Processes,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
10(10), P. 2014 - 2014
Published: Oct. 5, 2022
Fruit
waste
contains
several
bioactive
components
such
as
polyphenols,
polysaccharides,
and
numerous
other
phytochemicals,
including
pigments.
Furthermore,
new
financial
opportunities
are
created
by
using
fruit
‘leftovers’
a
basis
for
bioactivities
that
may
serve
foods
or
food
ingredients,
strengthening
the
circular
economy’s
properties.
From
technical
standpoint,
organic
phenolic
substances
have
become
more
appealing
to
industry,
in
addition
their
application
nutritional
supplements
functional
meals.
Several
extraction
methods
recovering
compounds
from
already
been
published,
most
of
which
involve
different
solvents.
However,
there
is
growing
demand
eco-friendly
sustainable
techniques
result
phenolic-rich
extracts
with
little
ecological
impact.
Utilizing
these
advanced
green
will
reduce
global
crisis
caused
management.
Using
modern
techniques,
residue
degraded
sub-zero
scales,
yielding
bio-based
commodities
elements.
This
review
highlights
favorable
creative
separating
materials
residue.
Extraction
based
on
environmentally
friendly
technologies
bioreactors,
enzyme-assisted
extraction,
ultrasound-assisted
combination
specifically
covered.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
21(17), P. 6275 - 6275
Published: Aug. 30, 2020
Type
2
Diabetes
Mellitus
(T2DM),
one
of
the
most
common
metabolic
disorders,
is
caused
by
a
combination
two
primary
factors:
defective
insulin
secretion
pancreatic
β-cells
and
inability
insulin-sensitive
tissues
to
respond
appropriately
insulin.
Because
release
activity
are
essential
processes
for
glucose
homeostasis,
molecular
mechanisms
involved
in
synthesis
insulin,
as
well
its
detection
tightly
regulated.
Defects
any
these
can
lead
imbalance
responsible
development
disease.
This
review
analyzes
key
aspects
T2DM,
pathways
implicated
metabolism
leading
T2DM
resistance.
For
that
purpose,
we
summarize
data
gathered
up
until
now,
focusing
especially
on
synthesis,
release,
sensing
downstream
effects
individual
organs.
The
also
covers
pathological
conditions
perpetuating
such
nutritional
factors,
physical
activity,
gut
dysbiosis
memory.
Additionally,
because
associated
with
accelerated
atherosclerosis
development,
here
some
link
resistance
(IR)
cardiovascular
risk
important
complications
T2DM.
Cells,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
11(3), P. 552 - 552
Published: Feb. 5, 2022
Reactive
oxygen
and
nitrogen
species
(RONS)
are
generated
through
various
endogenous
exogenous
processes;
however,
they
neutralized
by
enzymatic
non-enzymatic
antioxidants.
An
imbalance
between
the
generation
neutralization
of
oxidants
results
in
progression
to
oxidative
stress
(OS),
which
turn
gives
rise
diseases,
disorders
aging.
The
characteristics
aging
include
progressive
loss
function
tissues
organs.
theory
explains
that
age-related
functional
losses
due
accumulation
reactive
(ROS),
their
subsequent
damages
tissue
deformities.
Moreover,
diseases
caused
OS
cardiovascular
[CVDs],
chronic
obstructive
pulmonary
disease,
kidney
neurodegenerative
cancer.
OS,
induced
ROS,
is
different
antioxidants
prevents
cells,
organs
from
damage.
However,
prolonged
decreases
content
antioxidant
status
cells
reducing
activities
reductants
antioxidative
enzymes
pathological
conditions.
Therefore,
aim
present
review
discuss
mechanism
ROS-induced
signaling
age-associated
complications
mediated
toxic
manifestations
order
devise
effective
preventive
curative
natural
therapeutic
remedies.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
21(6), P. 2084 - 2084
Published: March 18, 2020
Due
to
its
health
benefits,
resveratrol
(RE)
is
one
of
the
most
researched
natural
polyphenols.
Resveratrol’s
benefits
were
first
highlighted
in
early
1990s
French
paradox
study,
which
opened
extensive
research
activity
into
this
compound.
Ever
since,
several
pharmacological
activities
including
antioxidant,
anti-aging,
anti-inflammatory,
anti-cancerous,
anti-diabetic,
cardioprotective,
and
neuroprotective
properties,
attributed
RE.
However,
results
from
available
human
clinical
trials
controversial
concerning
protective
effects
RE
against
diseases
their
sequelae.
The
reason
for
these
conflicting
findings
varied
but
differences
characteristics
enrolled
patients,
doses
used,
duration
supplementation
proposed,
at
least
part,
as
possible
causes.
In
particular,
optimal
dosage
capable
maximizing
without
raising
toxicity
issues
remains
an
area
research.
context,
while
there
a
consistent
body
literature
on
diseases,
are
relatively
few
reports
investigating
toxicity.
Indeed,
adverse
reported
following
consumption
RE;
therefore,
future
studies
long-term
effects,
well
vivo
humans
needed.
Furthermore,
data
interactions
when
combined
with
other
therapies
still
lacking,
related
absorption
bioavailability
body.
review,
we
collect
summarize
about
side
effects.
process,
analyze
vitro
that
have
addressed
stilbenoid.
These
suggest
has
unexplored
side.
Finally,
discuss
new
delivery
methods
being
employed
overcome
low
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
2020, P. 1 - 20
Published: March 9, 2020
Peroxisome
proliferator-activated
receptor-
γ
coactivator
(PGC)-1
α
is
a
transcriptional
described
as
master
regulator
of
mitochondrial
biogenesis
and
function,
including
oxidative
phosphorylation
reactive
oxygen
species
detoxification.
PGC-1
highly
expressed
in
tissues
with
high
energy
demands,
it
clearly
associated
the
pathogenesis
metabolic
syndrome
its
principal
complications
obesity,
type
2
diabetes
mellitus,
cardiovascular
disease,
hepatic
steatosis.
We
herein
review
molecular
pathways
regulated
by
,
which
connect
stress
metabolism
inflammatory
response
syndrome.
regulates
expression
antioxidant
genes,
manganese
superoxide
dismutase,
catalase,
peroxiredoxin
3
5,
uncoupling
protein
2,
thioredoxin
reductase
thus
prevents
injury
dysfunction.
Dysregulation
alters
redox
homeostasis
cells
exacerbates
response,
commonly
accompanied
disturbances.
During
inflammation,
low
levels
downregulate
gene
expression,
induce
stress,
promote
nuclear
factor
kappa
B
activation.
In
syndrome,
characterized
chronic
grade
dysregulation
modifies
properties
altering
function
promoting
accumulation.
conclusion,
acts
an
essential
node
connecting
regulation,
control,
pathways,
interesting
therapeutic
target
that
may
have
significant
benefits
for
number
diseases.
Experimental & Molecular Medicine,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
53(2), P. 168 - 188
Published: Feb. 1, 2021
Abstract
Advanced
glycation
end
products
(AGEs)
are
potentially
harmful
and
heterogeneous
molecules
derived
from
nonenzymatic
glycation.
The
pathological
implications
of
AGEs
ascribed
to
their
ability
promote
oxidative
stress,
inflammation,
apoptosis.
Recent
studies
in
basic
translational
research
have
revealed
the
contributing
roles
development
progression
various
aging-related
conditions,
such
as
diabetes,
cardiovascular
complications,
gut
microbiome-associated
illnesses,
liver
or
neurodegenerative
diseases,
cancer.
Excessive
chronic
and/or
acute
binge
consumption
alcohol
(ethanol),
a
widely
consumed
addictive
substance,
is
known
cause
more
than
200
including
use
disorder
(addiction),
alcoholic
disease,
brain
damage.
However,
despite
considerable
amount
this
area,
underlying
molecular
mechanisms
by
which
abuse
causes
cellular
toxicity
organ
damage
remain
be
further
characterized.
In
review,
we
first
briefly
describe
properties
AGEs:
formation,
accumulation,
receptor
interactions.
We
then
focus
on
causative
functions
that
impact
diseases.
also
highlight
biological
connection
AGE–alcohol–adduct
formations
alcohol-mediated
tissue
injury.
Finally,
potential
opportunities
for
treatment
AGE-
alcohol-related
adduct-associated
disorders
according
mechanistic
insights
presented.
Genes & Development,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
35(5-6), P. 307 - 328
Published: March 1, 2021
Obesity
is
the
most
common
cause
of
insulin
resistance,
and
current
obesity
epidemic
driving
a
parallel
rise
in
incidence
T2DM.
It
now
widely
recognized
that
chronic,
subacute
tissue
inflammation
major
etiologic
component
pathogenesis
resistance
metabolic
dysfunction
obesity.
Here,
we
summarize
recent
advances
our
understanding
immunometabolism.
We
discuss
characteristics
chronic
tissues
how
triggers
these
events,
including
focus
on
role
adipose
hypoxia
macrophage-derived
exosomes.
Last,
also
review
potential
new
therapeutic
strategies
based
immunomodulation.
Frontiers in Endocrinology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
12
Published: Aug. 5, 2021
The
numerous
beneficial
health
outcomes
associated
with
the
use
of
metformin
to
treat
patients
type
2
diabetes
(T2DM),
together
data
from
pre-clinical
studies
in
animals
including
nematode,
C.
elegans,
and
mice
have
prompted
investigations
into
whether
has
therapeutic
utility
as
an
anti-aging
drug
that
may
also
extend
lifespan.
Indeed,
clinical
trials,
MILES
(Metformin
In
Longevity
Study)
TAME
(Targeting
Aging
Metformin),
been
designed
assess
potential
benefits
drug.
Preliminary
analysis
results
indicate
induce
transcriptional
changes;
however
it
remains
controversial
is
protective
those
subjects
free
disease.
Furthermore,
despite
for
over
60
years
anti-diabetic
drug,
cellular
mechanisms
by
which
exerts
either
its
actions
remain
unclear.
this
review,
we
critically
evaluated
literature
investigated
effects
on
aging,
healthspan
lifespan
humans
well
other
species.
preparing
particular
attention
placed
strength
reproducibility
quality
study
protocols
respect
pharmacokinetic
pharmacodynamic
properties
metformin.
We
conclude
support
benefits,
evidence
increases
controversial.
However,
via
ability
reduce
early
mortality
various
diseases,
diabetes,
cardiovascular
disease,
cognitive
decline
cancer,
can
improve
thereby
extending
period
life
spent
good
health.
Based
available
aging
are
primarily
indirect
metabolism
result
anti-hyperglycemic
action,
enhancing
insulin
sensitivity,
reduction
oxidative
stress
endothelium
vascular
function.
