Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor from molecular diagnostics to current treatment

Oncology Research Featuring Preclinical and Clinical Cancer Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 32(7), P. 1141 - 1162

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare neoplasm with intermediate malignancy characterized by propensity for recurrence but low metastatic rate.Diagnostic challenges arise from the diverse pathological presentation, variable symptomatology, and lack of different imaging features.However, IMT identified fusion anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene, which present in approximately 70% cases, various partners, including ran-binding protein 2 (RANBP2), allows confirmation diagnosis.While surgery preferred approach localized tumors, optimal long-term treatment advanced or disease difficult to define.Targeted therapies are crucial achieving sustained response within context genetic alteration IMT.Crizotinib, an ALK tyrosine inhibitor (TKI), was officially approved US Food Drug Administration (FDA) 2020 treat rearrangement.However, most patients face resistance progression, requiring consideration sequential treatments.Combining radiotherapy targeted therapy appears be beneficial this indication.Early promising results have also been achieved immunotherapy, indicating potential combined approaches.However, defined recommendations still lacking.This review analyzes available research on IMT, disorders their impact course disease, data latest regimens possibility developing immunotherapy indication, as well summarizing general knowledge about prognostic predictive factors, terms systemic therapy.

Language: Английский

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Chromatin as an old and new anticancer target

Trends in cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 696 - 707

Published: June 1, 2024

Recent genome-wide analyses identified chromatin modifiers as one of the most frequently mutated classes genes across all cancers. However, chemotherapies developed for cancers involving DNA damage remain standard care chromatin-deranged malignancies. In this review we address conundrum by establishing concept 'chromatin damage': non-genetic to protein-DNA interactions induced certain small molecules. We highlight anthracyclines, a class chemotherapeutic agents ubiquitously applied in oncology, an example overlooked chromatin-targeting agents. discuss our current understanding phenomenon and explore emerging chromatin-damaging basis further studies maximize their impact modern cancer treatment.

Language: Английский

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Low NT5DC2 expression predicts favorable prognosis and suppresses soft tissue sarcoma progression via ECM-receptor interaction pathway

Translational Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44, P. 101937 - 101937

Published: March 27, 2024

Soft tissue sarcoma, a malignant tumor arising from mesenchymal tissues with poor prognosis. 5'-Nucleotidase Domain Containing 2 (NT5DC2) is novel oncogene, and the precise involvement of NT5DC2 in soft sarcoma were still undefined. Hence, our study aims to investigate functions progression. The immune single-cell hub (TISCH2) website, Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) pan-cancer or Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO, GSE21122) databases applied visualize status databases. protein expression hospital was detected by using immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyzed associations between clinicopathological parameters. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), colony formation, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, wound healing, transwell, flow cytometry xenograft model used elucidate effects downregulated lentivirus cell. TISCH2 website detection found that enriched cells database. Furthermore, TCGA-sarcoma database indicated correlates metastasis, positive margin status, prognosis, diagnostic value. Additionally, IHC staining showed 40 % patients present high NT5DC2, upregulation closely associated Functional verification analysis further revealed downregulating can suppress progression through ECM-receptor interaction pathway. Low predicts favorable prognosis cell

Language: Английский

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Response to “Comparative analysis of preoperative chemotherapy versus postoperative chemotherapy in advanced soft tissue sarcoma”

Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Adjuvant chemotherapy in localized, resectable extremity and truncal soft tissue sarcoma and survival outcomes – A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 131(5)

Published: March 1, 2025

Abstract Introduction The role of adjuvant chemotherapy in localized, resectable soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) remains controversial. Despite positive findings reported previous meta‐analyses, the majority randomized controlled trials (RCTs) fail to show a meaningful benefit. We conducted an updated meta‐analysis reassess treating STSs. Methods A comprehensive literature review was identify RCTs that compared local therapy (surgery with or without radiotherapy) chemotherapy. Articles were independently reviewed, and risk bias assessed by two authors. outcomes overall survival (OS) disease‐free (DFS). performed using random effects model (to account for possible heterogeneity across studies) endpoints inverse‐variance method, which each study is weighted inverse variance its effect estimate. Results total 19 comprising 2128 patients included. Our found improved OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.80; p = .002) DFS (HR, 0.78; .002). Doxorubicin‐based monotherapy significantly .01) 0.74; .0003), whereas doxorubicin‐ifosfamide combined did not improve .078) 0.94; .770). ifosfamide had moderate studies. Conclusion This partially supports benefit treatment Nevertheless, because STSs, risks need be evaluated on individual benefit–risk basis.

Language: Английский

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Advances in pharmacological activity and drug delivery systems of vinca alkaloids

Natural Product Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 21

Published: April 25, 2025

Vinca alkaloids (VAs), derived from the Catharanthus roseus, are naturally occurring or semi-synthetic primarily used in treatment approach for diverse types of cancer. They have shown significant efficacy treating leukaemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma. Nevertheless, their clinical application is considerably limited owing to severe side effects, low bioavailability, and multidrug resistance (MDR). Over past few years, drug delivery systems such as nanoparticles, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) been improve pharmacokinetic properties tumour targeting VAs. The use multiple drugs combination can also reduce adverse reactions VAs significantly enhance efficacy, thereby broadening application. This review introduces main pharmacologically active components VAs, summarises chemotherapeutic provides a statistical overview analysis recent research progress technologies, offering reference further cancer treatment.

Language: Английский

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Efficacy of toripalimab in combination with anlotinib in recurrent undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of the sinonasal region: a case report with biomarker analysis

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 9, 2025

Background Soft tissue sarcoma (STS) typically originates in the muscles and is associated with a poor prognosis. Undifferentiated pleomorphic (UPS) most commonly diagnosed subtype of STS; however, UPS occurring sinonasal region exceedingly rare lacks effective treatment options. Objective This case report presents patient who experienced disease progression after surgery chemotherapy but showed positive response to combination therapy toripalimab anlotinib. Additionally, it explores underlying biomarkers this case. Case A 63-year-old woman no significant past medical history was UPS. The lesions recurred despite seven extensive surgical resections, standard failed control disease, leading progressive (PD). Results treated anlotinib, resulting partial (PR) just two cycles. Continued PR observed an additional six cycles, indicating potential for prolonged ongoing therapy. Genotyping immunohistochemistry revealed that cells were rapidly dividing enriched vasculature prior systemic treatment. Conclusion These findings suggest anlotinib may be option advanced cases region.

Language: Английский

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Blood‐based biomarkers in soft tissue sarcoma: Implications for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy

International Journal of Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 14, 2025

Abstract Soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is a rare and heterogeneous cancer, comprising approximately 1% of all adult cancers 7%–15% childhood cancers. In the advanced stages, chemotherapy remains standard‐of‐care, but efficacy limited, with response rate 15%–30%, responses are often short‐lived, median progression‐free survival typically 6 months. Moreover, patients or metastatic STS have overall only 18–24 Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) revolutionized treatment various including melanoma non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Emerging evidence from recent clinical trials indicates that certain subtypes may be amenable to immunotherapy. A critical challenge, however, identifying biomarkers can accurately predict enable monitoring ICI responses, better patient selection improve outcomes. This narrative review highlights current research gap in therapy, particularly absence reliable blood‐based response. this review, we examine investigating therapy summarise circulating immune‐related prognostic STS, haematological indices, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, proteins DNA, evaluate their potential as predictive for therapy. We propose these immune‐associated molecules serve differentiate monitor response, thus presenting opportunities personalised STS.

Language: Английский

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Phase Ib Study for the Combination of Doxorubicin, Dacarbazine, and Nivolumab as the Upfront Treatment in Patients With Advanced Leiomyosarcoma: A Study by the Spanish Sarcoma Group (GEIS)

Journal of Clinical Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 2, 2024

PURPOSE Doxorubicin, alongside a select group of cytotoxic agents, is capable inducing an adaptive immune response via well-established peculiar type tumor cell death called immunogenic (ICD). We hypothesize that combining doxorubicin and dacarbazine with nivolumab may enhance therapeutic efficacy by exerting synergy in the ICD circuit. hereby present phase Ib trial this combination. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients advanced leiomyosarcoma anthracycline-naïve were eligible. The initial dose level consisted 75 mg/m 2 once on day 1, every three weeks, followed 400 days 1 2, plus 360 mg 3 for six courses then year nivolumab. A (–1) was same regimen but 240 mg. classic + phase-I design used to determine recommended phase-II (RP2D). Secondary end points included overall rate, safety profile, survival, translational research. RESULTS From January 2002 July 2023, 24 patients enrolled 23 evaluable efficacy, excluding one patient because noncompliant dose. All treated level, RP2D. Toxicity mild, most frequent being grade 4 toxicity neutropenia (16.7%) thrombocytopenia (8.3%), while no 5 occurred. centrally reviewed objective rate as follows: partial 56.5%, stable disease 39.1%, progression 4.4%. 6-month progression-free survival (PFS) 80% (95% CI, 63 98). Dynamic increases HMGB1 blood significantly correlated longer PFS. CONCLUSION This scheme doxorubicin, dacarbazine, feasible well tolerated. Clinical activity encouraging prognostic impact supports relevance activation. Further clinical research already underway concept leiomyosarcoma.

Language: Английский

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Combining nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel with camrelizumab in advanced soft tissue sarcoma: activity, safety, and future perspectives

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

It is still uncertain whether Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor have synergistic effects on metastatic soft tissue sarcomas (STSs). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety activity nab-paclitaxel plus camrelizumab (a PD-1 inhibitor) in patients with advanced STS who had previously failed chemotherapy.

Language: Английский

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