The Neuropsychology of Anxiety

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 7, 2024

Abstract The Neuropsychology of Anxiety first appeared in 1982 as the volume Oxford Psychology Series, and it quickly established itself classic work on subject. It second edition (appearing 2000) have been cited at a steadily increasing rate passing 500/year 2017. field has continued to expand last quarter century necessitating this third edition. This completely updated revised (with many figures converted colour) retains original core concepts while expanding often simplifying details. includes new chapter prefrontal cortex, which integrates frontal hippocampal views anxiety an extensively modified personality providing basis for further developments Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory. book is essential postgraduate students researchers experimental psychology neuroscience, well all clinical psychologists psychiatrists.

Language: Английский

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The contribution of periaqueductal gray in the regulation of physiological and pathological behaviors

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: April 8, 2024

Periaqueductal gray (PAG), an integration center for neuronal signals, is located in the midbrain and regulates multiple physiological pathological behaviors, including pain, defensive aggressive anxiety depression, cardiovascular response, respiration, sleep-wake behaviors. Due to different neuroanatomical connections functional characteristics of four columns PAG, subregions PAG synergistically regulate various instinctual In current review, we summarized role possible neurobiological mechanism regulation anxiety, depression from perspective up-down circuits PAG. Furthermore, proposed potential clinical applications Knowledge these aspects will give us a better understanding key behaviors provide directions future treatments.

Language: Английский

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Re-examining the Mysterious Role of the Cerebellum in Pain

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(17), P. e1538232024 - e1538232024

Published: April 24, 2024

Pain is considered a multidimensional experience that embodies not merely sensation, but also emotion and perception. As appropriate for this complexity, pain represented processed by an extensive matrix of cortical subcortical structures. Of these structures, the cerebellum gaining increasing attention. Although association between both acute chronic have been extensively detailed in electrophysiological neuroimaging studies, deep understanding what functions are mediated associations lacking. Nevertheless, available evidence implies lobules IV–VI Crus I especially pertinent to processing, anatomical studies reveal regions connect with higher-order structures sensorimotor, emotional, cognitive function. Therefore, we speculate exerts modulatory role via its communication sites executive, reward, limbic On basis, review, propose numerous ways which might contribute pain, drawing particular attention emotional elements pain. In addition, emphasise importance advancing our knowledge about relationship discussing novel therapeutic opportunities capitalize on association.

Language: Английский

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Doubling down on dual systems: A cerebellum–amygdala route towards action- and outcome-based social and affective behavior

Cortex, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 173, P. 175 - 186

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

The amygdala and cerebellum are both evolutionary preserved brain structures containing cortical as well subcortical properties. For decades, the has been considered fear-center of brain, but recent advances have shown that acts a critical hub between systems shapes social affective behaviors beyond fear. Likewise, is dedicated control unit fine-tunes motor behavior to fit contextual requirements. There however increasing evidence strongly influences processes domain. These insights broadened view on cerebellum's functions also include behavior. Here we explore how might interact in shaping based their roles threat reactivity reinforcement learning. A novel mechanistic neural framework cerebellum-amygdala interactions will be presented which provides for testable hypotheses future neuroscientific research humans.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the prospects, advancements, and challenges of in vitro modeling of the heart-brain axis

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: May 3, 2024

Research on bidirectional communication between the heart and brain has often relied studies involving nonhuman animals. Dependance animal models offer limited applicability to humans a lack of high-throughput screening. Recently, field 3D cell biology, specifically organoid technology, rapidly emerged as valuable tool for studying interactions across organ systems, i.e., gut-brain axis. The initial success indicates usefulness cultures elucidating intricate interactivity autonomic nervous system overall health. This perspective aims explore potential advancing in vitro modeling heart-brain axis by discussing benefits, applications, adaptability technologies. We closely examine current state organoids conjunction with advancements cardiac organoids. Moreover, we use combined systems investigate pathophysiology provide platform treatment discovery. Finally, address challenges that accompany an emphasis generating tailored engineering strategies further refinement dynamic .

Language: Английский

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Anxiety and personality

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 371 - 430

Published: May 7, 2024

Abstract ‘Anxiety and personality’ links the anxiolytic-derived state neuropsychology of previous chapters to personality traits. Traits are seen as sensitivities structures, goal control systems, more global modulators systems. It lays ground work for seeing psychiatric disorders resulting from one or extreme sensitivities. While main focus is anxiety, it also discusses implications Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST) with additional comment on Big 5. reviews issues arising word meanings, evolution, need biomarkers, hierarchical organization, continuity versus discontinuity provides recommendation application work, throughout. distinguishes neuroticism trait a new dopaminergic neurology reinforcement sensitivity, strongly reinforcers, first anxiety disorder biomarker, identifies problems existing RST scales, future neural solutions.

Language: Английский

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Cerebellar Contributions to Traumatic Autobiographical Memory in People with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

The Cerebellum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(6), P. 2332 - 2340

Published: Aug. 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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The cerebellar nuclei take center stage

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 57, P. 101362 - 101362

Published: March 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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Fundamentals of the septo-hippocampal system

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 241 - 284

Published: May 7, 2024

Abstract ‘Fundamentals of the septo-hippocampal system’ derives a range data principles from an overview sept-hippocampal data. It reviews anxiolytic action on system and behaviour; control rhythmical slow activity (RSA)/‘theta’ activity; relationship to sensory processing, working/active memory, conditioning, emotion. then discusses how approach understanding system, its anatomy, role in long-term memory via mismatch detection. emphasizes important affectively linked neuromodulatory systems hippocampal function; hippocampus at least 70 chemical factors, including corticosterone/cortisol. Its series are solidly based available so all theories should be judged against them. While place severe limits assumptions machinery theory, they not sufficient provide theory themselves.

Language: Английский

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What do hippocampal cell fields represent?

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 167 - 188

Published: May 7, 2024

Abstract ‘What do hippocampal cell fields represent?’ argues against the conventional idea of ‘place’ fields. Clear eyeblink, time, displace, and other ‘fields’ argue place per se; as failures most obvious to map space either externally or in brain; with ‘remapping’ being inconsistent any truly spatial metric. As visual firing is not a good guide information coded. Hippocampal easily understood receipt efference copies from distributed assemblies that code available goals; dorsal ventral cells largely echoing cortical trends ‘where’ ‘what’ goal, respectively. Head direction cells, path integration, topographic mapping hippocampus are also discussed.

Language: Английский

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