Feb. 19, 2025
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
nano-sized,
membranous
structures
secreted
by
cells
into
the
extracellular
space,
have
attracted
considerable
attention
in
field
of
biosciences
for
their
role
intercellular
communication
various
physiological
and
pathological
processes.
Their
ubiquitous
presence
bodily
fluids
cell-specific
characteristics
make
them
promising
candidates
as
biomarkers.
Additionally,
ability
to
transport
biological
therapeutics
across
different
barriers
specific
target
underscores
significant
translational
potential
diagnostic
therapeutic
purposes.
Significant
progress
has
been
achieved
translation
EVs
research
clinical
applications,
however,
challenges
persist
large-scale
production
EVs,
particularly
areas
scalable
manufacturing,
efficient
isolation
methods,
drug
loading
techniques,
advanced
characterization
technology.
This
review
critically
examines
complex
processes
involved
biogenesis
explores
recent
developments
production.
By
synthesizing
knowledge
from
these
fields,
this
aims
provide
a
holistic
perspective
on
evolving
landscape
its
underscoring
both
accomplishments
obstacles
that
lie
ahead
fully
realizing
biomedicine.
Vaccines,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(3), P. 280 - 280
Published: March 7, 2024
Exosomes
are
small
subtypes
of
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
naturally
released
by
different
types
cells
into
their
environment.
Their
physiological
roles
appear
to
be
multiple,
yet
many
aspects
biological
activities
remain
understood.
These
can
transport
and
deliver
a
variety
cargoes
may
serve
as
unconventional
secretory
vesicles.
Thus,
they
play
crucial
role
important
vectors
for
intercellular
communication
the
maintenance
homeostasis.
Exosome
production
content
vary
under
several
stresses
or
modifications
in
cell
microenvironment,
influencing
cellular
responses
stimulating
immunity.
During
infectious
processes,
exosomes
described
double-edged
swords,
displaying
both
beneficial
detrimental
effects.
Owing
tractability,
analysis
EVs
from
multiple
biofluids
has
become
booming
tool
monitoring
various
pathologies,
cancerous
origins.
In
this
review,
we
present
an
overview
exosome
features
discuss
particular
ambiguous
functions
contexts.
We
then
focus
on
properties
diagnostic
therapeutic
tools.
regard,
explore
capacity
vectorize
immunogenic
viral
antigens
function
mounting
adaptive
immune
responses.
As
provide
interesting
platforms
antigen
presentation,
further
review
available
data
engineering,
which
enables
peptides
interest
exposed
at
surface.
light
all
these
data,
emerging
promising
avenues
vaccine
strategies.
Cancers,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(13), P. 2462 - 2462
Published: July 5, 2024
Early
cancer
detection
and
accurate
monitoring
are
crucial
to
ensure
increased
patient
survival.
Recent
research
has
focused
on
developing
non-invasive
biomarkers
diagnose
early
monitor
disease
progression
at
low
cost
risk.
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs),
nanosized
particles
secreted
into
extracellular
spaces
by
most
cell
types,
gaining
immense
popularity
as
novel
biomarker
candidates
for
liquid
biopsy,
they
can
transport
bioactive
cargo
distant
sites
facilitate
intercellular
communications.
A
literature
search
was
conducted
discuss
the
current
approaches
EV
isolation
advances
in
using
EV-associated
proteins,
miRNA,
mRNA,
DNA,
lipids
biopsies.
We
discussed
advantages
challenges
of
these
clinical
applications.
Moreover,
recent
advancements
machine
learning
a
tool
tumor
marker
discovery
also
highlighted.
Lipids in Health and Disease,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
24(1)
Published: Jan. 7, 2025
Abstract
Metabolic
dysfunction-associated
steatotic
liver
disease
(MASLD)
is
an
asymptomatic,
multifaceted
condition
often
associated
with
various
risk
factors,
including
fatigue,
obesity,
insulin
resistance,
metabolic
syndrome,
and
sleep
apnea.
The
increasing
burden
of
MASLD
underscores
the
critical
need
for
early
diagnosis
effective
therapies.
Owing
to
lack
efficient
therapies
MASLD,
crucial.
Consequently,
noninvasive
biomarkers
imaging
techniques
are
essential
analyzing
play
a
pivotal
role
in
global
diagnostic
process.
use
extracellular
vesicles
has
emerged
as
promising
therapy
ailments.
Herein,
comprehensive
summary
current
modalities
presented,
highlighting
their
advantages
limitations
while
exploring
potential
(EVs)
innovative
therapeutic
tools
MASLD.
With
this
aim,
review
emphasizes
in-depth
understanding
origin
EVs
pathophysiological
alterations
these
ectosomes
exosomes
diseases.
This
also
explores
key
components
future
management
disease.
dual
utility
essentially
highlights
clinical
integration
improve
treatment.
While
EV-based
still
stages
development
require
substantial
research
increase
value
before
they
can
be
used
clinically,
application
been
extensively
explored.
Moving
forward,
developing
devices
leveraging
will
crucial
advancing
diagnosis.
Thus,
literature
summarized
provides
suitable
grounds
clinicians
researchers
explore
devising
treatment
strategies
Neuroglia,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
6(1), P. 8 - 8
Published: Feb. 10, 2025
Background:
Angiogenesis
is
a
key
factor
necessary
for
tissue
growth
but
becomes
often
dysregulated
in
cancer,
driving
tumour
progression.
Glioblastoma
multiforme
(GBM)
induces
abnormal
vascular
remodelling
via
Hypoxia-activated
VEGF,
FGF
and
PDGF.
Despite
increased
vascularization,
hypoxia
persists,
worsening
malignancy.
Additionally,
emerging
evidence
highlights
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
as
mediators
of
angiogenesis
conduits
transferring
bioactive
cargo
modulating
cellular
signaling.
By
promoting
neovascularization,
EVs
can
facilitate
growth,
hinder
drug
delivery,
contribute
to
therapeutic
resistance,
making
them
potential
targets.
Objective:
This
study
explores
the
role
GBM-derived
aberrant
by
VEGF
MMP
signalling
correlating
with
EV
biogenesis
better
understand
vascularisation
paucities.
Methods:
investigates
dysregulation,
silico
vitro
approaches,
use
available
databases
enrichment
profiles
angiogenic
drivers
enriched
GBM
followed
validation
studies
using
2D
cell
culture
HUVEC
U87MG
cells
on
treatment
inhibitor.
Results:
We
observed
that
be
collaborators
upregulating
pro-angiogenic
genes
(VEGFA,
NRP1,
MMP9)
markers
(CD9,
CD81,
TSG101),
facilitating
endothelial
migration
remodelling.
Functional
assays
further
confirmed
act
vectors
signals,
while
their
inhibition
GW4869
significantly
reduced
activity,
highlighting
vascularization.
Conclusions:
Targeting
EV-mediated
presents
promising
strategy
GBM,
warranting
preclinical
clinical
models.
