Lecture notes in electrical engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 942 - 947
Published: Oct. 19, 2024
Language: Английский
Nature Mental Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(8), P. 975 - 986
Published: July 4, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
7
Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Introduction Structural brain connectivity abnormalities have been associated with several psychiatric disorders. Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a chronic disabling disorder accelerated aging and increased risk of dementia, though findings in the rarely directly compared to those that occur aging. Methods We used an automated approach reconstruct key white matter tracts assessed tract integrity five participant groups. acquired one-hour-long high-directional diffusion MRI data from young control (CON, n =28), bipolar (BPD, =21), SCZ (n =22) participants aged 18-30, healthy elderly (ELD, =15) dementia (DEM, =9) participants. Volume, fractional (FA), radial diffusivity (RD) axial (AD) seven (anterior thalamic radiation, ATR; dorsal ventral cingulum bundle, CBD CBV; corticospinal tract, CST; three superior longitudinal fasciculi: SLF-1, SLF-2 SLF-3) were analyzed TRACULA. Group comparisons metrics performed using multivariate univariate analyses. Clinical relationships recent symptoms BPD Results A MANOVA showed group differences FA (λ=0.5; p=0.0002) RD (λ=0.35; p<0.0001) across tracts, but no significant AD volume. Post-hoc analyses indicated lower higher ELD DEM groups CON, Lower CON did not meet statistical significance. In participants, negative correlation was found between psychosis severity SLF-1 (r= -0.45; p=0.035), -0.49; p=0.02) SLF-3 -0.44; p=0.042). Discussion Our results indicate impaired populations consistent myelin damage. Impaired most prominent patients advanced illness.
Language: Английский
Citations
5
Addiction Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(5)
Published: May 1, 2024
Abstract Substance use disorders are characterized by inhibition deficits related to disrupted connectivity in white matter pathways, leading via interaction difficulties resisting substance use. By combining neuroimaging with smartphone‐based ecological momentary assessment (EMA), we questioned how biomarkers moderate predict Thus, aimed assess integrity everyday and resting‐state network identify multi‐dimensional predictors of Thirty‐eight patients treated for alcohol, cannabis or tobacco disorder completed 1 week EMA report five times complete Stroop testing twice daily. Before tracking, participants underwent resting state functional MRI diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scanning. Regression analyses were conducted between mean performances whole‐brain fractional anisotropy (FA) matter. Moderation was FA within significant clusters as moderator the link performance outcome. Predictions strength known inhibition‐related networks assessed using mixed modelling. Higher values anterior corpus callosum bilateral corona radiata predicted higher during stronger occipital–frontal–cerebellar regions. Integrity these regions moderated inhibitory control use, whereby predictive lowest probability highest values. In conclusion, compromised structural brain systems appears underlie impairment ability refrain from
Language: Английский
Citations
4
Addiction, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Jan. 10, 2025
Abstract Background and Aim Cannabis use disorder (CUD) is strongly influenced by genetic factors; however the mechanisms underpinning this association are not well understood. This study investigated whether a polygenic risk score (PRS) based on genome‐wide for CUD in adults predicts cannabis adolescents can be explained inter‐individual variation structural properties of brain white matter or risk‐taking behaviors. Design setting Longitudinal cross‐sectional analyses using data from IMAGEN cohort, European longitudinal integrating genetic, neuroimaging behavioral measures. We measured associations between PRS CUD, novelty sensation seeking traits fractional anisotropy (FA) tracts. Mediation modeling explored FA mediated use. Participants were assessed at 14 ( n = 1762), 19 1175) 23 1139) years old. Measurements School Survey Project Alcohol Other Drugs, substance profile scale, Fagerstrom Test Nicotine Dependence, temperament character inventory, Kirby Monetary Questionnaire, diffusor tensor imaging CUD‐PRS. Findings CUD‐PRS was associated with adolescent total exposure [ P < 0.001, beta 0.098 (95% confidence interval 0.059, 0.137)] as other measures [alcohol 0.002, 0.058 (0.020, 0.096); cigarettes smoked 0.086 (0.044, 0.128); fargestrom 0.062 (0.028, drug 0.106 (0.065, 0.147)]. also impulsivity, behaviors [impulsivity (0.060, 0.142); 0.094 (0.0523, 0.1357); 0.105 (0.064, 0.146); discounting task 0.051 (0.013, 0.089)] average −0.010 (−0.015, −0.005)]. mediation models showed that these could mediate [overall indirect effect 0.048 0.068); impulsivity 0.016, 0.019 (0.004, 0.035); 0.034 (0.017, 0.05)]. Conclusions The adult appears to behavior structure early age 14. observed consistent notion increases way leads more adolescents.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Feb. 21, 2025
ABSTRACT Background Differentiating Bipolar (BD) and depressive (DD) disorders remains challenging in clinical practice due to overlapping symptoms. Our study employs fixel-based analysis (FBA) examine fiber-specific white matter differences BD DD gain insights into the ability of FBA metrics predict future spectrum mood Methods 163 individuals between 18 45 years with BD, DD, healthy controls (HC) underwent Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging. was used assess fiber density (FD), cross-section (FC), (FDC) major tracts. A longitudinal follow-up evaluated whether measures predicted hypomanic symptom trajectories over six months. Results Direct comparisons indicated lower FD right superior uncinate fasciculi left thalamo-occipital tract versus DD. Individuals exhibited arcuate fasciculus than those BD. Compared HC, both groups showed splenium corpus callosum striato-occipital optic radiation these tracts severity. Exploratory analyses revealed associations FD, medication use, marijuana exposure. Conclusions findings highlight distinct alterations Furthermore, key may serve as a predictor trajectories, supporting potential utility biomarker for disorder prognosis. Future studies are needed explore impact treatment disease progression on microstructure.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Pharmacological Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 76(5), P. 915 - 955
Published: June 7, 2024
Cannabis is one of the oldest and widely used substances in world. Cannabinoids within cannabis plant, known as phytocannabinoids, mediate cannabis9 effects through interactions with body9s endogenous cannabinoid system. This system, endocannabinoid has important roles physical mental health. These point to potential develop cannabinoids therapeutic agents, while underscoring risks related interfering system during non-medical use. scoping narrative review synthesizes current evidence for both adverse major (i.e., Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol cannabidiol) lesser studied minor from nonclinical clinical research. We pay particular attention areas where well-established, including analgesic after acute exposures neurocognitive chronic In addition, drug development considerations agents United States are reviewed. The proposed study design encourage methodological standards greater scientific rigor reproducibility, ultimately, extend our knowledge benefits patients providers. Significance Statement work provides a prior research context States. also provide future development.
Language: Английский
Citations
3
Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(41), P. e2256232024 - e2256232024
Published: Aug. 30, 2024
During adolescence, cannabis experimentation is common, and its association with interindividual variations in brain maturation well studied. Cellular molecular underpinnings of these system-level relationships are, however, unclear. We thus conducted a three-step study. First, we exposed adolescent male mice to Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or synthetic cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2 (WIN) assessed differentially expressed genes (DEGs), spine numbers, dendritic complexity their frontal cortex. Second, human (male) adolescents, examined group differences cortical thickness 34 regions, using magnetic resonance imaging, between those who experimented before age 16 (
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17
Published: Oct. 5, 2023
Serotonergic psychedelics such as ayahuasca are reported to promote both structural and functional neural plasticity via partial 5-HT2A agonism. However, little is known about how these molecular mechanisms may extend repeated psychedelic administration in humans, let alone neuroanatomy. While early evidence suggests localised changes cortical thickness long-term users, it unknown findings be reflected by large-scale anatomical brain networks comprising cytoarchitecturally complex regions.Here, we examined the relationship between gene expression markers of action morphometric change following usage, using high-field 7 Tesla neuroimaging data derived from 24 members an ayahuasca-using church (Santo Daime) case-matched controls.Using a similarity network (MSN) analysis, use was associated with spatially distributed patterning differentiation sensorimotor areas de-differentiation transmodal areas. Cortical MSN remodelling found correlated dysregulation well broader set genes encoding target receptors pertinent ayahuasca's effects. Furthermore, associations were similarly interrelated altered specific transcriptional factors immediate previously identified preclinical assays relevant psychedelic-induced neuroplasticity.Taken together, provide preliminary that scale up macroscale level organisation vivo. Closer attention role transcriptomics structural-functional coupling help account for behavioural differences observed experienced users.
Language: Английский
Citations
4
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Sept. 20, 2023
Prenatal cannabis exposure (PCE) is associated with mental health problems, but the neurobiological mechanisms remain unknown. We find that PCE localized differences across neuroimaging metrics longitudinally mediate associations in adolescence (n=9,322-10,186). Differences brain development may contribute to PCE-related variability adolescent health.
Language: Английский
Citations
3
American Journal of Neuroradiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(7), P. 912 - 919
Published: Feb. 21, 2024
The impairment of the glymphatic system, a perivascular network crucial for brain waste clearance, has been linked to cognitive impairment, potentially attributed accumulation waste. Although marijuana use associated with poorer performance, particularly in adolescents, its influence on system remains unexplored. This study evaluated age first and total number lifetime uses measured using index DTI along space (DTI-ALPS). Furthermore, we explored correlation between clearance performance among users.
Language: Английский
Citations
0