En route to sound coding strategies for optical cochlear implants DOI Creative Commons
Lakshay Khurana, Tamás Harczos, Tobias Moser

et al.

iScience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(10), P. 107725 - 107725

Published: Aug. 26, 2023

Hearing loss is the most common human sensory deficit. Severe-to-complete sensorineural hearing often treated by electrical cochlear implants (eCIs) bypassing dysfunctional or lost hair cells direct stimulation of auditory nerve. The wide current spread from each intracochlear electrode array contact activates large sets tonotopically organized neurons limiting spectral selectivity sound coding. Despite many efforts, an increase in number independent eCI channels seems impossible to achieve. Light, which can be better confined space than electric may help optical (oCIs) overcome shortcomings. In this review, we present state optogenetic encoding. We highlight coding strategy development capitalizing on that requires fine-grained, fast, and power-efficient real-time processing controlling dozens microscale emitters as emerging research area.

Language: Английский

Toward Optogenetic Hearing Restoration DOI
Antoine Huet, Thomas Mager, Christian Goßler

et al.

Annual Review of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 47(1), P. 103 - 121

Published: April 10, 2024

The cochlear implant (CI) is considered the most successful neuroprosthesis as it enables speech comprehension in majority of million otherwise deaf patients. In hearing by electrical stimulation auditory nerve, broad spread current from each electrode acts a bottleneck that limits transfer sound frequency information. Hence, there remains major unmet medical need for improving quality with CIs. Recently, optogenetic cochlea has been suggested an alternative approach restoration. Cochlear optogenetics promises to more information, hence hearing, light can conveniently be confined space activate nerve within smaller tonotopic ranges. this review, we discuss latest experimental and technological developments restoration outline remaining challenges en route clinical translation.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Barriers to Cochlear Implant Uptake in Adults: A Scoping Review DOI Creative Commons
Jonathan Neukam, Ansley J. Kunnath, Ankita Patro

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 15, 2024

Abstract Introduction Cochlear Implants (CIs) provide access to sound and help mitigate the negative effects of hearing loss. As a field, we are successfully implanting more adults with greater amounts residual than ever before. Despite this, utilization remains low, which is thought arise from barriers that both intrinsic extrinsic. A considerable body literature has been published in last five years on adult CI uptake, understanding these critical improving utilization. This scoping review aims summarize existing guide uptake. Methods Inclusion criteria were limited peer-reviewed articles involving adults, written English, accessible university library subscription. cutoff 20 was used limit search. Barriers uncovered this categorized into an ecological framework. Results The initial search revealed 2,315 items after duplicates removed. One hundred thirty-one reviewed under full-text, 68 met inclusion criteria. Discussion Race, ethnicity, reimbursement policy structural barriers. Public awareness education societal Referral geographical challenges forms organizational Living context professional support interpersonal At individual level quality, uncertainty outcome, surgery, loss hearing, irreversibility all By organizing framework, targeted interventions can be overcome such

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Optogenetics: Illuminating the Future of Hearing Restoration and Understanding Auditory Perception DOI
Namit Kant Singh, Balaji Ramamourthy, Neemu Hage

et al.

Current Gene Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(3), P. 208 - 216

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Abstract: Hearing loss is a prevalent sensory impairment significantly affecting communication and quality of life. Traditional approaches for hearing restoration, such as cochlear implants, have limitations in frequency resolution spatial selectivity. Optogenetics, an emerging field utilizing light-sensitive proteins, offers promising avenue addressing these revolutionizing rehabilitation. This review explores the methods introducing Channelrhodopsin- 2 (ChR2), key protein, into cells to enable optogenetic stimulation. Viral- mediated gene delivery widely employed technique optogenetics. Selecting suitable viral vector, adeno-associated viruses (AAV), crucial efficient cells. The ChR2 inserted vector through molecular cloning techniques, resulting introduced via direct injection or round window membrane delivery. allows expression subsequent light sensitivity targeted Alternatively, cell transfection non-viral approach cloned plasmid which then combined with agents like liposomes nanoparticles. mixture applied cells, facilitating entry DNA target enabling expression. Optogenetic stimulation using precise selective activation specific neurons response light, potentially overcoming current auditory prostheses. Moreover, optogenetics has broader implications understanding neural circuits involved processing behavior. combination techniques provides improving restoration strategies, offering potential enhanced resolution, selectivity, improved perception.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Barriers to Cochlear Implant Uptake in Adults: A Scoping Review DOI
Jonathan Neukam, Ansley J. Kunnath, Ankita Patro

et al.

Otology & Neurotology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(10), P. e679 - e686

Published: Nov. 8, 2024

Cochlear implants (CIs) provide access to sound and help mitigate the negative effects of hearing loss. As a field, we are successfully implanting more adults with greater amounts residual than ever before. Despite this, utilization remains low, which is thought arise from barriers that both intrinsic extrinsic. A considerable body literature has been published in last 5 years on adult CI uptake, understanding these critical improving utilization. This scoping review aims summarize existing guide uptake.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Devising a framework of optogenetic coding in the auditory pathway: Insights from auditory midbrain recordings DOI Creative Commons
M Halassa Michael, Bettina Wolf,

Astrid Klinge‐Strahl

et al.

Brain stimulation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 1486 - 1500

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Cochlear implants (CIs) restore activity in the deafened auditory system via electrical stimulation of nerve. As spread electric current biological tissues is rather broad, spectral information provided by CIs limited. Optogenetic nerve has been suggested for artificial sound coding with improved selectivity, as light can be conveniently confined space. Yet, foundations optogenetic strategies remain to established. Here, we parametrized stimulus-response-relationships pathway gerbils stimulation. Upon activation waveguide-based spiral ganglion, recorded neuronal midbrain, which neural representations spectral, temporal, and intensity found. Screening a wide range optical stimuli taking properties CI emitters into account, aimed optimize stimulus paradigms potent energy-efficient pathway. We report that efficient builds on integration millisecond built from microsecond pulses, optimally accommodate power-efficient laser diode operation. Moreover, performed an activity-level-dependent comparison acoustic order estimate dynamic maximal amenable single channel encoding, indicate it complies well speech comprehension typical conversation (65 dB). Our results provide first framework development future hearing restoration.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Improved optogenetic modification of the spiral ganglion neurons for future optical cochlear implants DOI Creative Commons
Anupriya Thirumalai, Jörg Henseler,

Marzieh Enayati

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 12, 2024

Abstract Optogenetic stimulation has become a promising approach for restoring lost body function. For example, partial restoration of vision been achieved in blind patient and proof-of-concept demonstrated optogenetic hearing rodents. In order to prepare clinical translation restoration, efficient safe modification spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) the mature cochlea remains be developed. Here, we established microcatheter-based administration adeno-associated virus (AAV) scala tympani Mongolian gerbils compared it previously developed AAV-injection into ganglion. We probed potential AAV-PHP.S capsid express channelrhodopsins (ChRs) under control human synapsin promotor SGNs deafened gerbils. Using microcatheter approach, but not with AAV-modiolus injection, reliable ChR expression SGN enabling auditory pathway 80% treated animals. Yet, efficiency transduction was modest only ∼30% ChR-expressing SGNs. Moreover, encountered off-target hair cells both approaches, central nervous system using administration. Comparing brainstem responses without cell confirmed that were primary site pathway.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
En route to sound coding strategies for optical cochlear implants DOI Creative Commons
Lakshay Khurana, Tamás Harczos, Tobias Moser

et al.

iScience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(10), P. 107725 - 107725

Published: Aug. 26, 2023

Hearing loss is the most common human sensory deficit. Severe-to-complete sensorineural hearing often treated by electrical cochlear implants (eCIs) bypassing dysfunctional or lost hair cells direct stimulation of auditory nerve. The wide current spread from each intracochlear electrode array contact activates large sets tonotopically organized neurons limiting spectral selectivity sound coding. Despite many efforts, an increase in number independent eCI channels seems impossible to achieve. Light, which can be better confined space than electric may help optical (oCIs) overcome shortcomings. In this review, we present state optogenetic encoding. We highlight coding strategy development capitalizing on that requires fine-grained, fast, and power-efficient real-time processing controlling dozens microscale emitters as emerging research area.

Language: Английский

Citations

1