Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: March 25, 2019
Abstract
Converging
evidence
suggests
bioenergetic
defects
contribute
to
the
pathophysiology
of
schizophrenia
and
may
underlie
cognitive
dysfunction.
The
transport
metabolism
lactate
energetically
couples
astrocytes
neurons
supports
brain
bioenergetics.
We
examined
concentration
in
postmortem
(dorsolateral
prefrontal
cortex)
subjects
with
schizophrenia,
two
animal
models
GluN1
knockdown
mouse
model
mutant
disrupted
1
(DISC1)
model,
as
well
inducible
pluripotent
stem
cells
(iPSCs)
from
a
subject
DISC1
mutation.
found
increased
dorsolateral
cortex
(p
=
0.043,
n
16/group)
frontal
cortical
differentiated
mutation
0.032).
also
decrease
mice
induced
expression
human
specifically
0.049).
These
results
build
upon
body
supporting
dysfunction
changes
are
key
feature
this
often
devastating
severe
mental
illness.
Neural Plasticity,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
2017, P. 1 - 14
Published: Jan. 1, 2017
The
hyperactive
state
of
sensory
neurons
in
the
spinal
cord
enhances
pain
transmission.
Spinal
glial
cells
have
also
been
implicated
enhanced
excitability
dorsal
horn
neurons,
resulting
amplification
and
distortions.
Traumatic
injuries
neural
system
such
as
injury
(SCI)
induce
neuronal
hyperactivity
activation,
causing
maladaptive
synaptic
plasticity
cord.
Recent
studies
demonstrate
that
SCI
causes
persistent
activation
with
concomitant
hyperactivity,
thus
providing
substrate
for
central
neuropathic
pain.
Hyperactive
activated
increase
intracellular
extracellular
glutamate,
neuropeptides,
adenosine
triphosphates,
proinflammatory
cytokines,
reactive
oxygen
species
concentrations,
all
which
enhance
In
addition,
overexpress
receptors
ion
channels
maintain
this
Therefore,
post-SCI
neuronal-glial
interactions
create
circuits
activate
signaling
events
permanently
contribute
to
review,
we
describe
how
contributes
maintenance
chronic
via
following
SCI.
Journal of High Energy Physics,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
2020(6)
Published: June 1, 2020
We
investigate
neutrinoless
double
beta
decay
(0νββ)
in
the
presence
of
sterile
neutrinos
with
Majorana
mass
terms.
These
gauge-singlet
fields
are
allowed
to
interact
Standard-Model
(SM)
via
renormalizable
Yukawa
couplings
as
well
higher-dimensional
gauge-invariant
operators
up
dimension
seven
Standard
Model
Effective
Field
Theory
extended
neutrinos.
At
GeV
scale,
we
use
Chiral
effective
field
theory
involving
connect
at
level
quarks
and
gluons
hadronic
interactions
pions
nucleons.
This
allows
us
derive
an
expression
for
0νββ
rates
various
isotopes
terms
phase-space
factors,
low-energy
constants,
nuclear
matrix
elements,
neutrino
masses,
Wilson
coefficients
operators.
The
required
constants
elements
depend
on
which
obtain
interpolation
formulae
grounded
QCD
chiral
perturbation
that
improve
existing
only
valid
a
small
regime
masses.
resulting
framework
can
be
used
directly
assess
impact
experiments
scenarios
light
should
prove
useful
global
analyses
sterile-neutrino
searches.
per-
form
several
phenomenological
studies
without
find
non-standard
have
dramatic
phenomenology,
next-generation
probe
such
scales
$$
\mathcal{O}
(100)
TeV.
Physiological Reviews,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
103(1), P. 515 - 606
Published: Aug. 18, 2022
The
protonation
state
of
soluble
and
membrane-associated
macromolecules
dictates
their
charge,
conformation,
functional
activity.
In
addition,
protons
(H
+
or
equivalents)
partake
in
numerous
metabolic
reactions
serve
as
a
source
electrochemical
energy
to
drive
the
transmembrane
transport
both
organic
inorganic
substrates.
Stringent
regulation
intracellular
pH
is
therefore
paramount
homeostasis.
Although
cytosolic
has
been
studied
extensively,
our
understanding
determinants
H
concentration
([H
])
organelles
developed
more
slowly,
limited
by
small
size
inaccessibility.
Recently,
however,
targeting
molecular
probes
organellar
lumen
together
with
advances
genomic,
proteomic,
electrophysiological
techniques
have
led
identification
characterization
unique
pumps,
channels,
transporters
responsible
for
establishment
maintenance
intraorganellar
pH.
These
developments
implications
cellular
function
health
disease
are
subject
this
review.
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
79(7)
Published: June 24, 2022
Abstract
Upon
stress
challenges,
proteins/RNAs
undergo
liquid–liquid
phase
separation
(LLPS)
to
fine-tune
cell
physiology
and
metabolism
help
cells
adapt
adverse
environments.
The
formation
of
LLPS
has
been
recently
linked
with
intracellular
pH,
maintaining
proper
pH
homeostasis
is
known
be
essential
for
the
survival
organisms.
However,
organisms
are
constantly
exposed
diverse
stresses,
which
accompanied
by
alterations
in
pH.
Aging
processes
human
diseases
also
intimately
alterations.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
stress-,
aging-,
cancer-associated
changes
together
mechanisms
regulate
cytosolic
homeostasis.
How
critical
components
response
discussed,
along
functional
roles
fluctuation
regulation
LLPS.
Further
studies
investigating
interplay
other
stressors
identifying
protein
responses
different
levels
will
provide
an
in-depth
understanding
underlying
pH-driven
adaptation.
Moreover,
deciphering
aging
disease-associated
that
influence
condensate
could
lead
a
deeper
biomolecular
condensates
aging-related
diseases.
Cell Reports Methods,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
2(7), P. 100243 - 100243
Published: June 29, 2022
Fiber
photometry
is
an
emerging
technique
for
recording
fluorescent
sensor
activity
in
the
brain.
However,
significant
hemoglobin
absorption
artifacts
fiber
data
may
be
misinterpreted
as
changes.
Because
exists
widely
brain,
and
its
concentration
varies
temporally,
such
could
impede
accuracy
of
recordings.
Here
we
present
use
spectral
computational
methods
to
quantify
photon
effects
by
using
activity-independent
fluorescence
signals,
which
can
used
derive
oxy-
deoxy-hemoglobin
Although
these
changes
are
often
temporally
delayed
compared
with
fast-responding
spikes,
found
that
erroneous
interpretation
occur
when
examining
pharmacology-induced
sustained
sometimes
flip
GCaMP
signal
polarity.
We
provide
hemoglobin-based
correction
restore
signals
compare
our
results
other
commonly
approaches.
also
demonstrated
utility
delineating
regional
differences
hemodynamic
response
functions.
Cell Calcium,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
120, P. 102882 - 102882
Published: April 8, 2024
Strict
homeostatic
control
of
pH
in
both
intra-
and
extracellular
compartments
the
brain
is
fundamentally
important,
primarily
due
to
profound
impact
free
protons
([H
Annual Review of Physiology,
Journal Year:
2014,
Volume and Issue:
77(1), P. 347 - 362
Published: Oct. 23, 2014
Acid-base
homeostasis
is
essential
for
life.
The
macromolecules
upon
which
living
organisms
depend
are
sensitive
to
pH
changes,
and
physiological
systems
use
the
equilibrium
between
carbon
dioxide,
bicarbonate,
protons
buffer
their
pH.
Biological
processes
environmental
insults
constantly
challenging
an
organism's
pH;
therefore,
maintain
a
consistent
proper
pH,
need
sensors
that
measure
elicit
appropriate
responses.
Mammals
multiple
measuring
both
intracellular
extracellular
although
some
mammalian
directly
protons,
it
has
recently
become
apparent
many
pH-sensing
via
bicarbonate-sensing
soluble
adenylyl
cyclase.
