Endocrine factors modulating vitellogenesis and oogenesis in insects: An update

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 587, P. 112211 - 112211

Published: March 15, 2024

Language: Английский

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Hairy and Krüppel homolog 1 Comediate the Action of Juvenile Hormone/Methoprene-Tolerant Signaling Pathway in Vitellogenesis of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith)

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Spodoptera frugiperda is a major migratory invasive pest and of global concern. Vitellogenesis, crucial process for population multiplication in oviparous insects, regulated by endocrine hormones. In this study, three primary responders to JH signaling, the receptor gene Met, downstream transcription factor Kr-h1 Hairy, were first cloned identified. RNA interference results showed that silencing SfMet significantly down-regulated levels SfKr-h1 SfHairy, as well key reproductive genes Vitellogenin (SfVg) (SfVgR). Similarly, SfHairy also inhibited SfVg SfVgR. Silencing SfMet, SfKr-h1, resulted blocked ovarian development significant decrease reproduction. These findings confirm Hairy comediate action JH-Met signaling pathway vitellogenesis S. frugiperda, providing new targets insights control.

Language: Английский

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The moulting arthropod: a complete genetic toolkit review

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 99(6), P. 2338 - 2375

Published: July 22, 2024

ABSTRACT Exoskeletons are a defining character of all arthropods that provide physical support for their segmented bodies and appendages as well protection from the environment predation. This ubiquitous yet evolutionarily variable feature has been instrumental in facilitating adoption variety lifestyles exploitation ecological niches across environments. Throughout radiation produced more than one million described modern species, adaptability afforded by segmentation exoskeletons led to diversity is unrivalled amongst animals. However, because limited extensibility exoskeleton chitin cuticle components, they must be periodically shed replaced with new larger ones, notably accommodate growing individuals encased within. Therefore, grow discontinuously undergoing periodic moulting events, which follow series steps preparatory pre‐moult phase ecdysis itself post‐moult maturation exoskeletons. Each event represents particularly vulnerable period an arthropod's life cycle, so processes tightly regulated meticulously executed ensure successful transitions normal growth development. Decades research representative foundation understanding mechanisms involved. Building on this, studies continue develop test hypotheses presence function molecular including neuropeptides, hormones, receptors, so‐called early, late, fate genes, arthropod diversity. Here, we review literature comprehensive overview status accumulated knowledge genetic toolkit governing moulting. From biosynthesis regulation ecdysteroid sesquiterpenoid factors involved hormonal stimulation responses remodelling, identify commonalities differences, highlighting major gaps, groups. We examine available evidence supporting current models how components operate together prepare for, execute, recover ecdysis, comparing reports Chelicerata, Myriapoda, Crustacea, Hexapoda. Evidence generally highly taxonomically imbalanced, most based insect study systems. Biases also evident different phases processes, early triggers late effectors being least explored. Our synthesis contrasts reported observations reasonably plausible assumptions given taxonomic sampling, exposes weak or gaps need addressing. Encouragingly, advances genomics driving diversification tractable systems cataloguing putative toolkits previously under‐explored taxa. Analysis genome transcriptome data supported experimental investigations have validated “ultra‐conserved” core genes processes. The machinery likely evolved elaborations this conserved pathway backbone, but exploration needed characterise lineage‐specific changes novelties. Furthermore, linking these transformative innovations Arthropoda remains hampered untested assumptions. Promisingly however, emerging framework highlights avenues underlying genetics dynamic biology through complex physiology

Language: Английский

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One genome, multiple phenotypes: decoding the evolution and mechanisms of environmentally induced developmental plasticity in insects

Biochemical Society Transactions, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 51(2), P. 675 - 689

Published: March 16, 2023

Plasticity in developmental processes gives rise to remarkable environmentally induced phenotypes. Some of the most striking and well-studied examples plasticity are seen insects. For example, beetle horn size responds nutritional state, butterfly eyespots enlarged response temperature humidity, environmental cues also give queen worker castes eusocial These phenotypes arise from essentially identical genomes an cue during development. Developmental is taxonomically widespread, affects individual fitness, may act as a rapid-response mechanism allowing individuals adapt changing environments. Despite importance prevalence plasticity, there remains scant mechanistic understanding how it works or evolves. In this review, we use key discuss what known about insects identify fundamental gaps current knowledge. We highlight working towards fully integrated diverse range species. Furthermore, advocate for comparative studies evo-devo framework address

Language: Английский

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Krüppel Homolog 1 Is Required for the Role of Methyl Farnesoate in Vitellogenesis in the Mud Crab Scylla paramamosain

Fishes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 103 - 103

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Methyl farnesoate (MF), a counterpart of insect juvenile hormones in crustaceans, plays essential roles molting, metamorphosis, and reproduction. In this paper, we isolated gene-encoding Krüppel homolog 1 from the mud crab Scylla paramamosain (Sp-Kr-h1) investigated its involvement MF-regulated vitellogenesis. RT-PCR showed that Sp-Kr-h1 had wide expression various tissues. qRT-PCR level ovary peaked at stage III. Both vitro vivo experiments suggested Vitellogenin (Vg) hepatopancreas was significantly induced by MF administration. Further, RNA interference technique employed to illustrate precise role ovarian development. This revealed silencing decreased Vg transcripts located hepatopancreas. Meanwhile, an experiment demonstrated oocyte growth inhibited after knockdown female S. paramamosain. conclusion, study identified Kr-h1 gene it is factor for Our results provided new insight into mechanism underlying inducing development crabs.

Language: Английский

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Diapause in parasitoids: a systematic review

Journal of Pest Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 7, 2025

Language: Английский

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Insect metamorphosis and chitin metabolism under miRNA regulation: a review with current advances

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 13, 2025

Abstract Insect metamorphosis is a complex developmental process regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs) and hormonal signaling pathways. Key genes driving insect ontogenic changes are precisely modulated miRNAs, which interact with 20‐hydroxyecdysone (20E) juvenile hormone (JH) to coordinate transitions. Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in understanding miRNA biogenesis, their regulatory roles gene expression, involvement critical biological processes, including chitin metabolism. miRNAs now recognized as essential regulators of metabolism signaling, ensuring precise control development. Disrupting expression participating pathways through leads aberrant consequent lethal outcomes, highlighting potential targets for pest control. This review summarizes current advances miRNA‐mediated regulation metabolism, focus on interactions 20E JH By integrating recent findings, we provide insights into molecular mechanisms underlying function transitions applications management strategies. © 2025 Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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Krüppel homolog 1, a juvenile hormone transcription factor, regulates the reproduction and development of Aedes albopictus(Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae)

Parasitology Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 124(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

The control of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae), a vector for several important viral diseases, is crucial mitigating mosquito-borne diseases. This study focused on the Krüppel homolog 1 (Kr-h1) gene, transcription factor in juvenile hormone (JH) signaling, which plays pivotal role inhibiting metamorphosis and promoting adult reproduction. We characterized Kr-h1(AalbKr-h1), identified its eight zinc finger domains, confirmed orthology among insects through phylogenetic analysis. Expression profiling across life stages showed high level expression eggs, late larvae, adults, with minimal pupae. In AalbKr-h1 was most active fat body ovaries. Exposing larvae to JH analogue significantly upregulated both larval stages. RNAi-mediated knockdown Kr-h1 protein reduced egg reproduction, survival rate gene levels. These results provide solid foundation further exploration function potential development novel strategies mosquito prevention

Language: Английский

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Interactions of juvenile hormone, 20-hydroxyecdysone, developmental genes, and miRNAs during pupal development in Apis mellifera

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 26, 2025

Abstract Insect development is primarily controlled by juvenile hormone (JH) and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), which regulate gene cascades leading to changes in phenotype, physiology, behavior. Besides these hormones, microRNAs play a crucial role insect regulating expression at the post-transcriptional level. To advance molecular understanding of holometabolous developmental events, we investigate pupal phase honeybee, Apis mellifera . In this study, assessed profiles genes components JH 20E – Usp, ftz-f1, EcR, Met, Chd64, InR-2, Kr-h1 Tai as well miRNA-34 miRNA-281 during A. We then analyzed impact treatments on their putative regulators, microRNAs. Overall, selected miRNAs remained stable or were downregulated following treatment, while with JH, upregulated most our candidate Notably, profile Met , an intracellular receptor showed strong correlation fluctuations titers development. Furthermore, computational analysis, followed experimental assays, points both miR-34 miR-281 potential regulators This study paves way for better how hormones interact (miR-34 miR-281) honeybees, elucidating piece complex network interactions.

Language: Английский

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Krüppel Regulates Cell Cycle Exit and Limits Adult Neurogenesis of Mushroom Body Neural Progenitors in Drosophila

Published: May 9, 2025

Abstract In many organisms, including Drosophila and humans, neural progenitors exit the cell cycle are eliminated by end of development, which retricts adult neurogenesis to specific brain regions such as mammalian hippocampus. Here, we show that conserved transcription factor Krüppel (Kr) regulates proliferation neurogenic capacity mushroom body neuroblasts (MBNBs), generate learning memory center in brain, functionally analogous Neuroblast-specific Kr RNAi Irregular facet (KrIf-1) mutation extends MBNB lifespan, enabling continued brain. is expressed at low levels postembryonic MBNBs, its pupal stage-specific depletion sufficient induce retention, distinguishing this role from established function embryonic neurogenesis. Persisting MBNBs maintain expression RNA-binding protein IGF-2-binding (Imp), promotes early neuronal fate. Co-depletion Imp abolishes extended induced depletion. Additionally, homolog 1 (Kr-h1), another family a key regulator hormone-mediated transcription, antagonises Kr’s function: knockdown suppresses phenotype while overexpression drives tumour-like neuroblast overgrowths. These findings define lineage-specific regulatory axis governing Drosophila, with potential parallels other organisms.

Language: Английский

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