Lipidic and Inorganic Nanoparticles for Targeted Glioblastoma Multiforme Therapy: Advances and Strategies
Micro,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
5(1), P. 2 - 2
Published: Jan. 3, 2025
Due
to
their
biocompatibility,
nontoxicity,
and
surface
conjugation
properties,
nanomaterials
are
effective
nanocarriers
capable
of
encapsulating
chemotherapeutic
drugs
facilitating
targeted
delivery
across
the
blood–brain
barrier
(BBB).
Although
research
on
nanoparticles
for
brain
cancer
treatment
is
still
in
its
early
stages,
these
systems
hold
great
potential
revolutionize
drug
delivery.
Glioblastoma
multiforme
(GBM)
one
most
common
lethal
tumors,
heterogeneous
aggressive
nature
complicates
current
treatments,
which
primarily
rely
surgery.
One
significant
obstacles
poor
penetration
BBB.
Moreover,
GBM
often
referred
as
a
“cold”
tumor,
characterized
by
an
immunosuppressive
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
minimal
immune
cell
infiltration,
limits
effectiveness
immunotherapies.
Therefore,
developing
novel,
more
treatments
critical
improving
survival
rate
patients.
Current
strategies
enhancing
outcomes
focus
controlled,
agents
cells
BBB
using
nanoparticles.
These
therapies
must
be
designed
engage
specialized
transport
systems,
allowing
efficient
penetration,
improved
therapeutic
efficacy,
reduced
systemic
toxicity
degradation.
Lipid
inorganic
can
enhance
while
minimizing
side
effects.
formulations
may
include
epitopes—small
antigen
fragments
that
bind
directly
free
antibodies,
B
receptors,
or
T
receptors—that
interact
with
enable
crossing,
thereby
boosting
efficacy.
Lipid-based
(LNPs),
such
liposomes,
niosomes,
solid
lipid
(SLNs),
nanostructured
carriers
(NLCs),
among
promising
due
unique
including
size,
modification
capabilities,
proven
biosafety.
Additionally,
gold
nanoparticles,
mesoporous
silica,
superparamagnetic
iron
oxide
dendrimers
offer
alternatives.
Inorganic
(INPs)
easily
engineered,
surfaces
modified
various
elements
biological
ligands
delivery,
biocompatibility.
Strategies
engineering
functionalization
have
been
employed
ensure
biocompatibility
reduce
cytotoxicity,
making
safer
clinical
applications.
The
use
INPs
has
shown
promise
efficacy
traditional
like
chemotherapy,
radiotherapy,
gene
therapy,
well
advancing
newer
strategies,
immunotherapy,
photothermal
photodynamic
therapies,
magnetic
hyperthermia.
This
article
reviews
latest
treating
GBM,
focusing
active
passive
targeting
approaches.
Language: Английский
Hastened Fusion-Dependent Endosomal Escape Improves Activity of Delivered Enzyme Cargo
ACS Central Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 17, 2025
There
is
enormous
interest
in
strategies
to
traffic
biologics
into
the
mammalian
cell
cytosol.
Not
only
must
these
materials
reach
appropriate
cellular
locale
intact
and
therapeutically
relevant
concentrations,
they
also
retain
activity
upon
arrival.
The
question
of
residual
especially
critical
when
delivery
involves
late
endocytic
pathway,
whose
acidic
environment
can
denature
and/or
degrade
internalized
material.
ZF5.3
a
compact
mini-protein
that
escapes
efficiently
from
vesicles,
with
or
without
covalently
linked
protein
cargo.
Here,
we
redesign
sequence
hasten
timing
endosomal
escape.
new
describe,
AV5.3,
earlier
than
along
pathway
no
loss
efficiency,
enzyme
More
importantly,
escape
translates
higher
enzymatic
pH-sensitive
arrival
Delivery
DHFR
AV5.3
results
substantial
catalytic
cytosol,
whereas
does
not.
delivered
AV5.3-DHFR
successfully
rescues
deletion
CHO
cells.
represents
an
improved
strategy
for
efficient
direct
active
therapeutic
proteins
enzymes.
Language: Английский
The therapeutic effect of mRNA vaccines in glioma: a comprehensive review
Expert Review of Clinical Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 18, 2025
Glioma
is
the
most
common
primary
brain
tumor,
with
glioblastoma
being
lethal
type
due
to
its
heterogeneous
and
invasive
nature
of
cancer.
Current
therapies
have
low
curative
success
are
limited
surgery,
radiotherapy,
chemotherapy.
More
than
50%
patients
become
resistant
chemotherapy,
tumor
recurrence
occurs
in
following
an
initial
course
therapy.
Therefore,
developing
novel,
effective
strategies
for
glioma
treatment
essential.
Cancer
vaccines
novel
that
demonstrate
advantages
over
conventional
methods
and,
therefore,
may
be
promising
options
treating
glioma.
This
article
provided
a
critical
review
pre-clinical
clinical
studies
explored
appropriate
antigen
candidates
mRNA
discussed
their
application
patients.
Medline
database,
PubMed,
ClinicalTrials.gov
were
searched
vaccine
published
before
2025
using
related
keywords.
because
they
efficient,
cost-beneficial,
lower
side
effects
other
types
such
as
peptide
or
DNA-based
vaccines.
Language: Английский
Neoantigen-based immunotherapy: advancing precision medicine in cancer and glioblastoma treatment through discovery and innovation
Exploration of Targeted Anti-tumor Therapy,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
6
Published: April 27, 2025
Neoantigen-based
immunotherapy
has
emerged
as
a
transformative
approach
in
cancer
treatment,
offering
precision
medicine
strategies
that
target
tumor-specific
antigens
derived
from
genetic,
transcriptomic,
and
proteomic
alterations
unique
to
cells.
These
neoantigens
serve
highly
specific
targets
for
personalized
therapies,
promising
more
effective
tailored
treatments.
The
aim
of
this
article
is
explore
the
advances
neoantigen-based
highlighting
successful
treatments
such
vaccines,
tumor-infiltrating
lymphocyte
(TIL)
therapy,
T-cell
receptor-engineered
T
cells
therapy
(TCR-T),
chimeric
antigen
receptor
(CAR-T),
particularly
types
like
glioblastoma
(GBM).
Advances
technologies
next-generation
sequencing,
RNA-based
platforms,
CRISPR
gene
editing
have
accelerated
identification
validation
neoantigens,
moving
them
closer
clinical
application.
Despite
results,
challenges
tumor
heterogeneity,
immune
evasion,
resistance
mechanisms
persist.
integration
AI-driven
tools
multi-omic
data
refined
neoantigen
discovery,
while
combination
therapies
are
being
developed
address
issues
suppression
scalability.
Additionally,
discusses
ongoing
development
immunotherapies
targeting
mutations,
emphasizing
need
continued
collaboration
between
computational
experimental
approaches.
Ultimately,
cutting-edge
research
holds
potential
revolutionize
care,
hope
targeted
Language: Английский