Neoantigen-based immunotherapy: advancing precision medicine in cancer and glioblastoma treatment through discovery and innovation DOI Creative Commons
Moawiah M. Naffaa, Ola A Al-Ewaidat, Sopiko Gogia

et al.

Exploration of Targeted Anti-tumor Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: April 27, 2025

Neoantigen-based immunotherapy has emerged as a transformative approach in cancer treatment, offering precision medicine strategies that target tumor-specific antigens derived from genetic, transcriptomic, and proteomic alterations unique to cells. These neoantigens serve highly specific targets for personalized therapies, promising more effective tailored treatments. The aim of this article is explore the advances neoantigen-based highlighting successful treatments such vaccines, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy, T-cell receptor-engineered T cells therapy (TCR-T), chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T), particularly types like glioblastoma (GBM). Advances technologies next-generation sequencing, RNA-based platforms, CRISPR gene editing have accelerated identification validation neoantigens, moving them closer clinical application. Despite results, challenges tumor heterogeneity, immune evasion, resistance mechanisms persist. integration AI-driven tools multi-omic data refined neoantigen discovery, while combination therapies are being developed address issues suppression scalability. Additionally, discusses ongoing development immunotherapies targeting mutations, emphasizing need continued collaboration between computational experimental approaches. Ultimately, cutting-edge research holds potential revolutionize care, hope targeted

Language: Английский

Lipidic and Inorganic Nanoparticles for Targeted Glioblastoma Multiforme Therapy: Advances and Strategies DOI Creative Commons
Ewelina Musielak, Violetta Krajka‐Kuźniak

Micro, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 2 - 2

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Due to their biocompatibility, nontoxicity, and surface conjugation properties, nanomaterials are effective nanocarriers capable of encapsulating chemotherapeutic drugs facilitating targeted delivery across the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Although research on nanoparticles for brain cancer treatment is still in its early stages, these systems hold great potential revolutionize drug delivery. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) one most common lethal tumors, heterogeneous aggressive nature complicates current treatments, which primarily rely surgery. One significant obstacles poor penetration BBB. Moreover, GBM often referred as a “cold” tumor, characterized by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) minimal immune cell infiltration, limits effectiveness immunotherapies. Therefore, developing novel, more treatments critical improving survival rate patients. Current strategies enhancing outcomes focus controlled, agents cells BBB using nanoparticles. These therapies must be designed engage specialized transport systems, allowing efficient penetration, improved therapeutic efficacy, reduced systemic toxicity degradation. Lipid inorganic can enhance while minimizing side effects. formulations may include epitopes—small antigen fragments that bind directly free antibodies, B receptors, or T receptors—that interact with enable crossing, thereby boosting efficacy. Lipid-based (LNPs), such liposomes, niosomes, solid lipid (SLNs), nanostructured carriers (NLCs), among promising due unique including size, modification capabilities, proven biosafety. Additionally, gold nanoparticles, mesoporous silica, superparamagnetic iron oxide dendrimers offer alternatives. Inorganic (INPs) easily engineered, surfaces modified various elements biological ligands delivery, biocompatibility. Strategies engineering functionalization have been employed ensure biocompatibility reduce cytotoxicity, making safer clinical applications. The use INPs has shown promise efficacy traditional like chemotherapy, radiotherapy, gene therapy, well advancing newer strategies, immunotherapy, photothermal photodynamic therapies, magnetic hyperthermia. This article reviews latest treating GBM, focusing active passive targeting approaches.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Hastened Fusion-Dependent Endosomal Escape Improves Activity of Delivered Enzyme Cargo DOI Creative Commons
Angel Luis Vázquez-Maldonado, Teresia Chen, Diego Rodriguez

et al.

ACS Central Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 17, 2025

There is enormous interest in strategies to traffic biologics into the mammalian cell cytosol. Not only must these materials reach appropriate cellular locale intact and therapeutically relevant concentrations, they also retain activity upon arrival. The question of residual especially critical when delivery involves late endocytic pathway, whose acidic environment can denature and/or degrade internalized material. ZF5.3 a compact mini-protein that escapes efficiently from vesicles, with or without covalently linked protein cargo. Here, we redesign sequence hasten timing endosomal escape. new describe, AV5.3, earlier than along pathway no loss efficiency, enzyme More importantly, escape translates higher enzymatic pH-sensitive arrival Delivery DHFR AV5.3 results substantial catalytic cytosol, whereas does not. delivered AV5.3-DHFR successfully rescues deletion CHO cells. represents an improved strategy for efficient direct active therapeutic proteins enzymes.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The therapeutic effect of mRNA vaccines in glioma: a comprehensive review DOI
Fatemeh Afrashteh, Simin Seyedpour, Nima Rezaei

et al.

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 18, 2025

Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor, with glioblastoma being lethal type due to its heterogeneous and invasive nature of cancer. Current therapies have low curative success are limited surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy. More than 50% patients become resistant chemotherapy, tumor recurrence occurs in following an initial course therapy. Therefore, developing novel, effective strategies for glioma treatment essential. Cancer vaccines novel that demonstrate advantages over conventional methods and, therefore, may be promising options treating glioma. This article provided a critical review pre-clinical clinical studies explored appropriate antigen candidates mRNA discussed their application patients. Medline database, PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov were searched vaccine published before 2025 using related keywords. because they efficient, cost-beneficial, lower side effects other types such as peptide or DNA-based vaccines.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Neoantigen-based immunotherapy: advancing precision medicine in cancer and glioblastoma treatment through discovery and innovation DOI Creative Commons
Moawiah M. Naffaa, Ola A Al-Ewaidat, Sopiko Gogia

et al.

Exploration of Targeted Anti-tumor Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: April 27, 2025

Neoantigen-based immunotherapy has emerged as a transformative approach in cancer treatment, offering precision medicine strategies that target tumor-specific antigens derived from genetic, transcriptomic, and proteomic alterations unique to cells. These neoantigens serve highly specific targets for personalized therapies, promising more effective tailored treatments. The aim of this article is explore the advances neoantigen-based highlighting successful treatments such vaccines, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy, T-cell receptor-engineered T cells therapy (TCR-T), chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T), particularly types like glioblastoma (GBM). Advances technologies next-generation sequencing, RNA-based platforms, CRISPR gene editing have accelerated identification validation neoantigens, moving them closer clinical application. Despite results, challenges tumor heterogeneity, immune evasion, resistance mechanisms persist. integration AI-driven tools multi-omic data refined neoantigen discovery, while combination therapies are being developed address issues suppression scalability. Additionally, discusses ongoing development immunotherapies targeting mutations, emphasizing need continued collaboration between computational experimental approaches. Ultimately, cutting-edge research holds potential revolutionize care, hope targeted

Language: Английский

Citations

0