Entropy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
25(1), P. 131 - 131
Published: Jan. 9, 2023
Biological
genotypes
do
not
code
directly
for
phenotypes;
developmental
physiology
is
the
control
layer
that
separates
genomes
from
capacities
ascertained
by
selection.
A
key
aspect
cellular
competency,
since
cells
are
passive
materials
but
descendants
of
unicellular
organisms
with
complex
context-sensitive
behavioral
capabilities.
To
probe
effects
different
degrees
competency
on
evolutionary
dynamics,
we
used
an
simulation
in
context
minimal
artificial
embryogeny.
Virtual
embryos
consisted
a
single
axis
positional
information
values
provided
cells’
‘structural
genes’,
operated
upon
cycle
which
embryos’
fitness
was
proportional
to
monotonicity
axial
gradient.
Evolutionary
dynamics
were
evaluated
two
modes:
hardwired
development
(genotype
encodes
phenotype),
and
more
realistic
mode
interact
prior
evaluation
function
(“regulative”
development).
We
find
even
ability
improve
their
position
embryo
results
better
performance
search.
Crucially,
observed
increasing
masks
raw
encoded
structural
genes,
selection
favoring
improvements
its
problem-solving
over
genome.
This
suggests
existence
powerful
ratchet
mechanism:
evolution
progressively
becomes
locked
intelligence
agential
substrate,
reduced
pressure
kind
feedback
loop
increasingly
puts
effort
into
software
than
perfecting
hardware
explains
very
puzzling
divergence
genome
anatomy
species
like
planaria.
In
addition,
it
identifies
possible
driver
scaling
time,
strategies
engineering
novel
systems
silico
bioengineering.
Biomimetics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(1), P. 110 - 110
Published: March 8, 2023
The
applicability
of
computational
models
to
the
biological
world
is
an
active
topic
debate.
We
argue
that
a
useful
path
forward
results
from
abandoning
hard
boundaries
between
categories
and
adopting
observer-dependent,
pragmatic
view.
Such
view
dissolves
contingent
dichotomies
driven
by
human
cognitive
biases
(e.g.,
tendency
oversimplify)
prior
technological
limitations
in
favor
more
continuous
view,
necessitated
study
evolution,
developmental
biology,
intelligent
machines.
Form
function
are
tightly
entwined
nature,
some
cases,
robotics
as
well.
Thus,
efforts
re-shape
living
systems
for
biomedical
or
bioengineering
purposes
require
prediction
control
their
at
multiple
scales.
This
challenging
many
reasons,
one
which
perform
functions
same
place
time.
refer
this
“polycomputing”—the
ability
substrate
simultaneously
compute
different
things,
make
those
available
observers.
important
way
things
kind
computer,
but
not
familiar,
linear,
deterministic
kind;
rather,
computers
broad
sense
materials,
reported
rapidly
growing
physical
computing
literature.
observer-centered
framework
computations
performed
evolved
designed
will
improve
understanding
mesoscale
events,
it
has
already
done
quantum
relativistic
To
develop
our
how
life
performs
polycomputing,
can
be
convinced
alter
functions,
we
first
create
technologies
polycompute
learn
functions.
Here,
review
examples
idea
overloading
on
hardware
design
principle
helps
understand
build
both
systems.
Learning
hack
existing
polycomputing
substrates,
well
evolve
new
ones,
have
massive
impacts
regenerative
medicine,
robotics,
computer
engineering.
Trends in Molecular Medicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
29(9), P. 687 - 710
Published: July 20, 2023
The
remarkable
anatomical
homeostasis
exhibited
by
complex
living
organisms
suggests
that
they
are
inherently
reprogrammable
information-processing
systems
offer
numerous
interfaces
to
their
physiological
and
problem-solving
capacities.
We
briefly
review
data
suggesting
the
multiscale
competency
of
forms
affords
a
new
path
for
biomedicine
exploits
innate
collective
intelligence
tissues
organs.
concept
tissue-level
allostatic
goal-directedness
is
already
bearing
fruit
in
clinical
practice.
sketch
roadmap
towards
'somatic
psychiatry'
using
advances
bioelectricity
behavioral
neuroscience
design
methods
induce
self-repair
structure
function.
Relaxing
assumption
cellular
control
mechanisms
static,
exploiting
powerful
concepts
from
cybernetics,
science,
developmental
biology
may
spark
definitive
solutions
current
biomedical
challenges.
Collective Intelligence,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
2(2), P. 263391372311683 - 263391372311683
Published: April 1, 2023
Collective
intelligence
and
individual
are
usually
considered
to
be
fundamentally
different.
Individual
is
uncontroversial.
It
occurs
in
organisms
with
special
neural
machinery,
evolved
by
natural
selection
enable
cognitive
learning
functions
that
serve
the
fitness
benefit
of
organism,
then
trained
through
lifetime
experience
maximise
rewards.
Whilst
mechanisms
not
fully
understood,
good
models
exist
for
many
aspects
cognition
learning.
intelligence,
contrast,
a
much
more
ambiguous
idea.
What
exactly
constitutes
collective
often
vague,
might
it
frequently
domain-specific.
These
cannot
selected
specifically
purpose
because
collectives
(except
circumstances)
evolutionary
units,
clear
can
learn
way
intelligences
do
since
they
singular
locus
rewards
benefits.
Here,
we
use
examples
from
evolution
developmental
morphogenesis
argue
these
apparent
distinctions
as
categorical
appear.
Breaking
down
such
enables
us
borrow
expand
existing
framework
particular
connectionist
familiar
context
networks.
We
discuss
how
specific
features
inform
necessary
sufficient
conditions
identify
current
knowledge
gaps
opportunities
future
research.
Patterns,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
4(5), P. 100737 - 100737
Published: April 26, 2023
Many
aspects
of
health
and
disease
are
modeled
using
the
abstraction
a
"pathway"—a
set
protein
or
other
subcellular
activities
with
specified
functional
linkages
between
them.
This
metaphor
is
paradigmatic
case
deterministic,
mechanistic
framework
that
focuses
biomedical
intervention
strategies
on
altering
members
this
network
up-/down-regulation
links
them—rewiring
molecular
hardware.
However,
pathways
transcriptional
networks
exhibit
interesting
unexpected
capabilities
such
as
trainability
(memory)
information
processing
in
context-sensitive
manner.
Specifically,
they
may
be
amenable
to
manipulation
via
their
history
stimuli
(equivalent
experiences
behavioral
science).
If
true,
would
enable
new
class
interventions
target
dynamic
physiological
"software"
implemented
by
gene-regulatory
networks.
Here,
we
briefly
review
clinical
laboratory
data
show
how
high-level
cognitive
inputs
pathway
modulation
interact
determine
outcomes
vivo.
Further,
propose
an
expanded
view
from
perspective
basal
cognition
argue
broader
understanding
process
contextual
across
scales
will
catalyze
progress
many
areas
physiology
neurobiology.
We
fuller
functionality
tractability
must
go
beyond
focus
details
drug
structure
encompass
well
embedding
within
higher
levels
organization
organism,
numerous
implications
for
science
addressing
disease.
Exploiting
tools
concepts
sciences
explore
proto-cognitive
underlying
more
than
philosophical
stance
biochemical
processes;
at
stake
roadmap
overcoming
limitations
today's
pharmacological
inferring
future
therapeutic
wide
range
states.
Soft Robotics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
10(4), P. 674 - 686
Published: April 21, 2023
Advances
in
science
and
engineering
often
reveal
the
limitations
of
classical
approaches
initially
used
to
understand,
predict,
control
phenomena.
With
progress,
conceptual
categories
must
be
re-evaluated
better
track
recently
discovered
invariants
across
disciplines.
It
is
essential
refine
frameworks
resolve
conflicting
boundaries
between
disciplines
such
that
they
facilitate,
not
restrict,
experimental
capabilities.
In
this
essay,
we
address
specific
questions
critiques
which
have
arisen
response
our
research
program,
lies
at
intersection
developmental
biology,
computer
science,
robotics.
context
biological
machines
robots,
explore
changes
concepts
previously
distinct
fields
are
driven
by
recent
advances
materials,
information,
life
sciences.
Herein,
each
author
provides
their
own
perspective
on
subject,
framed
disciplinary
training.
We
argue
as
with
computation,
certain
aspects
biology
robotics
tied
materials;
rather,
consilience
these
can
help
shed
light
issues
multiscale
control,
self-assembly,
relationships
form
function.
hope
new
emerge
arising
from
technological
overcome,
furthering
practical
applications
regenerative
medicine
useful
synthetic
living
machines.
Entropy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
26(3), P. 194 - 194
Published: Feb. 24, 2024
The
ideas
of
self-observation
and
self-representation,
the
concomitant
idea
self-control,
pervade
both
cognitive
life
sciences,
arising
in
domains
as
diverse
immunology
robotics.
Here,
we
ask
a
very
general
way
whether,
to
what
extent,
these
make
sense.
Using
generic
model
physical
interactions,
prove
theorem
several
corollaries
that
severely
restrict
applicable
notions
self-observation,
self-control.
We
show,
particular,
adding
observational,
representational,
or
control
capabilities
meta-level
component
system
cannot,
even
principle,
lead
complete
representation
whole.
conclude
self-representation
can
at
best
be
heuristic,
self
models
general,
empirically
tested
by
systems
implement
them.
Entropy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
26(6), P. 481 - 481
Published: May 31, 2024
Many
studies
on
memory
emphasize
the
material
substrate
and
mechanisms
by
which
data
can
be
stored
reliably
read
out.
Here,
I
focus
complementary
aspects:
need
for
agents
to
dynamically
reinterpret
modify
memories
suit
their
ever-changing
selves
environment.
Using
examples
from
developmental
biology,
evolution,
synthetic
bioengineering,
in
addition
neuroscience,
propose
that
a
perspective
as
preserving
salience,
not
fidelity,
is
applicable
many
phenomena
scales
cells
societies.
Continuous
commitment
creative,
adaptive
confabulation,
molecular
behavioral
levels,
answer
persistence
paradox
it
applies
individuals
whole
lineages.
also
speculate
substrate-independent,
processual
view
of
life
mind
suggests
memories,
patterns
excitable
medium
cognitive
systems,
could
seen
active
sense-making
process.
explore
diverse
set
embodied
perspectives—nested
who
interpret
each
other’s
own
past
messages
actions
best
they
(polycomputation).
This
synthesis
unifying
symmetries
across
disciplines,
relevance
research
programs
Diverse
Intelligence
engineering
novel
minds.
Synthese,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
205(2)
Published: Jan. 16, 2025
Abstract
The
life
sciences
have
evoked
long-standing
philosophical
debates
on
a
system
view
of
versus
reductionist
that
reduces
the
complexity
life-forms
to
parts-based
entities
can
be
described
purely
mechanistically.
This
paper
examines
how
current
scientific
advances
in
contribute
an
anti-reductionist
concept
life.
It
does
so
by
looking
at
synthetic
biology,
discipline
within
has
ambiguous
relationship
this
debate.
While
field’s
engineering
approach
could
considered
manifestation
life,
it
also
builds
more
holistic,
systems
analyses
recent
practices
taking
place
biology
seem
challenge
After
analyzing
main
accounts
I
ask
support
these
considering
living
as
processual,
collaborative,
and
cognitive,
nonlife
gradual
scale.
empirically
informed
contributes
literature
drawing
observations
about
connecting
following:
sciences,
different
metaphysical
stances
philosophy
emerging
biology.
concludes
views
