Neural Regeneration Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
21(1), P. 156 - 172
Published: Oct. 22, 2024
The
cerebellum
is
receiving
increasing
attention
for
its
cognitive,
emotional,
and
social
functions,
as
well
unique
metabolic
profiles.
Cerebellar
microglia
exhibit
specialized
highly
immunogenic
phenotypes
under
both
physiological
pathological
conditions.
These
immune
cells
communicate
with
intrinsic
systemic
factors
contribute
to
the
structural
functional
compartmentalization
of
cerebellum.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
roles
in
cerebellar
microenvironment,
neuroinflammation,
adaptation,
neuronal
activity,
associated
molecular
cellular
mechanisms,
potential
therapeutic
strategies
targeting
context
neuroinflammation.
Future
directions
unresolved
questions
field
are
further
highlighted,
particularly
regarding
interventions
microglia,
mechanisms
activities
circuitry,
connectivity,
neurofunctional
outcomes
their
activity.
morphology
performance
influenced
by
that
actively
monitored
healthy
diseased
states.
Under
conditions,
local
subsets
diverse
responses
altered
microenvironment
Microglia
undergo
early
maturation
during
embryonic
stage
display
specialized,
phenotypes.
summary,
have
capacity
serve
regulatory
tools
influence
across
a
wide
range
neurological
including
neurodevelopmental,
neurodegenerative,
metabolic,
stress-related
disorders.
Human Brain Mapping,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
46(4)
Published: March 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
This
study
integrated
neuroimaging
and
neurochemistry
data
to
explore
brain
mechanisms
in
chronic
insomnia
disorder
(CID)
the
neuromodulatory
effects
of
acupuncture.
We
analyzed
a
cross‐sectional
arterial
spin
labeling
(ASL)
dataset
(
N
=
197)
CID
patients
healthy
controls
identify
cerebral
blood
flow
(CBF)
changes.
Additionally,
longitudinal
ASL
44)
examined
CBF
changes
after
4‐week
acupuncture
treatment
or
on
waitlist.
then
assessed
impact
19
neurotransmitter
receptors/transporters
these
alterations.
In
comparisons,
exhibited
increased
cortical
areas
decreased
subcortical
regions,
correlating
with
severity.
enhanced
alleviated
symptoms,
not
observed
waitlist
group.
The
left
putamen
was
identified
as
an
overlapping
region
involved
both
CID‐related
post‐treatment
Moreover,
patterns
induced
by
negatively
correlated
abnormal
patients,
were
significantly
associated
GABAa
dopamine‐D1
receptor
densities.
decrease
could
potentially
serve
neural
biomarker
for
CID,
while
may
alleviate
symptoms
increasing
this
region,
through
modulation
D1
expressions.
Pain and Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(4), P. 733 - 744
Published: May 30, 2024
Pain-insomnia-depression
syndrome
(PIDS)
is
a
complex
triad
of
chronic
pain,
insomnia,
and
depression
that
has
profound
effects
on
an
individual's
quality
life
mental
health.
The
pathobiological
context
PIDS
involves
neurobiological
physiological
mechanisms,
including
alterations
in
neurotransmitter
systems
impaired
pain
processing
pathways.
first-line
therapeutic
approaches
for
the
treatment
depression,
insomnia
are
combination
pharmacological
non-pharmacological
therapies.
In
cases
where
patients
do
not
respond
adequately
to
these
treatments,
additional
interventions
such
as
deep
brain
stimulation
(DBS)
may
be
required.
Despite
advances
understanding
treatment,
there
still
gaps
knowledge
need
addressed.
To
improve
our
understanding,
future
research
should
focus
conducting
longitudinal
studies
uncover
temporal
associations,
identify
biomarkers
genetic
markers
associated
with
PIDS,
examine
influence
psychosocial
factors
responses,
develop
innovative
address
nature
PIDS.
aim
this
study
provide
comprehensive
overview
components
discuss
their
underlying
relationships.
Depression and Anxiety,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
2025(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Background:
Childhood
maltreatment
(CM)
is
a
significant
risk
factor
for
major
depressive
disorder
(MDD),
yet
the
underlying
biological
mechanisms
remain
unclear.
This
study
aimed
to
investigate
brain
functional
networks
and
peripheral
transcriptomics
in
patients
with
MDD
who
have
history
of
CM.
Methods:
Functional
imaging
data
were
collected
network-based
statistics
used
identify
differences
among
CM
(MDD_CM,
n
=
78),
without
(MDD_nCM,
61),
healthy
controls
(HC,
126).
Additionally,
blood
transcriptional
clustered
into
co-expression
modules,
module
differential
connectivity
analysis
was
utilized
assess
variations
gene
network
modules
groups.
Results:
The
results
revealed
difference
an
inferior
occipital
gyrus-centered
three
Furthermore,
eight
differed
groups
enriched
multiple
branches
related
immune
responses
or
metabolic
processes.
Notably,
type
I
interferon-related
signaling
pathways
demonstrated
correlation
disrupted
MDD_nCM
group.
Moreover,
immune-related
found
be
significantly
correlated
sleep
disturbances
MDD_CM
patients.
Conclusions:
Dysregulation
transcriptomic
alterations
associate
pathophysiology
MDD_CM.
Frontiers in Neurology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Aug. 8, 2024
Introduction
Sleep
disorders
are
prevalent
and
significant
among
individuals
receiving
methadone
maintenance
treatment
(MMT),
adversely
affecting
their
quality
of
life
adherence.
While
cerebral
blood
flow
(CBF)
plays
a
crucial
role
in
the
development
various
diseases,
its
relationship
with
sleep
remains
uncertain.
This
observational
study
focuses
on
possible
correlations
between
CBF
poor
subjective
MMT
patients.
Methods
A
total
75
participants
history
were
recruited
assessed
using
pseudo-continuous
arterial
spin
labeling
magnetic
resonance
imaging
to
determine
CBF.
LAASO
regression
model
was
employed
identify
region
interest
(ROI)
most
associated
disturbance.
The
association
ROI
Pittsburgh
Quality
Index
(PSQI)
examined
analyses.
Age,
gender,
BMI,
hypertension,
diabetes,
hyperlipidemia,
withdrawal
included
as
covariates.
Results
Among
patients
quality,
significantly
higher
observed
right
paracentral
lobule
(56.1057
±
11.1624
ml/100
g/min,
p
=
0.044),
cerebelum_3
(56.6723
15.3139
0.026),
caudate
nucleus
(48.9168
6.9910
0.009),
left
(47.6207
6.1374
0.006).
Furthermore,
positive
correlation
found
PSQI
score
(β
0.1135,
0.0323),
remaining
even
after
adjustment
for
covariates
0.1276,
0.0405).
Conclusion
exhibited
altered
multiple
brain
regions.
increased
could
be
understanding
undergoing
MMT.
Clinical
trial
registration
https://www.chictr.org.cn/
,
identifier:
ChiCTR2100051931.