GABA tone regulation and its cognitive functions in the brain

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(9), P. 523 - 539

Published: July 26, 2023

Language: Английский

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The plasticitome of cortical interneurons

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 80 - 97

Published: Dec. 30, 2022

Language: Английский

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Prenatal influences on postnatal neuroplasticity: Integrating DOHaD and sensitive/critical period frameworks to understand biological embedding in early development

Infancy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 6, 2024

Abstract Early environments can have significant and lasting effects on brain, body, behavior across the lifecourse. Here, we address current research efforts to understand how experiences impact neurodevelopment with a new perspective integrating two well‐known conceptual frameworks – Developmental Origins of Health Disease (DOHaD) sensitive/critical period frameworks. Specifically, consider prenatal characterized in DOHaD model key neurobiological mechanisms periods for adapting learning from postnatal environment. We draw both animal human summarize state knowledge particular substance exposures (psychoactive substances heavy metals) nutritional profiles (protein‐energy malnutrition iron deficiency) each differentially brain circuits' excitation/GABAergic inhibition balance myelination. Finally, highlight directions that emerge this integrated framework, including testing alter timing identifying potential promotional/buffering periods. hope integrative framework considering influences neuroplasticity will stimulate early consequences our brains, behavior, health.

Language: Английский

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The Impact of Fermented Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid on Poultry Growth Performance Through Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Activation

Fermentation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 84 - 84

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is becoming more well-acknowledged for its ability to improve the development performance of poultry, particularly by interacting with Insulin-like growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) pathway. This review emphasizes importance GABA in optimizing poultry production thoroughly examining biochemical characteristics, physiological roles, and molecular mechanisms action. a crucial inhibitory neurotransmitter that not only regulates neuronal excitability but also optimizes metabolic processes critical growth. Supplementing feeds has been shown enhance feed conversion efficiency, increase body weight, bolster immune function. The interplay between IGF-1 crucial, as modulates levels receptor sensitivity, promoting muscle overall health. fermentation producing bioavailable GABA, presenting promising implications sustainable farming practices. Further investigation into supplementation strategies could lead improved healthier systems.

Language: Английский

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Specification of human brain regions with orthogonal gradients of WNT and SHH in organoids reveals patterning variations across cell lines

Cell stem cell, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Chloride ion dysregulation in epileptogenic neuronal networks

Neurobiology of Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 177, P. 106000 - 106000

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in mature CNS. When GABAA receptors are activated membrane potential driven towards hyperpolarization due to chloride entry into neuron. However, ion dysregulation that alters ionic gradient can result depolarizing GABAergic post-synaptic potentials instead. In this review, we highlight inhibition prevents and restrains focal seizures but then reexamine notion context of evidence a static and/or dynamic dysregulation, increases intracellular concentrations, promotes epileptiform activity seizures. To reconcile these findings, hypothesize epileptogenic pathologically interconnected neuron (PIN) microcircuits, representing small minority neurons, exhibit should (IPSPs). We speculate PIN cluster activation may generate fast ripples spikes as well initiate hypersynchronous seizure onset pattern microseizures. Also, discuss genetic, molecular, cellular players important which regulate epileptogenesis low-voltage pattern. conclude neuronal networks appears be critical for genesis, feed-back feed-forward neurotransmission plays an role preventing restraining well.

Language: Английский

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Keeping Excitation–Inhibition Ratio in Balance

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(10), P. 5746 - 5746

Published: May 20, 2022

Unrelated genetic mutations can lead to convergent manifestations of neurological disorders with similar behavioral phenotypes. Experimental data frequently show a lack dramatic changes in neuroanatomy, indicating that the key cause symptoms might arise from impairment communication between neurons. A transient imbalance excitatory (glutamatergic) and inhibitory (GABAergic) synaptic transmission (the E/I balance) during early development is generally considered underlie several adults. However, ratio multidimensional variable. Synaptic contacts are highly dynamic actual strength projections determined balance synaptogenesis elimination. During development, relatively slow postsynaptic receptors replaced by fast ones allow for stimulus-locked excitation/inhibition. Using binomial model allows reassessing experimental different mouse models, showing shift counterbalanced additional pre- and/or changes. Such changes—for instance, slowing down currents means immature receptors—stabilize average strength, but impair timing information flow. Compensatory processes astrocytic signaling may represent possible targets medical treatments directed rescue proper processing.

Language: Английский

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Kalium channelrhodopsins effectively inhibit neurons

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 24, 2024

The analysis of neural circuits has been revolutionized by optogenetic methods. Light-gated chloride-conducting anion channelrhodopsins (ACRs)-recently emerged as powerful neuron inhibitors. For cells or sub-neuronal compartments with high intracellular chloride concentrations, however, a conductance can have instead an activating effect. recently discovered light-gated, potassium-conducting, kalium (KCRs) might serve alternative in these situations, potentially broad application. As yet, KCRs not shown to confer potent inhibitory effects small genetically tractable animals. Here, we evaluated the utility suppress behavior and inhibit activity Drosophila, Caenorhabditis elegans, zebrafish. In direct comparisons ACR1, KCR1 variant enhanced plasma-membrane trafficking displayed comparable potency, but improved properties that include reduced toxicity superior efficacy putative high-chloride cells. This comparative behavioral inhibition between chloride- potassium-selective silencing tools establishes next-generation inhibitors for vivo circuit behaving

Language: Английский

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The emergence of antidepressant drugs targeting GABAA receptors: A concise review

Biochemical Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 228, P. 116481 - 116481

Published: Aug. 13, 2024

Depression is among the most common psychiatric illnesses, which imposes a major socioeconomic burden on patients, caregivers, and public health system. Treatment with classical antidepressants (e.g. tricyclic selective serotonine reuptake inhibitors), primarily affect monoaminergic systems has several limitations, such as delayed onset of action moderate efficacy in relatively large proportion depressed patients. Furthermore, depression highly heterogeneus, its different subtypes, including post-partum depression, involve distinct neurobiology, warranting differential approach to pharmacotherapy. Given these shortcomings, need for novel that are superior faster fully justified. The development market introduction rapid-acting accelerated recent years. Some new act through GABAergic In this review, we discuss discovery, efficacy, limitations treatment classic antidepressants. We provide detailed discussion neurotransmission, special focus GABA

Language: Английский

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Specification of human regional brain lineages using orthogonal gradients of WNT and SHH in organoids

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 19, 2024

Summary The repertory of neurons generated by progenitor cells depends on their location along antero-posterior and dorso-ventral axes the neural tube. To understand if recreating those was sufficient to specify human brain neuronal diversity, we designed a mesofluidic device termed Duo-MAPS expose induced pluripotent stem (iPSC) concomitant orthogonal gradients posteriorizing ventralizing morphogen, activating WNT SHH signaling, respectively. Comparison single cell transcriptomes with fetal revealed that Duo-MAPS-patterned organoids major lineages forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain. Morphogens crosstalk translated into early patterns gene expression programs predicting generation specific lineages. Human iPSC lines from six different genetic backgrounds showed substantial differences in response morphogens, suggesting interindividual genomic epigenomic variations could impact formation. Morphogen promise be key approach model its entirety.

Language: Английский

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