The Role of LMP1 in Epstein-Barr Virus-associated Gastric Cancer DOI
Xinqi Huang,

Meilan Zhang,

Zhiwei Zhang

et al.

Current Cancer Drug Targets, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 127 - 141

Published: May 15, 2023

Abstract: EBV promotes many cancers such as lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and gastric; Latent Membrane Protein 1 (LMP1) is considered to be a major oncogenic protein encoded by Epstein– Barr virus (EBV). LMP1 functions carcinogen in lymphoma may also promote gastric cancer. The expression level of host cells key determinant tumorigenesis maintenance specificity. By promoting cell immortalization transformation, proliferation, affecting immunity, regulating apoptosis, plays crucial tumorigenic role epithelial cancers. However, very little currently known about Epstein-Barr virus-associated cancer (EBVaGC); the main reason that EBVaGC comparatively lower than other EBV-encoded proteins, 2A (LMP2A), nuclear antigen (EBNA1) BamHI-A rightward frame (BARF1), date, there are few studies related EBVaGC. Recent have demonstrated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase- Akt (PI3K-Akt), Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), signaling pathways regulate downstream targets Forkhead box class O (FOXO), C-X-C-motif chemokine receptor (CXCR), COX-2 (Cyclooxygenase-2); moreover, gene methylation induced has become one characteristics distinguish this (GC) from types formation tumor microenvironment (TME) several ways. This review synthesizes previous relevant literature, aiming highlight latest findings on mechanism action EBVaGC, summarize function lay theoretical foundation for subsequent new research contribute development novel LMP1-targeted drugs.

Language: Английский

Functional Roles of JNK and p38 MAPK Signaling in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma DOI Open Access

Lesley Jia Wei Pua,

Chun‐Wai Mai, Felicia Fei‐Lei Chung

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(3), P. 1108 - 1108

Published: Jan. 20, 2022

c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAPK) family members integrate signals that affect proliferation, differentiation, survival, migration in a cell context- type-specific way. JNK MAPK activities are found upregulated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Studies have shown activation of signaling can promote NPC oncogenesis by mechanisms within the cancer cells interactions with tumor microenvironment. They regulate multiple transcription contribute to tumor-promoting processes, ranging from proliferation apoptosis, inflammation, metastasis, angiogenesis. Current literature suggests may exert pro-tumorigenic functions NPC, though underlying not well documented yet be fully explored. Here, we aim provide narrative review pathways human cancers primary focus on NPC. We also discuss potential therapeutic agents could used target along perspectives for future works. inspire studies further delineating which might offer important insights better strategies diagnosis, prognosis, treatment decision-making patients.

Language: Английский

Citations

112
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: current views on the tumor microenvironment's impact on drug resistance and clinical outcomes DOI Creative Commons
Huai Liu, Ling Tang, Yanxian Li

et al.

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Jan. 22, 2024

Abstract The incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) exhibits significant variations across different ethnic groups and geographical regions, with Southeast Asia North Africa being endemic areas. Of note, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is closely associated almost all the undifferentiated NPC cases. Over past three decades, radiation therapy chemotherapy have formed cornerstone treatment. However, recent advancements in immunotherapy introduced a range promising approaches for managing NPC. In light these developments, it has become evident that deeper understanding tumor microenvironment (TME) crucial. TME serves dual function, acting as promoter tumorigenesis while also orchestrating immunosuppression, thereby facilitating cancer progression enabling immune evasion. Consequently, comprehensive comprehension its intricate involvement initiation, progression, metastasis imperative development effective anticancer drugs. Moreover, given complexity inter-patient heterogeneity, personalized treatment should be designed to maximize therapeutic efficacy circumvent drug resistance. This review aims provide an in-depth exploration within context EBV-induced NPC, particular emphasis on pivotal role regulating intercellular communication shaping responses. Additionally, offers concise summary resistance mechanisms potential strategies their reversal, specifically relation chemoradiation therapy, targeted immunotherapy. Furthermore, advances clinical trials pertaining are discussed.

Language: Английский

Citations

33
Current status and advances of immunotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma DOI Creative Commons

Jianying Xu,

Xiaoli Wei, Yiqin Wang

et al.

Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

The general immune landscape of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) renders immunotherapy suitable for patients with NPC. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) based on programmed death-1/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) blockade have made a breakthrough the approval PD-1 inhibitor refractory recurrence and/or metastatic (R/M NPC) and in combination gemcitabine cisplatin as first line R/M NPC 2021 China. incorporation ICIs into treatment paradigms has become clinical hot spot many prospective studies are ongoing. In this review, we provide comprehensive overview rationale current status, advances challenges published data, ongoing trials. We focus application monotherapy its chemotherapy summarize explorations other approaches, example, PD-1/PD-L1 antiangiogenic molecular targeted agents, cancer vaccines, adaptive immunotherapy, new ICI agents beyond also describe studies' status ICIs-based immunomodulatory strategies local advanced pay attention to biomarker personalized hope insights practice future studies.

Language: Английский

Citations

52
EBV-associated diseases: Current therapeutics and emerging technologies DOI Creative Commons
Srishti Chakravorty, Behdad Afzali, Majid Kazemian

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Oct. 27, 2022

EBV is a prevalent virus, infecting >90% of the world’s population. This an oncogenic virus that causes ~200,000 cancer-related deaths annually. It is, in addition, significant contributor to burden autoimmune diseases. Thus, represents public health burden. Upon infection, remains dormant host cells for long periods time. However, presence or episodic reactivation increases risk transforming healthy malignant routinely escape immune surveillance producing pathogenic autoantibodies. Cancers caused by display distinct molecular behaviors compared those same tissue type are not EBV, presenting opportunities targeted treatments. Despite some encouraging results from exploration vaccines, antiviral agents and immune- cell-based treatments, efficacy safety most therapeutics remain unclear. Here, we provide up-to-date review focusing on underlying environmental mechanisms, current animal models emerging technologies study EBV-associated diseases may help insights development novel effective

Language: Английский

Citations

51
Molecular Diagnosis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Past and Future DOI Creative Commons

Cheng–Lung Hsu,

Yu‐Sun Chang, Hsin‐Pai Li

et al.

Biomedical Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100748 - 100748

Published: May 1, 2024

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor originated from the nasopharynx epithelial cells and has been linked with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, dietary habits, environmental genetic factors. It common malignancy in Southeast Asia, especially gender preference among men. Due to its non-specific symptoms, NPC often diagnosed at late stage. Thus, molecular diagnosis of plays crucial role early detection, treatment selection, disease monitoring, prognosis prediction. This review aims provide summary current state latest emerging diagnostic techniques for NPC, including EBV-related biomarkers, gene mutations, liquid biopsy, DNA methylation. Challenges potential future directions will be discussed.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Pembrolizumab with or without bevacizumab in platinum-resistant recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial DOI

Wan-Qin Chong,

Jia-Li Low,

Joshua K. Tay

et al.

The Lancet Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Epstein-Barr virus-infected nasopharyngeal carcinoma therapeutics: oncoprotein targets and clinical implications DOI
Jacqueline Kar Kei Mark, Aik-Hong Teh, Beow Keat Yap

et al.

Medical Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 42(3)

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
New Look of EBV LMP1 Signaling Landscape DOI Open Access
Ling Wang, Shunbin Ning

Cancers, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(21), P. 5451 - 5451

Published: Oct. 29, 2021

The Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) principal oncoprotein Latent Membrane Protein 1 (LMP1) is a member of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor (TNFR) superfamily with constitutive activity. LMP1 shares many features Pathogen Recognition Receptors (PRRs), including use TRAFs, adaptors, and kinase cascades, for signal transduction leading to activation NFκB, AP1, Akt, as well subset IRFs likely master antioxidative transcription factor NRF2, which we have gradually added list. In recent years, discovered Linear UBiquitin Assembly Complex (LUBAC), adaptor protein LIMD1, ubiquitin sensor signaling hub p62, novel components signalosome. Functionally, pleiotropic that reprograms, balances, perturbs large spectrum cellular mechanisms, machinery, metabolism, epigenetics, DNA damage response, extracellular vehicles, immune defenses, telomere elongation, promote oncogenic transformation, cell proliferation survival, anchorage-independent growth, angiogenesis, metastasis invasion, development tumor microenvironment. We recently shown induces p62-mediated selective autophagy in EBV latency, at least by contributing induction p62 expression, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production. also been collecting evidence supporting hypothesis activates Keap1-NRF2 pathway, serves key defense mechanism. Last but not least, our preliminary data shows associated deregulation cGAS-STING sensing pathway latency. A comprehensive understanding landscape essential identifying potential targets strategies towards targeted therapeutic applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

49
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Its Microenvironment: Past, Current, and Future Perspectives DOI Creative Commons
Zhi Yi Su, Pui Yan Siak, Chee‐Onn Leong

et al.

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 2, 2022

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial malignancy that raises public health concerns in endemic countries. Despite breakthroughs therapeutic strategies, late diagnosis and drug resistance often lead to unsatisfactory clinical outcomes NPC patients. The tumor microenvironment (TME) a complex niche consisting of tumor-associated cells, such as fibroblasts, endothelial leukocytes, influences initiation, progression, invasion, metastasis. Cells the TME communicate through various mechanisms, note, exosomes, ligand-receptor interactions, cytokines chemokines are active players construction TME, characterized by abundance immune infiltrates with suppressed activities. serves target-rich for discovery potential promising predictive or diagnostic biomarkers development strategies. Thus, huge efforts have been made exploit role microenvironment. whole picture remains be portrayed understand mechanisms underlying biology implement research into practice. current review discusses recent insights progression which results different Clinical interventions use components targets, their challenges, future perspectives will introduced. This anticipates provide researchers preclinical, translational on

Language: Английский

Citations

34
Treatment Options for Epstein-Barr Virus-Related Disorders of the Central Nervous System DOI Creative Commons
Oluf Andersen, Ingemar Ernberg, Anna Karin Hedström

et al.

Infection and Drug Resistance, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: Volume 16, P. 4599 - 4620

Published: July 1, 2023

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a causative agent for several types of lymphomas and mucosal cancers, is human lymphotropic herpesvirus with the capacity to establish lifelong latent infection. More than 90% population worldwide infected. The primary infection usually asymptomatic in childhood, whereas infectious mononucleosis (IM) common when occurs adolescence. Primary EBV infection, or without IM, reactivation immunocompromised individuals have been associated wide range neurologic conditions, such as encephalitis, meningitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, cerebellitis. also involved malignant brain. An increasing number reports on EBV-related disorders central nervous system (CNS) including convincing association multiple sclerosis (MS) put focus conditions beyond its established link malignancies. In this review, we present clinical manifestations CNS-disorders, them context known biology available treatment options future therapeutic approaches.

Language: Английский

Citations

17