Journal of Pharmacological Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 1, 2025
Object
recognition
memory
is
an
animal's
ability
to
discriminate
between
novel
and
familiar
items
supported
by
neural
activities
in
not
only
the
perirhinal
cortex
but
also
hippocampus
prefrontal
cortex.
Since
we
previously
demonstrated
that
ramelteon
enhanced
object
mice,
sought
correlates
of
improvement.
We
recorded
activity
mice
while
they
performed
a
task.
found
theta
oscillations
were
when
ramelteon-treated
explored
both
objects.
Moreover,
showed
high
coherence
phases
at
low
gamma
frequencies
assume
enhancement
indicative
increased
cholinergic
melatonin
receptor
activation.
High
hippocampal
network
sampling
objects
suggests
better
cognitive
operations
for
discrimination
novelty
familiarity.
The
current
study
sheds
light
upon
physiological
consequences
activation,
further
contributing
improved
functions.
Journal of Neuroinflammation,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
20(1)
Published: Oct. 4, 2023
Abstract
Microglia
are
so
versatile
that
they
not
only
provide
immune
surveillance
for
central
nervous
system,
but
participate
in
neural
circuitry
development,
brain
blood
vessels
formation,
blood–brain
barrier
architecture,
and
intriguingly,
the
regulation
of
emotions
behaviors.
have
a
profound
impact
on
neuronal
survival,
wiring
synaptic
plasticity.
As
professional
phagocytic
cells
brain,
remove
dead
cell
debris
neurotoxic
agents
via
an
elaborate
mechanism.
The
functional
profile
microglia
varies
considerately
depending
age,
gender,
disease
context
other
internal
or
external
environmental
factors.
Numerous
studies
demonstrated
pivotal
involvement
neuropsychiatric
disorders,
including
negative
affection,
social
deficit,
compulsive
behavior,
fear
memory,
pain
symptoms
associated
with
major
depression
disorder,
anxiety
autism
spectrum
disorder
schizophrenia.
In
this
review,
we
summarized
latest
discoveries
regarding
microglial
ontogeny,
subtypes
state
spectrum,
biological
functions
mechanistic
underpinnings
emotional
behavioral
disorders.
Furthermore,
highlight
potential
microglia-targeted
therapies
propose
outstanding
questions
to
be
addressed
future
research
human
microglia.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(10), P. 5549 - 5549
Published: May 19, 2024
Parvalbumin
expressing
(PV+)
GABAergic
interneurons
are
fast
spiking
neurons
that
provide
powerful
but
relatively
short-lived
inhibition
to
principal
excitatory
cells
in
the
brain.
They
play
a
vital
role
feedforward
and
feedback
synaptic
inhibition,
preventing
run
away
excitation
neural
networks.
Hence,
their
dysfunction
can
lead
hyperexcitability
increased
susceptibility
seizures.
PV+
also
key
players
generating
gamma
oscillations,
which
synchronized
oscillations
associated
with
various
cognitive
functions.
interneuron
particularly
vulnerable
aging
degeneration
has
been
decline
memory
impairment
dementia
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD).
Overall,
of
disrupts
normal
excitatory/inhibitory
balance
within
specific
neurocircuits
brain
thus
linked
wide
range
neurodevelopmental
neuropsychiatric
disorders.
This
review
focuses
on
dysfunctional
inhibitory
generation
epileptic
seizures
potential
as
targets
design
future
therapeutic
strategies
treat
these
Recent
research
using
cutting-edge
optogenetic
chemogenetic
technologies
demonstrated
they
be
selectively
manipulated
control
restore
activity
brains
animal
models.
suggests
could
important
developing
treatments
for
patients
epilepsy
comorbid
disorders,
such
AD,
where
directly
deficits.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(12), P. 10093 - 10093
Published: June 13, 2023
Migraine
is
among
the
most
common
and
debilitating
neurological
disorders
typically
affecting
people
of
working
age.
It
characterised
by
a
unilateral,
pulsating
headache
often
associated
with
severe
pain.
Despite
intensive
research,
there
still
little
understanding
pathophysiology
migraine.
At
electrophysiological
level,
altered
oscillatory
parameters
have
been
reported
within
alpha
gamma
bands.
molecular
glutamate
GABA
concentrations
reported.
However,
has
cross-talk
between
these
lines
research.
Thus,
relationship
activity
neurotransmitter
remains
to
be
empirically
traced.
Importantly,
how
indices
link
back
sensory
processing
clearly
established
as
yet.
Accordingly,
pharmacologic
treatments
mostly
symptom-based,
yet
sometimes
proving
ineffective
in
resolving
pain
or
related
issues.
This
review
provides
an
integrative
theoretical
framework
excitation-inhibition
imbalance
for
current
evidence
address
outstanding
questions
concerning
We
propose
use
computational
modelling
rigorous
formulation
testable
hypotheses
on
mechanisms
homeostatic
development
mechanism-based
pharmacological
neurostimulation
interventions.
Brain Behavior and Immunity,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
119, P. 286 - 300
Published: April 10, 2024
Alzheimer's
disease
is
a
progressive
neurological
disorder
causing
memory
loss
and
cognitive
decline.
The
underlying
causes
of
deterioration
neurodegeneration
remain
unclear,
leading
to
lack
effective
strategies
prevent
dementia.
Recent
evidence
highlights
the
role
neuroinflammation,
particularly
involving
microglia,
in
onset
progression.
Characterizing
initial
phase
can
lead
discovery
new
biomarkers
therapeutic
targets,
facilitating
timely
interventions
for
treatments.
We
used
AppNL-G-F
knock-in
mouse
model,
which
resembles
amyloid
pathology
neuroinflammatory
characteristics
disease,
investigate
transition
from
pre-plaque
an
early
plaque
stage
with
combined
functional
molecular
approach.
Our
experiments
show
decrease
power
cognition-relevant
hippocampal
gamma
oscillations
during
pathology,
together
modification
fast-spiking
interneuron
intrinsic
properties
postsynaptic
input.
Consistently,
transcriptomic
analyses
revealed
that
these
effects
are
accompanied
by
changes
synaptic
function-associated
pathways.
Concurrently,
homeostasis-
inflammatory-related
microglia
signature
genes
were
downregulated.
Moreover,
we
found
Iba1-positive
hippocampus
correlates
aggregation
neuronal
dysfunction.
Collectively,
findings
support
hypothesis
play
protective
stages
preventing
aggregation,
supporting
homeostasis,
overall
preserving
oscillatory
network's
functionality.
These
results
suggest
alteration
dynamics
could
be
pivotal
event
progression
potentially
triggering
deposition,
impairment
interneurons,
breakdown
circuitry
hippocampus.
Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
44(1)
Published: July 26, 2024
Abstract
Optogenetics,
a
revolutionary
technique
integrating
optical
and
genetic
methodologies,
offers
unparalleled
precision
in
spatial
targeting
temporal
resolution
for
cellular
control.
This
approach
enables
the
selective
manipulation
of
specific
neuronal
populations,
inducing
subtle
electrical
changes
that
significantly
impact
complex
neural
circuitry.
As
optogenetics
precisely
targets
modulates
activity,
it
holds
potential
significant
breakthroughs
understanding
potentially
altering
course
neurodegenerative
diseases,
characterized
by
loss
leading
to
functional
deficits
within
nervous
system.
The
integration
into
disease
research
has
advanced
field,
offering
new
insights
paving
way
innovative
treatment
strategies.
Its
application
clinical
settings,
although
still
nascent
stages,
suggests
promising
future
addressing
some
most
challenging
aspects
disorders.
In
this
review,
we
provide
comprehensive
overview
these
undertakings.
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Oct. 6, 2022
Alzheimer's
disease
is
one
of
the
great
challenges
in
coming
decades,
and
despite
efforts,
a
widely
effective
disease-modifying
therapy
humans
remains
elusive.
One
particular
promising
non-pharmacological
that
has
received
increased
attention
recent
years
based
on
Gamma
ENtrainment
Using
Sensory
stimulation
(GENUS),
high-frequency
neural
response
elicited
by
visual
and/or
auditory
stimulus
at
40
Hz.
While
this
shown
to
be
animal
models,
studies
human
participants
have
reported
varying
success.
The
current
work
hypothesizes
success
due
differences
cognitive
workload
during
GENUS
sessions.We
recruited
cohort
15
who
underwent
scalp-EEG
recording
as
well
epilepsy
patient
was
implanted
with
50
subdural
surface
electrodes
over
temporo-occipital
temporo-basal
cortex
14
depth
contacts
targeted
hippocampus
insula.
All
completed
several
sessions,
each
which
different
task
performed.We
found
inclusion
session
not
only
positive
effect
strength
extent
gamma
entrainment,
but
also
promotes
propagation
entrainment
additional
areas
including
deep
ones
such
were
when
no
required
from
participants.
latter
interest
given
hippocampal
complex
considered
primary
targets
for
AD
therapies.This
introduces
possible
improvement
strategy
might
contribute
increasing
efficacy
or
shortening
time
needed
outcome.
Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
17
Published: April 17, 2023
Neural
oscillations
have
been
categorized
into
various
frequency
bands
that
are
mechanistically
associated
with
different
cognitive
functions.
Specifically,
the
gamma
band
is
widely
implicated
to
be
involved
in
a
wide
range
of
processes.
As
such,
decreased
oscillation
has
declines
neurological
diseases,
such
as
memory
dysfunction
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD).
Recently,
studies
attempted
artificially
induce
by
using
40
Hz
sensory
entrainment
stimulation.
These
reported
attenuation
amyloid
load,
hyper-phosphorylation
tau
protein,
and
improvement
overall
cognition
both
AD
patients
mouse
models.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
advancements
use
stimulation
animal
models
therapeutic
strategy
patients.
We
also
future
opportunities,
well
challenges,
for
strategies
other
neurodegenerative
neuropsychiatric
diseases.
Journal of Alzheimer s Disease,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 12, 2025
Background
Pharmacological
treatment
of
behavioral
and
psychological
symptoms
dementia
is
limited
benefit.
The
addition
non-pharmacological
interventions
often
essential
for
optimal
symptom
control.
Music
a
viable
way
to
help
patients
communicate
improve
their
quality
life.
Objective
This
study
aims
find
the
most
effective
use
music
in
busy
ward.
Methods
17
inpatients
(aged
63–93
years)
with
clinical
diagnosis
Alzheimer's
disease
took
part
over
five
weeks.
lyrics
presented
via
free-field
speakers
were
individualized
personal
preferences.
Instruments
(e.g.,
maracas)
used
some
group
sessions.
We
Neuropsychiatric
Inventory
Questionnaire
(NPI-Q)
Dementia
Assessment
Scales
(MiDAS)
evaluate
patients’
behavior
before
after
musical
intervention.
Results
There
was
significant
difference
mean
NPI-Q
scores
Specifically,
Delusion,
Motor
Disturbances,
Agitation
significantly
reduced
accompanied
by
improvements
Interest,
Response,
Enjoyment
MiDAS
items
during
specific
intervals.
Conclusions
Clinical
professionals
can
successfully
deliver
music-based
intervention
advanced
manage
short
term.
Music-based
interventions’
inpatient
wards
must
be
further
investigated
as
an
economical
personalized
therapeutic
tool
dementia.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 13, 2025
Gamma
oscillations
are
disrupted
in
various
neurological
disorders,
including
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD).
In
AD
mouse
models,
non-invasive
audiovisual
stimulation
(AuViS)
at
40
Hz
enhances
gamma
oscillations,
clears
amyloid-beta,
and
improves
cognition.
We
investigated
mechanisms
of
circuit
remodeling
underlying
these
restorative
effects
by
leveraging
the
sensitivity
hippocampal
neurogenesis
to
activity
middle-aged
wild-type
mice.
AuViS
increased
progenitor
cell
proliferation,
neuronal
differentiation
morphological
maturation
newborn
granule
cells,
promoting
their
synaptic
integration.
While
visual
or
auditory
stimuli
alone
induced
dendritic
growth,
axonal
changes
required
combined
stimulation.
The
actions
involved
neurotrophin
pathways,
as
shown
lack
effect
upon
TrkB
signaling
blockade.
These
results
reveal
widespread
plasticity
triggered
AuViS,
a
therapeutic
approach
currently
proposed
for
treating
disorders
humans.
